CSR EMAT Is an Opportunity for Responsible Decision-Making

Corporate social responsibility is an expected behaviour in Western countries, but the approach still does not have a clear interpretation in Hungary. As a result of the increasing prestige of the CSR approach, socially responsible thinking and action also are expected from the companies operating in Hungary. Company executives carry out CSR activities in many cases – but not consciously. The objective of this research therefore was the development of a guidance and evaluation criteria that can support managers in responsible decision-making and applying the CSR approach to a strategic level. On the other hand, this management tool allows the measurement of CSR excellence in companies; therefore, they become comparable in their CSR performance, which offers opportunities for further research. The study presents the development of CSR EMAT and the results achieved through the measurements.Družbena odgovornost podjetij je pričakovano ravnanje v zahodnih državah, vendar še vedno nima jasne opredelitve na Madžarskem. Zaradi vse večjega ugleda družbeno odgovornega pristopa podjetij se pričakujeta tudi družbeno odgovorno razmišljanje in delovanje podjetij, ki delujejo na Madžarskem. Vodstva podjetij v številnih primerih izvajajo dejavnosti družbene odgovornosti podjetij, vendar se tega niti ne zavedajo. Zato je bil cilj te raziskave razvoj smernic in ocenjevalnih kriterijev, ki lahko pomagajo menedžerjem pri odgovornem odločanju in uporabi družbeno odgovornega pristopa podjetij na strateški ravni. Po drugi strani pa to menedžersko orodje omogoča merjenje odličnosti družbene odgovornosti podjetij in primerjavo njihove uspešnosti, kar ponuja priložnosti za nadaljnje raziskave. Študija predstavlja razvoj orodja za upravljanje in ocenjevanje odličnosti družbene odgovornosti podjetij in rezultate, dosežene z meritvami

A diszkrét tomográfia új irányzatai és alkalmazása a neutron radiográfiában = New directions in discrete tomography and its application in neutron radiography

A projekt során alapvetően a diszkrét tomográfia alábbi területein végeztük eredményes kutatásokat: rekonstrukcó legyezőnyaláb-vetületekből; geometriai tulajdonságokon alapuló rekonsrukciós és egyértelműségi eredmények kiterjeszthetőségének vizsgálata; újfajta geometriai jellemzők bevezetése; egzisztenica, unicitás és rekonstrukció vizsgálata abszorpciós vetületek esetén; 2D és 3D rekonstrukciós algoritmusok fejlesztése neutron tomográfiás alkalmazásokhoz; bináris rekonstrukciós algoritmusok tesztelése, benchmark halmazok és kiértékelések; a rekonstruálandó kép geometriai és egyéb strukturális információinak kinyerése közvetlenül a vetületekből. A kidolgozott eljárásaink egy részét az általunk fejlesztett DIRECT elnevezésű diszkrét tomográfiai keretrendszerben implementáltuk, így lehetőség nyílt az ismertetett eljárások tesztelésére és a különböző megközelítések hatékonyságának összevetésére is. Kutatási eredményeinket több, mint 40 nemzetközi tudományos közleményben jelentettük meg, a projekt futamideje alatt két résztvevő kutató is doktori fokozatot szerzett a kutatási témából. A projekt során több olyan kutatási irányvonalat fedtünk fel, ahol elképzeléseink szerint további jelentős elméleti eredményeket lehet elérni, és ezzel egyidőben a gyakorlat számára is új jellegű és hatékonyabb diszkrét képalkotó eljárások tervezhetők és kivitelezhetők. | In the project entitled ""New Directions in Discrete Tomography and Its Applications in Neutron Radiography"" we did successful research mainly on the following topics on Discrete Tomography (DT): reconstruction from fan-beam projections; extension of uniqueness and reconstruction results of DT based on geometrical priors, introduction of new geometrical properties to facilitate the reconstruction; uniqueness and reconstruction in case of absorbed projections; 2D and 3D reconstruction algorithms for applications in neutron tomography; testing binary reconstruction algorithms, developing benchmark sets and evaluations; exploiting structural features of images from their projections. As a part of the project we implemented some of our reconstruction methods in the DIRECT framework (also developed at our department), thus making it possible to test and compare our algorithms. We published more than 40 articles in international conference proceedings and journals. Two of our project members obtained PhD degree during the period of the project (mostly based on their contributions to the work). We also discovered several research areas where further work can yield important theoretical results as well as more effective discrete reconstruction methods for the applications

Learning and its Effectiveness in Students’ Self-reflection

The article presents research on students’ independent self-learning. The applied method was an analysis of intentionally prepared documents. While conducting the research, an attempt was made to recognise: the manner of the understanding the notion of “learning” by the students; the manner of learning which they apply as well as evaluation of their own effectiveness in this scope. The participants in the research identify learning mainly as mnemonic acquisition of new knowledge in the situations related to the process of studying. In the majority of cases, they work unsystematically, applying ineffective techniques of learning and express negative judgements on their own learning effectiveness

“Auto-Education” as Understood by Students of Pedagogy and their Individual Auto-Educational Goals

Th e main aim of the research was to determine the way of understanding the notion of “auto-education” by students of pedagogy and recognizing the material content of the formulated auto-educational goals. Th e main research tools which were applied in the research included a diagnostic survey and an auditorium questionnaire. Th e research results reveal that the notion of auto-education is present in the students’ perception as four ideas: auto-education as self-education; selfeducation and self-upbringing; self-upbringing and learning about oneself. In the process of auto-education, the respondents formulated goals concerning gaining knowledge, developing intellectual skills and specialist abilities, goals concerning biological, bodily dimensions of human life; goals referring to the development of one’s own spirituality, axiological inner life, searching for meaning in life and aims concerning self-discovery

The Role of a Higher Education Institution in Enhancing Students’ Auto-educational Activity

Th e main objective of this article is to present the role of a higher education institution in enhancing auto-educational activities from the perspective of students of pedagogy at the University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland. Th e main research tool that was applied in the research included the method of document analysis. By means of both classic and modern methods of document analysis, the author analysed and interpreted documents created intentionally – essays, i.e. respondents’ written opinions on issues of importance from the scientifi c point of view. Th e research results revealed that students’ auto-educational activity regarding the development of the intellectual (cognitive) sphere connected with acquiring social competences, self-discovery, biological sphere (e.g. caring for one’s health, physical condition, appearance) and spiritual sphere is only to a small degree determined by a higher education institution

Prospective analysis of the influence of sport and educational factors on the prevalence and initiation of smoking in older adolescents from Croatia

The prevalence of smoking among Croatian adolescents is alarmingly high, but no previous study has prospectively examined the sport- and academic-factors associated with smoking and smoking initiation. This study aimed to prospectively examine the associations between scholastic (educational) achievement and sport factors and smoking in 16- to 18-year-old adolescents. This twoyear prospective cohort study included 644 adolescents who were 16 years of age at baseline (46% females). Baseline testing was implemented at the beginning of the 3rd year of high school (September 2014) when participants were 16 years old. Follow-up testing was completed at the end of the fourth year of high school, which occurred 20 months later. The evaluated predictor variables were educational-achievement- and sport-related-factors. The outcome variables were (i) smoking at baseline; (ii) smoking at follow-up; and (iii) smoking initiation over the course of the study. We assessed the associations between predictors and outcomes using logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, socioeconomic status, and conflict with parents. The educational variables were consistently associated with smoking, with lower grade-point-average (Baseline: odd ratio (OR): 2.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.61\u20132.55; Follow-up: 1.59, 1.31\u20131.94), more frequent absence from school (Baseline: OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.19\u20131.69; Follow-up: 1.30, 1.08\u20131.58), and lower behavioral grades (Baseline: OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.10\u20132.89; Follow-up: 1.57, 1.03\u20132.41) in children who smoke. Adolescents who reported quitting sports were at greater odds of being smokers (Baseline: 2.07, 1.31\u20133.32; Followup: 1.66, 1.09\u20132.56). Sport competitive achievement at baseline was protective against smoking initiation during following two-year period (0.45, 0.21\u20130.91). While the influence of the educational variables on smoking initiation has been found to be established earlier; sport achievement was identified as a significant protective factor against initiating smoking in older adolescents. Results should be used in development of an anti-smoking preventive campaign in older adolescents

Decision Support Approach for Managers in the Application of the CSR Concept

In today\u27s globalized world we hear more and more about sustainable development, ethical corporate governance, ecological footprint and similar concepts that are inspiring us to behave and operate responsibly from individuals to large enterprises. Previous researches on the subject have highlighted the fact that most of the company executives are not aware of the elements of the CSR concept (Corporate Social Responsibility) and they identify CSR as environmental protection and charity. A directive of CSR is needed which enables companies to learn about the concept of CSR and its elements, so this information could help them in responsible decision making. During the research the CSR excellence management and assessment tool (CSR EMAT) was developed based on the logic of the EFQM Excellence Model. It serves as a guideline and evaluation system for companies and makes them comparable as a result of the evaluation process. Companies can be divided into different groups according to their CSR excellence as it is supported by the examples in the study. This work is licensed under a&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p

Cultivating regional traditions in preschool and early school education

The article attempts to determine the degree of cultivating regional traditions in education implemented by kindergarten teachers and primary school teachers (grades 1—3) with reference to some of the conditions associated with education and work experience of the respondents. The scaling method has been applied in the study. The Scale Sheet devised for the purpose of personal research contained 16 questions and addressed 81 preschool and early school education teachers. The respondents answered the questions by means of applying adjectives from a five-degree adjectival scale, where the value of one indicated the lowest degree, whereas the value of five — the highest one. The research findings have revealed that the interviewed teachers cultivate regional traditions in their own professional work to high and moderate degrees. Certain differences in the results have been observed, due to the variables such as education and work experience

Cele kształcenia w dydaktyce Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej i ich odbicie w niektórych programach nauczania dla szkoły ogólnokształcącej w latach 1920-1922

Przedmiotem rozważań prezentowanych w niniejszym artykule jest próba odpowiedzi na następujące pytanie: czy i jakie cele kształcenia funkcjonujące na gruncie międzywojennej dydaktyki jako dyscypliny znalazły swoje odzwierciedlenie w niektórych programach nauczania dla szkoły ogólnokształcącej w latach 1920-1922? Za podstawę dla prowadzonych analiz przyjęto program nauczania dla siedmioletniej szkoły powszechnej oraz program nauczania dla szkoły średniej ogólnokształcącej (wydział humanistyczny i matematyczno-przyrodniczy) ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem dwóch przedmiotów nauczania: języka polskiego i przyrody (przyrodoznawstwa). W odniesieniu do sformułowanego wcześniej pytania badawczego treść niniejszego artykułu ujęto w trzy integralnie powiązane ze sobą części. W części pierwszej przedstawiono - z konieczności w dużym skrócie - cele kształcenia funkcjonujące na gruncie polskiej dydaktyki jako dyscypliny w okresie Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej '. Część druga stanowi próbę ukazania problematyki odbicia celów kształcenia formułowanych w obrębie międzywojennej dydaktyki jako dyscypliny w niektórych programach nauczania dla szkoły ogólnokształcącej w latach 1920-1922. W części trzeciej, zatytułowanej „Zakończenie” zawarto wnioski wynikające z badań