A política de habitação rural e o desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar.

Este artigo analisa a contribuição do Programa Nacional de Habitação Rural (PNHR) para o desenvolvimento de territórios predominantemente rurais. A partir do estudo de sua implementação na região Oeste Catarinense, ponder sobre os avanços e as restrições desta política social. Para as análises realizadas procedeu-se a uma revisão de literatura, à busca de documentação sobre a política e sua implementação na região estudada, bem como a entrevistas com lideranças e agricultores demandantes e beneficiados por uma casa nova ou reforma. Verificou-se que o PNHR cria uma oportunidade para as famílias rurais descapitalizadas construírem ou reformarem sua casa, apesar de ser ainda restrita a sua abrangência para o conjunto dessas famílias. A reformulação do programa, reduzindo exigências financeiras e para operação dos créditos, pode oportunizar que maior número de famílias dele se beneficie, com impacto social positivo no desenvolvimento regional

Lymphatic vessel density and VEGF-C expression are significantly different among benign and malignant thyroid lesions

Thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine neoplasia worldwide. The route for metastasis and loco-regional invasion preferentially occurs by lymphatic vessels. For this reason, the assessment of lymphatic vessel density (LVD) is supposed to represent both a prognostic parameter and also a potential therapeutic target. In order to evaluate the value of LVD in benign and malignant thyroid lesions, we analyzed 110 thyroidectomy specimens using D2-40, a specific marker for lymphatic vessels and vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), the most potent molecule of lymphatic proliferation. LVD was significantly different between papillary and follicular carcinomas in total (p = 0.045) and peritumoral area (p = 0.042). Follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma showed an important difference of intra- (p = 0.019) and peritumoral (p = 0.033) LVD. VEGF-C was more markedly expressed in malignancies than in benign lesions (p = 0.0001). Almost all cancers with high positive VEGF-C expression also exhibited increased peritumoral LVD (p = 0.049) when compared with the benign lesions. Indeed, the high peritumoral LVD of malignant thyroid lesions is an important finding for surgery planning and supports the practice of total thyroidectomy in malignant thyroid neoplasm's since the lymphatic peritumoral vessels definitely are an escape path for tumor cells

Towards a More Resilient Euro Area. Ideas from the 'Future Europe' Forum. CEPS Paperback, 18 June 2018

Much progress has been made in improving resilience of the single currency since the beginning of the crisis. But many important issues remain to be tackled. The leaders of euro-area member states are expected to use the European Union Summit on 28-29 June 2018 to take preliminary decisions about which additional reforms to pursue. The run-up to this meeting saw a lively debate involving economists and policymakers, albeit against a backdrop of rising Euroscepticism among and waning trust between European partners. ESMT and the German Council of Economic Experts (GCEE) initiated the ‘Future Europe’ forum in the summer of 2017, aiming to bring together a high-level group of economists to discuss economically sensible, legally sound, and politically feasible concepts that deserved to be taken forward. By offering a forum for discussion, we hoped to foster constructive dialogue. They chose an innovative video-conference format to bring experts together face to face without them having to leave their desks (or living rooms). Some 30 economists took part in a dozen such virtual meetings, and their contributions culminated in a publication, brought out jointly by the Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), ESMT and the GCEE. The ebookTowards a More Resilient Euro Area: Ideas from the ‘Future Europe’ forum gathers summaries of these economists’ proposals and the discussions they sparked. The main aim was not to produce a variant of the jointly-authored academic paper, but to foster a lively debate between economists who – as one participant put it – “agree somewhat, but not too much”. The publication as a result combines essays outlining an individual author’s thoughts with summaries of the informed, impassioned, and always respectful discussions during each forum. While each contribution can only be attributed to the respective author, each idea and thought is a valuable input that deserves to be considered by European governments as they set about the next euro-area reforms

Radiochemical Separation of Nickel for 59Ni and 63Ni Activity Determination in Nuclear Waste Samples

Non

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, homocysteine and coronary artery disease: the A1298C polymorphism does matter. Inferences from a case study (Madeira, Portugal)

Elevated levels of plasma homocysteine, an independent risk factor and a strong predictor of mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), can result from nutritional deficiencies or genetic errors, including methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C polymorphisms. The contribution of these polymorphisms in the development of CAD remains controversial. We analysed the impact of MTHFR C677T and A1298C on fasting homocysteine and CAD in 298 CAD patients proved by angiography and 510 control subjects from the Island of Madeira (Portugal). After adjustment for other risk factors, plasma homocysteine remained independently correlated with CAD. Serum homocysteine was significantly higher in individuals with 677TT and 1298AA genotypes. There was no difference in the distribution of MTHFR677 genotypes between cases and controls but a significant increase in 1298AA prevalence was found in CAD patients. In spite of the clear effect of C677T mutation on elevated homocysteine levels we only found an association between 1298AA genotype and CAD in this population. The simultaneous presence of 677CT and 1298AA genotypes provides a significant risk of developing the disease, while the 1298AC genotype, combined with 677CC, shows a significant trend towards a decrease in CAD occurrence. The data shows an independent association between elevated levels of homocysteine and CAD. Both MTHFR polymorphisms are associated with increased fasting homocysteine (677TT and 1298AA genotypes), but only the 1298AA variant shows an increased prevalence in CAD group. Odds ratio seem to indicate that individuals with the MTHFR 1298AA genotype and the 677CT/1298AA compound genotype had a 1.6-fold increased risk for developing CAD suggesting a possible association of MTHFR polymorphisms with the risk of CAD in Madeira population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Zn addition and Zn and P uptake, translocation and utilization by coffee cultivars

A crescente exigência de nutrientes, especialmente micronutrientes, pelos cultivares de café vem exigindo uma melhor compreensão da dinâmica desses nutrientes no sistema solo-planta. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de concentrações de Zn (0,4 ; 1,3 e 2,3 mimol Zn L-1) na solução nutritiva sobre o crescimento, produção de matéria seca, eficiência de absorção, translocação e utilização de Zn e P em dois cultivares de café (Coffea arabica cv. Catuaí e Coffea canephora cv. Conilon), foi realizado um experimento sob delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial 3 × 2 (três doses de Zn e dois cultivares) com três repetições. Plantas de café dos dois cultivares estudados foram cultivadas em casa de vegetação, com solução nutritiva completa por 50 dias, após os quais receberam solução nutritiva modificada com três doses de Zn. Aos 114 dias após a transferência para a solução nutritiva modificada, as plantas foram coletadas e separadas em folhas superiores, inferiores, caule e raízes. Foram avaliadas altura do caule, número de ramificações laterais, área foliar, produção de matéria seca e conteúdos de P e Zn nas diversas partes da planta, além das eficiências de absorção, translocação e utilização de P e Zn. A dose 2,3 mimol Zn L-1 proporcionou os maiores valores para as características de crescimento avaliadas, tanto para o cultivar Catuaí, quanto para Conilon. Os maiores conteúdos de Zn observados no Catuaí indicam que este é mais exigente em Zn que o Conilon na fase de mudas. O Conilon apresentou menores eficiências de absorção e translocação e maior eficiência de utilização de Zn, refletindo sua menor demanda por este nutriente. As concentrações de Zn empregadas neste experimento não promoveram interação Zn-P.The increasing nutrient requirement of coffee varieties, specially of micronutrients, is claiming for a better understanding of the dynamics of these nutrients in the soil-plant system. Having this in mind a greenhouse experiment in a completely randomized design, 3 × 2 factorial scheme and three replications was conducted to evaluate the effect of three Zn levels (0.4 , 1.3 and 2.3 mumol L-1) and two coffee species (Coffea arabica cv. Catuaí and Coffea canephora cv. Conilon) on: (i) growth characteristics; (ii) Zn and P contents; and (iii) Zn and P uptake, translocation and utilization efficiencies. Plants were grown in complete nutrient solution along 50 days, when they were transferred to three Zn levels. Plants were harvested and separated in leaves, stem and roots 114 days after the transference. Stem height, leaf area, dry matter yield, Zn and P contents, and Zn and P uptake, translocation and utilization efficiencies were evaluated. The largest growth characteristics were observed with 2.3 mumol L-1. The highest Coffea arabica cv Catuaí Zn contents suggest that this species has higher Zn demand than Coffea canephora cv. Conilon. Conilon cultivar showed the lowest Zn uptake and translocation efficiencies and the highest Zn utilization efficiency; what reflects its lower Zn demand. The Zn-P interaction was not observed with the Zn levels employed in this experiment