Urban Heat Island dan Upaya Penanganannya

Abstrak: Fenomena urban heat island (UHI) merupakan suatu fenomena yang banyak di kaji oleh para pengkaji iklim di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Fenomena ini ditandai dengan semakin meningkatnya suhu kawasan pusat kota dibandingkan dengan kawasan di sekitarnya . Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian diketahui bahwa fenomena ini merupakan salah satu sumber utama yang menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan suhu bumi atau pemanasan global (Tursi lowati, 2012) . Fenomena ini terus meningkat seiring dengan terjadinya urbanisasi dan pertumbuhan kota. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan upaya sepert i pengadaan green open space (GOS ) , dinding putih atau atap putih bagi rumah dan kantor, roof gorden , dan lain-lain. Hal tersebut dilakukan untuk menekan laju peningkatan fenomena tersebut

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PENEMUAN TERBIMBING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN DAN SIKAP MATEMATIS SISWA : Kuasi Eksperimen pada Siswa Kelas V SDN Inpres Lembang dan SDN Mekarwangi di Kecamatan Lembang

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan penalaran dan sikap siswa dalam belajar matematika yang cenderung negatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dapat meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran serta sikap matematis siswa secara lebih baik dibandingkan siswa yang belajar matematika dengan cara konvensional. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan melibatkan 62 siswa kelas V SD pada dua sekolah di kecamatan Lembang. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan instrumen tes, angket sikap matematis dan lembar observasi aktivitas pembelajaran. Data tes dan angket sikap matematis dianalisis secara statistik, dengan menggunakan uji perbedaan dua rata-rata (uji-t). Lembar observasi dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk mengetahui aktivitas pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru dan aktivitas siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran dengan model penemuan terbimbing. Hasil analisis dan uji hipotesis dapat disimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan hasil uji perbedaan dua rata-rata terhadap skor tes kemampuan penalaran matematis dan skor sikap matematis siswa diperoleh peningkatan kemampuan penalaran serta sikap matematis siswa pada kelas dengan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan peningkatan pada kelas konvensional. Data hasil observasi diketahui bahwa aktivitas pembelajaran meningkat pada setiap pertemuannya. Akhirnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing terbukti dapat meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran dan sikap matematis siswa di kelas V SD. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pembelajaran matematika dengan model penemuan terbimbing dapat diterapkan sebagai upaya meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran dan sikap matematis siswa. Kata Kunci: Model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing, kemampuan penalaran matematis, sikap matematis. This research is initiated by the students’ reasoning and disposition which tend to be low and negative in learning mathematics. This research aims to compare whether students taught using guided discovery learning model perform better in mathematical reasoning and disposition compared to students taught using conventional learning model. This research employed quasi-experimental design involving 62 fifth grade students from two different elementary schools in Lembang. The data were collected by utilizing a test, a questionnaire and an observation sheet. The data obtained from the test and questionnaire were analyzed statistically using T-test to see two different average values and the data obtained from the observation sheet were analyzed qualitatively in order to look into the teaching and learning process performed by the students and teacher using guided discovery learning model. The result of the analysis and t-test showed that there were two different average scores in which the students taught using guided discovery learning model achieve higher scores in terms of mathematical reasoning and disposition compared to students taught using conventional learning model. The observation sheet also showed that the students’ learning activities have increased in each meeting. As a result, the implementation of guided discovery learning model can improve the mathematical reasoning and disposition of the fifth grade students of elementary schools. This research strongly recommend that the guided discovery learning model should be implemented to improve the students’ mathematical reasoning and disposition. Keywords: guided discovery learning model, mathematical reasoning, mathematical disposition

COASTAL COOMUNITY EMPOWERMENT THROUGH PROMOTION OF INDUSTRIAL HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS PROCESSED FISHERY : IBW IN DISTRICT SUPPA, PINRANG

ABSTRACT: Unitary republic of indonesia (NKRI) is a maritime nation potentally sizable marine resources. Pinrang, south sulawesi is one area in indonesia, which has a fairly extensive coastal region, with a long coastline. However, this great potential has not been able to provide for the public welfare, increase local revenue, and foreign exchange. Therefore, conducted this activity to the community empowerment in coastal areas in the district Suppa Pinrang through science and technology program for the region (TRW). This activity was conducted over three years beginning in 2012-2014 by using demonstration plots, training, and mentoring. Outcomes of the activities include two aspect namely : (1) increase the skills to process the results of marine fisheries and conduct better business management; (2) goods of processed fishery and marine suppa typical form of shredded fish, fish crackers, and fish balls. The results achieved are trained independence and provide insight and knowledge to the public about how to cultivate and manage the businesses associated with the results of marine fisheries. Finally, these activities have a positive effect for the improvement of people’s income, especially groups of partners with increased average income is IRD. 750.000,-. This value is still very low when compared to local minimum wage (UMR), but for the value of coastal communities is very significant, especially for those who previously did not have the incom

TEMPERATURE TREND ANALISIS IN JAKARTA CITY: 1981-2010

Abstract: The phenomenon of the increase in temperature is one object of study microclimate. This phenomenon occurs, in almost all major cities in the world, including in the city of Jakarta. The study was conducted in Jakarta by using secondary data for 30 years (1981-2010) at three stations namely Kemayoran, Pondok Betung, and Serang. The results showed a highly significant increase in temperature, especially in Kemayoran stations with R2= 0975, and the Pondok Betung station with R2= 0.972 at confidence level of 0.01. Meanwhile, the Serang station value is R = 0324. Significant temperature increase mainly occurred on minimum temperature impact on decreasing the temperature of max-min especially at Kemayoran Station with R2= 0394 on the confidence level of 0.01. Meanwhile, the station is Pondok Betung and Serang less significant with each value of R2 = 0.06 and 0.055 at 0.05 level. Significant temperature increase primarily in downtown and the suburbs, indicating the need for mitigation efforts both by the government or the local community. This is done to reduce the rate of increase in temperature in the city of Jakarta

RAINFALL SEASONALITY INDEX FOR SOUTH SULAWESI PROVINCE, INDONESIA, 1982-2012

ABSTRACT Spatial and temporal variability of rainfall for any region in the world are very important with regards to planning for various sectors including water supply and agriculture demands. The aims of this paper are to study the spatial and temporal variability of seasonality of rainfall and its relation to rainfall regimes within the South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Data for the 64 rainfall stations for the 29 years (1983 – 2012) were used in order to calculate the SI for the whole of the South Sulawesi area. In general, the result showed that the dominance SI was the seasonal rainfall regime of 0.60 to 0.79 especially in the central region of the South Sulawesi. Furthermore, the rainfall regimes of rather seasonal with a short drier season (0.40 – 0.59) and markedly seasonal with a long drier season (0.80 – 0.99) were calculated for the northern part and Western part of the South Sulawesi Province, respectively. One significant finding was that the entire province did not experience a rainfall regime of very equable and equable but with a definite wetter season. However, a more extreme rainfall regime of ≥ 1.0 (3 months or less rainfall) was calculated for the southern part of the South Sulawesi Province. The rainfall data were divided into three periods with the 1983 – 1992 and 2003 – 2012 periods showed a more rather seasonal with a short drier season (0.40 – 0.59). For the period of 1993 – 2002 the dominance SI was seasonal rainfall regime. Based on these findings, it is clearly indicated that certain region of the South Sulawesi Province, especially for the southern part experienced a longer drier season in a single year, implying that the region could be experienced less water supply for domestic as well as for the agricultural sectors

Pengembangan Potensi Masyarakat melalui Penerapan Sistem Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Kecamatan Bukal Kabupaten Buol Propinsi Sulawesi Tengah

Program           Kemitraan Wilayah (PKW) yang sebelumnya bernama Ipteks bagi wilayah (IbW) di Kecamatan Bukal Kabupaten Buol dilakukan berdasarkan Kenyataan yang ada dalam  masyarakat yakni: masih sebagian besar hidup dalam ketidakberdayaan ekonomi,  potensi masyarakat dan sumberdaya alam lingkungannya cukup tersedia belum termanfaatkan dengan baik dan arif, penatakelolaan sumber-sumber potensi ekonomi proposional dan profesional.   Berdasarkan aspek-aspek tersebut diatas PKW Kecamatan Bukal Kabupaten Buol dilaksanakan agar dapat mendorong masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan potensi SDA yang dimiliki secara baik dan arif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraannya.  PKW Kecamatan Bukal Kabupaten Buol dimaksudkan untuk mendorong masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan potensi SDA yang dimiliki secara baik dan arif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraannya. PKW Kecamatan Bukal berlangsung selama 3 tahun yakni tahun I (tahun 2016) dengan kegiatan berupa sosialisasi  kepada aparat pemerintah Kabupaten Buol dan kepada masyarakat di 2 desa di wilayah Kecamatan Bukal yakni Desa Mooyong dan Desa Modo serta program pemberdayaan masyarakat berupa penyuluhan dan pelatihan, demonstrasi  dan demplot teknologi pertanian.  Pada tahun kedua (tahun 2017) telah dilaksanakan kegiatan penyebarluasan teknologi pertanian dan teknologi tepat guna serta home industry  kepada anggota masyarakat serta rintisan kewirausahaan bagi  masyarakat. Pada tahun  ketiga (tahun 2018) dilaksanakan pengembangan produk kelompok masyarakat berupa pelabelan, promosi dan pemasaran hasil produk PKW.  Selain itu juga dilakukan pengembangan rumput hijuan ternak dan renovasi kandang ternak masyarakat. Metode yang diterapkan pada PKW tahun ketiga (tahun 2018) adalah pendampingan  dan pembinaan masyarakat yang  difokuskan  kepada kelompok tani, peternak dan kelompok TTG serta home industry yang telah memiliki kegiatan USAha dari hasil pelaksanaan PKW tahun pertama dan kedua (2016-2017). Hasil pelaksanaan PKW tahun ketiga (tahun 2018) di Kecamatan Bukal telah dilakukan pendampingan masyarakat dalam pengembangan kegiatan produktif masyarakat. Kegiatan produktif masyarakat tersebut adalah pengembangan dan penyebarluasan budidaya jagung,  pengembangan bioinsektisida dan biofungisida, pengembangan pupuk organik cair dan pupuk organik granul, dan pengembangan hijauan untuk pakan ternak, dan pelabelan, promosi serta pemasaran hasil produk masyarakat berupa jagung pipilan, biokultur, dan berbagai pupuk kandang granu

Uji Daya Hambat Aspergillus Niger Pada Berbagai Bahan Pembawa Terhadap Phytopththora Palmivora Penyebab Busuk Buah Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.)

Cocoa pod disease (BBK) caused by the fungus Phytophthora palmivora is one of the prime diseases that can affect cocoa production systems in the world . This disease can cause yield losses of up to 90 % , especially in the rainy season and the dry season. The objective of the research is to determine theinhibitor abilityof fungus A. Niger in various carriesr and storage time durationonPhytophtora palmivora causing rotten disease of cocoa. This is an experimental research designed by using Random Complete Design with factorial patern, that were carries and storage period with 3 replication, factor 1: (P0 = control), (P1 = white glutinous rice flour + cassava starch), (P2 = cassava starch). (P3 = white glutinous rice flour + sweet corn flour), (P4 = white glutinous rice flour), (P5 = ripe coconut flour). Factor 2: (A1 = 1 week storage period), (A2 = 2 weeks storage period), (A3 = 3 weeks storage period), (A4 = 4 weeks storage period). Result of the research showed that the carrier of white glutinous rice flour + sweet corn flour (P3) and ripe coconut flour (P5) and in A3 storage period (3 weeks) is more effective to inhibiting P.palmivora growth, therefore can be used as a carrier to support A.Niger fungus growth

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Schistosomiasis di Dataran Tinggi Bada Kabupaten Poso Sulawesi Tengah

Schistosmiasis transmission occured due to contribution of some related factors. This study was observational study with cross sectional design that aimed to identify knowledge, attitude and practice of community to schistosmiasis in Bada Highland. Data collection was conducted by stool survey and interview using questioner on 246 respondent that choosen by simple random sampling o identify the risk factors of schistosomiasis incidence. The result showed positive practices that related to schistosomiasis incidence that were defecation in hygiene latrine (p=0,001) and wearing the protection tools while went to the focus area (p<0,001). The negative practice that related to schistosomiasis that were take a bath / wash in the river (p=<0,001). These result indicate that activities by defecation in hygiene latrine and wearing the protection tools while went to the focus area decrease schistosomiasis whereas take a bath/wash in the river reducting the transmission schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis transmission was related to practice such as defecation in hygiene latrine, take a bath/wash in the river and wearing the protection tools while went to the focus area

Beberapa Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Penularan Schistosoma Japonicum Di Dataran Tinggi Napu Kabupaten Poso Sulawesi Tengah

. The transmission of schistosomiasis is related with human behavior or habit factors in the schistosomiasis endemic area. The Purpose of this study was to identify several factors in relationship with schistosomiasis in Napu Highland. The Study was observational with cross sectional design. Data collection were coducted stool survey and interviewes in among 196 respondents using simple random sampling. Stool samples were examined by the Kato-Katz method and interviewed was used questionnaire to identify several factors in realtionship with schistosomiasis transmission. Out of 6 community behaviours suspected to contribute to infection of schistosomiasis, 5 were related with schistosomiasis, i. e. the habit of taking a bath and washing in the river (p=<0.001), always going to the focus area (p=0.04),utilizing water resources from well (p=0.001), washing legs or hand in the river(p=<0.001) and swimming (p=0.007). Schistosomiasis infection was related to the community behaviour of bathing and washing in the river, always going to the focus area, utilizing water resources from well, washing legs or hand in the river and swimming

Peningkatan Peranserta Masyarakat dalam Pelaksanaan Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk Dbd (Psn-dbd) di Dua Kelurahan di Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still one of the most important public health problem in Indonesia. Disease control efforts have been widely carried out, such as larvaciding, fogging focus, and mosquito breeding control. The efforts will be performing well if its involves community participation. The objectives of this study was to enhance community participation in the implementation of the mosquito control program of Dengue Hemorrhagic fever in Palupi and Singgani villages, Palu. The research design is a quasi experimental to analyze the difference between two approach, i.e. larvae surveyors (in Indonesia called as Jumantik) empowerment and the participation of the community leadres (in Indonesia called Ketua RT). Mosquito larvae survey was conducted with a single larval method. The population in this tsudy is all house in the two villages. Sample are consist of 100 houses in each village which were randomly selected. The result showed that during the first larvae survey in Palupi village, the larva-free rate (ABJ) was 68% with the result of CI, HI and BI were 20.81%, 32% and 46 respectively. In the village of Siranindi, the number of larva-free rate was 78%, with CI 19.64%, HI 22% and BI 33. At the seven weeks after the intervention with community participation suggests that the larva-free rate in Palupi village was became 89%, with the number of CI 3.67%, HI 11% and BI 1%. While in Siranindi village, the larva-free rate was 85% with the CI, HI and BI were 8.4%, 15% and 21% respectively. According to that result, the most effective of community participation on DHF vector control is larva monitors (jumantik) empowerment