Penawaran Saham Perdana: Pengalaman Di Bursa Efek Jakarta 1990 – 1998

This study investigates initial and aftermarket performance of initial public offering (IPOs) for both short term and long term in the Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSE), from January 1990 to December 1998. This study considers market situation at the time of the issuance of IPOs. The short term performance measure of IPOs is tested using daily closing return (Rct), opening return (Rot), offering price to opening price, offering price to closing price and opening price to closing price criteria. The long term aftermarket performance of IPOs is measured using cumulative abnormal returns analysis, buy and hold market adjusted compounded returns, wealth relative, offering price to closing price and opening price to closing price. Using a sample of 233 IPOs in the Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSE), this study finds an average initial (offer-to-open) return of 10.948 percent (10.912 % adjusted return). The findings reveals a lower expected return from those found in developing and several developed markets. The short term aftermarket mean return based on daily closing mean return (Rct), opening mean return (Rot) and opening price to closing price, indicates that benefits of initial performance do not accrue to the secondary market traders. This result is consistent with studies of Barry and Jennings (1993) on the U.S. markets and Yong (1997) on the Malaysian market. The long run aftermarket performance of IPOs is found to be negative. This finding is supported by many IPOs results in the literature

Pengaruh Asimetri Informasi dan Tingkat Disclosure terhadap Biaya Ekuitas dengan Kepemilikan Manajerial sebagai Variabel Moderating (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia)

The objective of this research, the first to analyze the effect information asymmetric toward the cost of equity, the second to analyze the effect level of disclosure toward the cost of equity, and the third to analyze the effect the managerial ownership toward the cost of equity of the manufacturing industry which are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2010-2013. This research used samples of 35 manufacturing industry which are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. The sample selection method used purposive sampling method. The statistical testing were used by Partial Least Square (PLS. )The result of this research indicate that (1) information asymmetry have influences significanctly toward the cost of equity, (2) the level of disclosure don\u27t have influences significantly toward the cost of equity, and (3) the managerial ownership have influences significantly toward the cost of equity.DOI: 10.15408/ess.v5i2.233

The Impact of Corporate Culture on Marketing Performance

The purpose of this study is to determine the typology of corporate culture of Islamic banking. This study also aims to determine the influence of corporate culture of Islamic banking on marketing performance.This study proves that the corporate culture of Islamic banking that accommodates the Islamic teaching has influence on marketing performance.This study is a comparative study between Bank Muamalat and BNI Syariah. Mixed method is used in this study to analyze collected data. The primary data obtained through survey and interview with employees of the Islamic bank. While secondary data obtained from the annual report documentation, books and articles in scientific journals and other sources that relevant to the research

Πειραματική διερεύνηση της διαλυτότητας του διοξειδίου του άνθρακα σε υδατικά διαλύματα ανθρακικού καλίου με πρόσθετες αμίνες και αμινοξέα

Recent studies into the distribution of Xanthomonas species causing Bacterial Leaf Spot (BLS) in Australian solanaceous crops detail varied genomic profiles that may influence pathogenicity. These genomic studies are expanded upon here by reporting the pathogenicity, race and copper tolerance of the previously sequenced Xanthomonas strains. Capsicum (Yolo Wonder), tomato (Grosse Lisse) and differential lines of capsicum (Early Cal-Wonder) were used to determine pathogenicity and race. Copper tolerance of 44 Xanthomonas strains was measured by observing bacterial growth on copper sulphate amended media. Protein sequence associated with these traits was detected using genomic analysis and compared using protein alignments. Only strains of X. euvesicatoria (16 strains) were found to be pathogenic on both tomato and capsicum. These were determined to be race 4 and 9. High copper tolerance was detected in the majority of Xanthomonas strains tested. Multiple copper resistance and avirulence proteins were detected in genomic sequence. Relatively few of these were associated with plasmid sequences. The genomic basis for copper tolerance was determined to be complex, as the tolerance thresholds did not directly correlate with gene number or presence. Similarly, pathogenicity of the strains was also not always clearly linked with presence or absence of specific Avr genes. This study highlights the need for detailed and ongoing investigations into the function of these proteins and how they produce the phenotypes that affect crop production

Comparing Efficiency and Productivity in Islamic Banking : Case Study Indonesia, Malaysia and Pakistan

The objective of this research is to analyze both efficiency and productivity of Islamic Banking Industry in Indonesia, Malaysia and Pakistan. The technique that used in this research is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as for measuring efficiency and thus Malmquist Index (MI) as for measuring productivity. The result of this research found that Islamic Banking Industry in Indonesia is facing inefficiency that shown by five years average that is not reach 100% efficiency rate. Malaysia also experiences the problem of inefficiency but the condition is better compared to Indonesia. In five years, the efficiency rate of Malaysia Islamic Bank has not reach 100% efficiency rate. Pakistan among the closest country that could reach an efficient rate level for their Islamic banks. Pakistan close to reach 100% efficient rate within the last five years. DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v9i2.515

Altered patterns of senescence and ripening in gf, a stay-green mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

The gf tomato mutant, which retains chlorophyll during ripening, has been found to be affected in leaf senescence. The leaves of the gf mutant show an absolute stay-green phenotype. As leaf senescence and fruit ripening proceed, there is a marked difference in chlorophyll content between wild-type and gf. In both attached and detached leaf studies, or after treatment with ethylene, the leaves withered and abscised in gf with only slight loss of chlorophyll and carotenoids. Total protein content declined and free amino acids increased during leaf senescence in wild-type and gf, but Western analysis showed that LHCII polypeptides were retained at higher levels in gf. Expression of senescence-related mRNAs increased normally in gf whereas those for cab, rbcS and rbcL declined in both mutant and wild-type. The mutant possesses enzyme activity for chlorophyllase, the formation of phaeophorbide a by the action of Mg-dechelatase and the oxygenolytic opening of the porphyrin macrocycle. Analysis of chlorophyll breakdown products in fruit indicated that gf, like other stay-green mutants, accumulates chlorophyllides a and b, but phaeophorbide a does not accumulate in vivo. This may indicate that, in the mutant, in vivo the action of phaeophorbide a-oxygenase is somehow prevented, either by altered accessibility or transport of components required for thylakoid disassembly or the absence of another facto

Genomic sequence analysis reveals diversity of Australian Xanthomonas species associated with bacterial leaf spot of tomato, capsicum and chilli

The genetic diversity in Australian populations of Xanthomonas species associated with bacterial leaf spot in tomato, capsicum and chilli were compared to worldwide bacterial populations. The aim of this study was to confirm the identities of these Australian Xanthomonas species and classify them in comparison to overseas isolates. Analysis of whole genome sequence allows for the investigation of bacterial population structure, pathogenicity and gene exchange, resulting in better management strategies and biosecurity

Emergence of a New Population of Rathayibacter toxicus: An Ecologically Complex, Geographically Isolated Bacterium

Citation: Arif, M., Busot, G. Y., Mann, R., Rodoni, B., Liu, S. Z., & Stack, J. P. (2016). Emergence of a New Population of Rathayibacter toxicus: An Ecologically Complex, Geographically Isolated Bacterium. Plos One, 11(5), 20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156182Rathayibacter toxicus is a gram-positive bacterium that infects the floral parts of several Poaceae species in Australia. Bacterial ooze is often produced on the surface of infected plants and bacterial galls are produced in place of seed. R. toxicus is a regulated plant pathogen in the U.S. yet reliable detection and diagnostic tools are lacking. To better understand this geographically-isolated plant pathogen, genetic variation as a function of geographic location, host species, and date of isolation was determined for isolates collected over a forty-year period. Discriminant analyses of recently collected and archived isolates using Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) identified three populations of R. toxicus; RT-I and RT-II from South Australia and RT-III from Western Australia. Population RT-I, detected in 2013 and 2014 from the Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, is a newly emerged population of R. toxicus not previously reported. Commonly used housekeeping genes failed to discriminate among the R. toxicus isolates. However, strategically selected and genome-dispersed MLST genes representing an array of cellular functions from chromosome replication, antibiotic resistance and biosynthetic pathways to bacterial acquired immunity were discriminative. Genetic variation among isolates within the RT-I population was less than the within-population variation for the previously reported RT-II and RT-III populations. The lower relative genetic variation within the RT-I population and its absence from sampling over the past 40 years suggest its recent emergence. RT-I was the dominant population on the Yorke Peninsula during the 2013-2014 sampling period perhaps indicating a competitive advantage over the previously detected RT-II population. The potential for introduction of this bacterial plant pathogen into new geographic areas provide a rationale for understanding the ecological and evolutionary trajectories of R. toxicus

Muscular involvement assessed by MRI correlates to motor function measurement values in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy

Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is a progressive skeletal muscle dystrophy characterized by ptosis, dysphagia, and upper and lower extremity weakness. We examined eight genetically confirmed OPMD patients to detect a MRI pattern and correlate muscle involvement, with validated clinical evaluation methods. Physical assessment was performed using the Motor Function Measurement (MFM) scale. We imaged the lower extremities on a 1.5T scanner. Fatty replacement was graded on a 4-point visual scale. We found prominent affection of the adductor and hamstring muscles in the thigh, and soleus and gastrocnemius muscles in the lower leg. The MFM assessment showed relative mild clinical impairment, mostly affecting standing and transfers, while distal motor capacity was hardly affected. We observed a high (negative) correlation between the validated clinical scores and our visual imaging scores suggesting that quantitative and more objective muscle MRI might serve as outcome measure for clinical trials in muscular dystrophie