Narratives of Legitimacy: Political Discourse in the Early Phase of the Troubles in Northern Ireland

This article examines the discursive construction of legitimacy in the early phase of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. The empirical material covers the debate on internment without trial from 1971 till 1975 – a debate which involved conflicting claims of legitimacy. Some strongly defended internment as a legitimate step in the fight against the IRA, whilst others regarded it as an illegitimate measure employed by a corrupt political regime. These conflicting claims of legitimacy entailed a conceptual battle concerned with the construction and authorisation of political order. The article explores this battle along three dimensions: law, violence, and democracy

Nothing to complain about? : residents’ and relatives’ viewson a "good life" and ethical challenges in nursing homes

Background: Nursing home residents are a vulnerable population. Most of them suffer from multimorbidity, while many have cognitive impairment or dementia and need care around the clock. Several ethical challenges in nursing homes have been described in the scientific literature. Most studies have used staff members as informants, some have focused on the relatives’ view, but substantial knowledge about the residents’ perspective is lacking. Objective: To study what nursing home residents and their relatives perceive as ethical challenges in Norwegian nursing homes. Research design: A qualitative design with in-depth interviews with nursing home residents, and focusgroup interviews with relatives of nursing home residents. The digitally recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. Analysis was based on Interpretive Description. Participants and research context: A total of 25 nursing home residents from nine nursing homes in Norway, and 18 relatives of nursing home residents from three of these nursing homes. Ethical considerations: This study was reported to and approved by the Regional Ethics Committee in Oslo, Norway. Findings and discussion: The main ethical challenges in Norwegian nursing homes from the residents’ and relatives’ perspective were as follows: (a) acceptance and adaptation, (b) well-being and a good life, (c) autonomy and self-determination, and (d) lack of resources. The relationship with the staff was of outmost importance and was experienced as both rewarding and problematic. None of the residents in our study mentioned ethical challenges connected to end-of-life care. Conclusion: Residents and relatives experience ethical challenges in Norwegian nursing homes, mostly connected to "everyday ethical issues.

Markering av minoriteters høytider i barnehagen: en undersøkelse av forholdet mellom rammeplan og praksis

Denne artikkelen bygger på undersøkelsen «Høytidsmarkeringer i barnehager på Helgeland. Resultatene fra undersøkelsen viser at flere barnehager ikke markerer høytider knyttet til andre religioner og tradisjoner enn kristendommen, selv om andre religioner er representert i barnegruppen. Dette til tross for at Rammeplanen for barnehagens oppgaver og innhold eksplisitt sier at dette skal gjøres. I artikkelen undersøker vi hvordan barnehagens praksis påvirkes av de ansattes kjennskap til, tolkning av og holdning til rammeplanens krav om høytidsmarkeringer. Våre funn viser at de aktuelle barnehagene er opptatt av å følge rammeplanen, men at forståelsen av rammeplanens krav varierer. Men også der barnehagene er klar over kravet til høytidsmarkering ser vi at det likevel ikke blir markert. Vi setter disse funnene i sammenheng med andre barnehageundersøkelser og konkluderer med at det ikke ser ut til at rammeplanens krav alene kan føre til endring på dette området, selv om de er eksplisitte

Rosland Hassinger to James Meredith (30 September 1962)

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/mercorr_pro/1259/thumbnail.jp

A comparison of the spatial ecology, trophic ecology, and hypoxia tolerance of Velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) and Blackmouth catshark (Galeus melastomus) in Norwegian fjords.

Climate change and ocean warming are major drivers of deoxygenation in the ocean, and the effects of oxygen loss are more pronounced in fjords due to the basic fjord topography. Velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax) and Blackmouth catshark (Galeus melastomus) are common sharks in western Norwegian fjords, and though the ecology of these sharks has been more extensively studied elsewhere, studies from Norwegian fjords and in oxygen poor environments are lacking. This study uses survey data in combination with stomach content analysis and stable isotopes to explore and compare the spatial and trophic ecology, energetic physiology, and hypoxia tolerance of the two sharks. Abundance data include samples from 2020-2021 from Fensfjord and 2011-2021 from Masfjord where an extensive basin water oxygen loss occurred. While E. spinax presented a broad vertical distribution that extend from the seafloor and into the pelagic zone, G. melastomus was found to live and feed along the bottom. A clear difference was found in the species’ diet, which was further demonstrated by their stable isotope signatures that presented G. melastomus to feed at one trophic level higher than E. spinax. Stomach content revealed a benthic associated diet of G. melastomus and a more pelagic diet of E. spinax. Furthermore, results show that E. spinax had a more efficient energy storage with a hepatosomatic index (HSI) of 20% and a water content of only 8%. In comparison, G. melastomus had an average HSI of 5% and a water content of ~30%. Most surprisingly our dataset revealed no clear effects of low oxygen levels on the ecology of either shark species. Our results increase the knowledge on these species and fill knowledge gaps on their ecology and hypoxia tolerance, especially in Norwegian fjords where information previously has been lacking. Increased knowledge on these species in hypoxic conditions is essential for future management purposes as the effects of climate change further accelerate.Masteroppgave i biologiBIO399MAMN-HAVSJMAMN-BI

Peramalan Kemasukan Penagih Dadah Wanita Ke Pusat Serenti Kemumin, Pengkalan Chepa, Kelantan

This study is a scientific analysis to forecast the inflow of female drug addict to Pusat Serenti Kemumin, Pengkalan Chepa, Kelantan from year 2002 to 2006. The objective of the study is to identify a suitable model as well as to identify a suitable model as well as to study the expected number admission of female drug addict within the duration. The four selected and tested model in the study is the Moving Average. Weighted Moving Average, Exponential Smoothing and Linear Regression. The smallest value of the Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) will be chosen as most suitable method. The most suitable method is the Linear Regression. The study showed the inflow of female drug addict increase totally. Female drug addict admission that was classified as the new drug addict is also on an increase

The Rheological Impact of Polymers and Salt on Xanthan Gum in Drilling Fluids

Drilling fluids serve a vital role during drilling operations. They are divided into water based muds (WBM) and oil based muds, the choice between them depends on specific project needs. Xanthan gum is a highly popular WBM additive due to its high viscosity at low concentrations. It also has a good salt tolerance and exhibits the desirable pseudoplastic behavior of a drilling fluid. This thesis presents a study that investigates how xanthan gum is affected by polymers and salts. Using an aqueous xanthan gum base, 16 samples were prepared. By adding various combinations of polymers and salts, the rheology of the fluids was tested. Shear stress measurements using a viscometer are conducted. Hot rolling to simulate mechanical and thermal wear is done. The linear viscoelastic region of selected samples is analyzed using a rheometer. Additionally, measurements using zeta potential apparatus are performed. The results show that salts improve the fluids stability and decreases the yield stress. However, CaCl2 seemed to have a degradable effect on the fluid when using a cellulose based polymer. The study finds indications that starch based polymers bond better with xanthan gum compared to cellulose based polymers.Drilling fluids serve a vital role during drilling operations. They are divided into water based muds (WBM) and oil based muds, the choice between them depends on specific project needs. Xanthan gum is a highly popular WBM additive due to its high viscosity at low concentrations. It also has a good salt tolerance and exhibits the desirable pseudoplastic behavior of a drilling fluid. This thesis presents a study that investigates how xanthan gum is affected by polymers and salts. Using an aqueous xanthan gum base, 16 samples were prepared. By adding various combinations of polymers and salts, the rheology of the fluids was tested. Shear stress measurements using a viscometer are conducted. Hot rolling to simulate mechanical and thermal wear is done. The linear viscoelastic region of selected samples is analyzed using a rheometer. Additionally, measurements using zeta potential apparatus are performed. The results show that salts improve the fluids stability and decreases the yield stress. However, CaCl2 seemed to have a degradable effect on the fluid when using a cellulose based polymer. The study finds indications that starch based polymers bond better with xanthan gum compared to cellulose based polymers

In search of the people: The formation of legitimacy and identity in the debate on internment in Northern Ireland

The identification of and with “the people” has important effects in political discourse. It works to legitimise political goals; it constructs inclusion and identity, and it produces exclusion of those who do not fit the characteristics attached to “the people.” The current article examines how different concepts of ‘the people’ were constructed by various political groups in Northern Ireland in the debate on internment in the early 1970s. Internment was introduced in August 1971 in order to curb the escalating conflict, but came to increase rather than reduce the level of conflict. The article discusses how exclusionary concepts of “the people” worked to widen the gulf between the groups, and identifies four main sets of “peoples” constructed in the debate: “the loyal people,” “the responsible people,” “the moral people” and “the risen people.”publishedVersio

A pan-European survey of research in end-of-life cancer care

To date, there is no coordinated strategy for end-of-life (EOL) cancer care research in Europe. The PRISMA (Reflecting the Positive Diversities of European Priorities for Research and Measurement in End-of-life Care) project is aiming to develop a programme integrating research and measurement in EOL care. This survey aimed to map and describe present EOL cancer care research in Europe and to identify priorities and barriers. A questionnaire of 62 questions was developed and 201 researchers in 41 European countries were invited to complete it online in May 2009. An open invitation to participate was posted on the internet. Invited contacts in 36 countries sent 127 replies; eight additional responses came through websites. A total of 127 responses were eligible for analysis. Respondents were 69 male and 58 female, mean age 49 (28-74) years; 85% of the scientific team leaders were physicians. Seventy-one of 127 research groups were located in a teaching hospital or cancer centre. Forty-five percent of the groups had only one to five members and 28% six to ten members. Sixty-three of 92 groups reported specific funding for EOL care research. Seventy-five percent of the groups had published papers in journals with impact factor a parts per thousand currency sign5 in the last 3 years; 8% had published in journals with impact factor > 10. Forty-four out of 90 groups reported at least one completed Ph.D. in the last 3 years. The most frequently reported active research areas were pain, assessment and measurement tools, and last days of life and quality of death. Very similar areas-last days of life and quality of death, pain, fatigue and cachexia, and assessment and measurement tools-were ranked as the most important research priorities. The most important research barriers were lack of funding, lack of time, and insufficient knowledge/expertise. Most research groups in EOL care are small. The few large groups (14%) had almost half of the reported publications, and more than half of the current Ph.D. students. There is a lack of a common strategy and coordination in EOL cancer care research and a great need for international collaboration

Optimizing Production Scheduling of Hybrid Wind-Hydro Systems with Environmental Considerations

Verden jobber mot bærekraftig kraftproduksjon og andelen av fornybare energikilder øker betydelig. Dette medfører utfordringer for kraftselskap, nettoperatører, og energiprodusenter, gitt redusert fleksibilitet og væravhengighet ved fornybare energikilder. I lys av disse utfordringene blir modellering og styring av kraftproduksjon stadig mer komplisert, noe som krever økt vektlegging av samtidige vurderinger og mål, samt teknikker for beslutningstaking. Koordinering av produksjon, utvikling av sofistikerte løsninger for lagring og styrking av kontrollsystemer er eksempler på tiltak som støtter utviklingen mot pålitelig drift av strømnettet. Denne masteroppgaven tar utgangspunkt i en samkjørende simuleringsmodell bestående av en flerobjektiv lineær optimeringsmodell som koordinerer drift av et kombinert vind- og vannkraftverk. I tillegg inneholder modellen et verktøy som beregner ulike kontrollfunksjoner for vindparken. Videre inkluderer optimeringsmodellen en pumpe for å forbedre systemets fleksibilitet ettersom kraftverkene er tilknyttet nettet med begrenset overføringskapasitet. En case-studie satt i Nord-Norge simuleres for å vurdere hvordan samkjøring av vind- og vannkraft påvirker den samlede genererte inntekten og akkumulert skade på vindturbinene. De nye bidragene, som ser på påvirkning av ulike miljøbegrensninger, utvider studien for å sette søkelys på økende bevissthet og kritikk mot hvordan bærekaftig produksjon påvirker lokale økosystemer og dyreliv. Resultatene i dette prosjektet viser en generell reduksjon i skade på turbinene ved å ta hensyn til miljømessige begrensninger. Dette gir også en reduksjon i genererte inntekter fra systemet. Begge kraftverkene tvinges til å redusere produksjon på maks kapasitet og eksport fordeles dermed mer jevnt gjennom året. Dette resulterer i en generell reduksjon av vindkraftproduksjon i alle løsningene med miljøhensyn.Videre reduseres eksport av vannkraft med omtrent 10% i løsningen hvor skader på vindturbinene minimeres. I lys av disse konsekvensene opererer pumpa 11.30% oftere under miljøkravene sammenlignet med scenarioet som ser bort fra miljøhensyn. Dette forbedrer fleksibiliteten til systemet og reduserer tapene av vindkraft når vannkraftproduksjon opptar større deler av den begrensede overføringskapasiteten. Det kommer også frem at miljømessige hensyn endrer løsningsrommet slik at de optimale løsningene som tilhører enkelte prioriteringer justeres. For eksempel vekt 4, som skifter fra løsning 2 i basis scenarioet til løsning 1 med miljøhensyn. Dette gir en merkbar nedgang på 55-56% i akkumulert skade på vindturbinene. Denne utviklingen skjer derimot på bekostning av generert inntekt som reduseres med 20-22%.The proportion of Variable Renewable Energy Sources (VRES) is significantly increasing in the global shift towards sustainable power systems. Due to the limited operational flexibility and vulnerability of renewable sources, this creates challenges for grid operators, regulators, and producers. Given these challenges, the modeling and control of power production are becoming increasingly complex, requiring the simultaneous consideration of multiple objectives and decision-making techniques. Coordinating electricity generation, developing sophisticated storage solutions, and strengthening control mechanisms are all aspects supporting the development of reliable grid operation. The premise of this research is built upon a co-simulation framework consisting of a Multi-Objective Linear Programming (MOLP) model coordinating the operation of a hybrid wind and hydropower system, along with a simulation tool integrating quasi-dynamic wind farm control strategies. The optimization model incorporates a Pumped Hydro Storage (PHS) system to enhance system flexibility as the power system is connected to a local grid with limited transmission capacity. This study revolves around a case study set in an appropriate location in Northern Norway, chosen to estimate how the hybrid operation of wind and hydropower influences the objectives of revenue generation and turbine damage accumulation. Moreover, the extensions considering various environmental impacts, widen the scope of the study to address the increasing awareness and criticism of the impacts of VRES on neighboring ecosystems and wildlife. The results reveal a general decline in turbine damage from considering the environmental constraints, following a reduction in generated revenue. Both power plants are forced to reduce peak production and distribute exports more evenly in the simulated year. As a result, wind power exports experience a general decline in all environmental scenarios. Additionally, hydropower exports are reduced by up to 10% after introducing the environmental aspects. This results in an 11.30% increase in pump usage compared to the environment-agnostic scheduling, leveraging more of the available wind power. This improves flexibility and reduces wind curtailment when hydropower production covers an increasing share of the limited transmission capacity. It can further be observed how introducing additional constraints changes the Pareto front such that the optimal solutions for some defined weights change. For instance, weight 4 shifts from solution 2 for the base case to solution 1 with environmental considerations, giving a noticeable 55-56% reduction in damage accumulation. However, this occurs at the expense of a substantial 20-22% decline in generated revenue