Colorectal Polyps in Carriers of the APC I1307K Polymorphism

The probability of colorectal cancer is moderately increased among carriers of the APC I1307K polymorphism. However, it is not known if endoscopic surveillance of this high-risk group is warranted. The prevalence of polyps and adenomas in specimens of colorectal cancer who are carriers and noncarriers of the APC I1307K polymorphism is compared.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41394/1/10350_2005_Article_167.pd

Quinolone Consumption by Mothers Increases Their Children’s Risk of Acquiring Quinolone-Resistant Bacteriuria

Abstract Background Quinolone resistance has been documented in the pediatric population, although their use is limited in children. This study investigated the effect of maternal quinolone use on gram-negative bacterial resistance to quinolones in their offspring. Methods We conducted a population-based, unmatched case-control study during 2010–2017. Cases were all children aged 0.5–17 years with community acquired, gram-negative quinolone-resistant bacteriuria. Controls were similar children with quinolone-sensitive bacteriuria. Only the first positive urine cultures for each child were included. Data on quinolones dispensed to the mother, any antibiotics dispensed to the children, age, sex, ethnicity, and prior hospitalizations were collected. Children with previous quinolone use were excluded. Results The study population consisted of 40 204 children. Quinolone resistance was detected in 2182 (5.3%) urine cultures. The median age was 5 years, with 93.7% females and 77.6% Jewish. A total of 26 937 (65%) of the children received any antibiotic and 1359 (3.2%) of the mothers received quinolones in the 6 months preceding bacteriuria. Independent risk factors were quinolone dispensed to the mothers (odds ratio [OR], 1.50 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.22–1.85]), Arab ethnicity (OR, 1.99 [95% CI, 1.81–2.19]), and antibiotic dispensed to the child (OR, 1.54 [95% CI, 1.38–1.71]). Compared with children aged 12–17 years, younger children had 1.33–1.43 increased odds for quinolone-resistant bacteriuria. Conclusions Quinolone prescription to mothers was linked to increased risk of community-acquired, quinolone-resistant bacteria in their offspring, by about 50%. This is another example of the deleterious ecological effects of antibiotic use and should be considered when prescribing antibiotics. </jats:sec

Abstract 5238: Impaired angiogenesis as a hallmark of prolonged tumor dormancy in a mouse model of human glioblastoma

Abstract Small sized, microscopic, non-invasive, avascular and therefore asymptomatic tumors can remain in their dormant stage for considerable period of time depending on numerous processes. One crucial mechanism underlying the transformation from a dormant phenotype to a fast-growing phenotype is the ability of the tumor cells to induce angiogenesis, a phenomenon termed as the “angiogenic switch”. Suspected dormant tumor-generating clone, derived from aggressive tumor-forming U-87 MG human glioblastoma cell line, was isolated using single-cell clone and identified by gene expression signature of dormant tumors (Almog et al., Cancer Research 2009). In order to evaluate the phenotypic differences between cell lines that generate dormant avascular tumors or fast-growing angiogenic tumors, we established a pair of mCherry-labeled human glioblastoma cell lines, U-87-D (Dormant) derived from the parental U-87-F (Fast-growing). While the two cell lines share similar growth rate in vitro, we found profound differences in tumor growth pattern when injected into mice. U-87-F established palpable and vascularized tumors only few days following inoculation, whereas U-87-D-generated tumors remained at a small size for more than 100 days. We further characterized both cell lines using migration, invasion and capillary-like tube formation assays in vitro. Major differences in invasiveness via a monolayer of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were found. Furthermore, considerably increased number of tube-like structures formed from HUVEC were observed in the presence of U-87-F conditioned media (CM), compared with those formed in the presence of U-87-D CM. Similarly, HUVEC migration towards U-87-F CM was significantly higher compared with that towards U-87-D CM. Next, we utilized non-invasive intravital imaging to evaluate tumor progression, and non-invasive endo-microscopy imaging, as well as microbubbles contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging, to track the blood flow within the tumor and blood vessels morphology at the tumor microenvironment. We concluded that the dormant and fast-growing tumors displayed distinct differences in their angiogenic potential leading to highly diverse tumor progression profiles when injected into mice. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5238. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5238</jats:p