Inversion of a restricted transverse ray transform with sources on a curve

In this paper, a restricted transverse ray transform acting on vector and symmetric $m$-tensor fields is studied. We developed inversion algorithms using restricted transverse ray transform data to recover symmetric $m$-tensor fields in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and vector fields in $\mathbb{R}^n$. We restrict the transverse ray transform to all lines going through a fixed curve $\gamma$ that satisfies the Kirillov-Tuy condition. We show that the known restricted data can be used to reconstruct a specific weighted Radon transform of the unknown vector/tensor field's components, which we then use to explicitly recover the unknown field

An Economic Analysis on Marketing of Banana in Ghazipur District of Uttar Pradesh, India

The present study aims to present an Economic Analysis on Marketing of        Banana in Ghazipur District of Uttar Pradesh, India. It was founded that there are three marketing channels involved in marketing of banana in Ghazipur district of Uttar Pradesh (channe1- Producer-Consumer), (Channel 2- Producer- Commission Agent- Wholesaler- Retailer) and (Channel 3- Producer- Commission Agent- Retailer – Consumer). The majorly preferred marketing channel by respondents in the study area is Channel 3. In channel 1, total marketing cost is Rs. 31, marketing efficiency of channel 1 is 0 and Price spread seen in channel 1 is Rs.31. In channel 2, total marketing cost is Rs.285, marketing efficiency of channel 2 is 3.01 and Price spread seen in channel 2 is Rs.860.00. In channel 3, total marketing cost is Rs. 280, marketing efficiency of channel 3 is 2.69 and Price spread seen in channel 3 is Rs.755

FACTS placement for reactive power planning with weak node constraints using an improved symbiotic search algorithm

In this paper, an economically feasible and reliable operation of the IEEE 57 bus system for Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is proposed. The Improved Symbiotic Organisms Search (ISOS) algorithm is proposed for effective reactive power planning as an OPF issue. Further, the optimal position of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) is taken into consideration, by including the existing system controlling variables like reactive power generators output, transformer tapping and capacitors connected at shunt. The objective of the work is two-fold; i.e., to reduce the energy loss and to enhance the voltage profile within the prescribed limit by ensuring the economic operation and investment cost of FACTS in the system. In this work, two FACTS devices like Static Var Compensator (SVC) and Thyristor-Controlled Series Controller (TCSC) have been taken into consideration. Voltage sensitivity indicator and reactive power flow are two tools that are utilised in order to locate weak nodes for the implementation of FACTS. Finally, the performance of the ISOS algorithm is compared with that of three other state- of-the -art optimization techniques, such as, Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS), Differential Evolution (DE) and Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO). A Non-parametric statistical analysis is also performed to investigate the dominance of the ISOS algorithm over others