When a child's parent is incarcerated (2008)

"Information from Human Environmental Sciences Extension.""This guide was written by Tanja Rothrauff, graduate student, Human Development and Family Studies, University of Missouri. Megan Roodhouse, Human Development and Family Studies Extension, and Brian Bowles, MU Extension's ParentLink, reviewed this guide.""Human development."New 4/08/2M

Tips for school success : common questions for grandparents (2008)

"Information from Human Environmental Sciences Extension.""Human development."New 4/08/2M

Beliefs about intergenerational assistance following divorce and remarriage: does race and ethnicity matter?

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (July 11, 2006)Includes bibliographical references.Vita.Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia 2005.Dissertations, Academic -- University of Missouri--Columbia -- Human development and family studies.Most researchers who have studied beliefs about intergenerational assistance have studied primarily white European Americans living in nuclear families rather than diverse racial and ethnic groups. The purpose of this thesis was to compare racial and ethnic similarities and differences in beliefs and reasoning about intergenerational assistance following divorce and remarriage. A nationally representative sample (n = 3316) was drawn using random digit dialing. White European Americans, African Americans, Asian Americans, and Latinos responded to vignettes in which older (step)parents needed help from adult (step)children. Overall, results indicated more similarities than differences in beliefs and reasoning about intergenerational assistance between the four groups. Future studies should examine more diverse tasks and contexts that may elicit different responses between groups; how familism may be applied differently to kin versus step-kin; and the influence of acculturation on Latinos' and Asian Americans' beliefs about intergenerational assistance

Extracellular Matrix-Enhanced Biomimetic Scaffolds for Tissue-Specific Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering

The work contained herein sought to combine soluble extracellular matrices (ECMs) derived from decellularized musculoskeletal tissues with biomimetic scaffolds for the purpose of orthopaedic tissue engineering. More broadly, tissue engineering combines cells, scaffolds, and biomolecules (e.g., growth factors and cytokines) to restore or replace biological tissues. Scaffolds derived from decellularized tissues provide cells with the biophysical and biochemical motifs that constitute the ECM of the native tissue, in turn promoting homologous (i.e., tissue-specific) cell phenotypes. However, decellularized whole tissues are limited in clinical use due to poor cell infiltration and constrained geometries. On the other hand, decellularized tissues can be pulverized or solubilized to theoretically provide a tissue-specific supplement that, in combination with biomimetic scaffolds, promotes homologous neotissue formation in a tissue defect regardless of shape or size. Nevertheless, the retention of tissue-specific bioactivity following solubilization of ECMs remains uncertain. In particular, few studies have explored the tissue-specific bioactivity of soluble ECM derived from decellularized musculoskeletal tissues. In this thesis, tendon, hyaline cartilage, and knee menisci were decellularized and solubilized through one of two methods – (1) urea extraction or (2) pepsin digestion. When added as medium supplements to in vitro cultures of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) grown on two-dimensional (2D) plastic or as 3D MSC pellets, only urea-extracted ECM fractions promoted tissue-specific differentiation. Urea-extracted fractions of ECM derived from the inner and outer halves of the meniscus exerted region-specific effects, in agreement with the regional variations in ultrastructure, biochemical composition, and cell phenotype seen in native menisci. The soluble ECMs further enhanced tissue-specific differentiation when combined with biomimetic scaffolds, including aligned electrospun nanofibers to mimic tendon and photocrosslinkable hydrogels to mimic hyaline cartilage and inner meniscus. Additionally, soluble ECMs interacted synergistically with transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) when provided as an exogenous supplement. Taken together, the work contained herein begins to elucidate the mechanisms by which soluble ECMs promote tissue specific effects and provides support for their use in orthopaedic tissue engineering

Older childless adults' inter-vivos transfers of emotional, instrumental, and financial support and predictors of giving to kin and non-kin

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on February 24, 2010).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Dissertation advisor: Dr. Lawrence Ganong.Vita.Ph.D. University of Missouri--Columbia 2008.Inter-vivos transfers, or support given to others during a person's lifetime, are vital to the economy, public resource preservation, and social policies. The increasing prevalence of childlessness among older adults and their often ample resources warrant an investigation into their inter-vivos transfers and an understanding of predictors of giving. This dissertation explored mid- to later-life childless adults' (N = 339) inter-vivos transfers of emotional, instrumental, and financial support to kin and non-kin and examined two individual-level and six social-level predictors of making those transfers using data from the second wave of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS2). In addition, the relationship between inter-vivos transfers, social-level predictors of giving, and the childless adults' sex and marital status were identified. Results indicated more similarities than differences in giving between childless women and childless men as well as between ever married and never married childless adults, none of the social-level predictors were related to inter-vivos transfers, and sex and marital status rarely moderated the relationship between inter-vivos transfers and the social-level predictors of giving.Includes bibliographical references

Treatment After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Panther Symposium ACL Treatment Consensus Group

© The Author(s) 2020. Treatment strategies for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries continue to evolve. Evidence supporting best-practice guidelines for the management of ACL injury is to a large extent based on studies with low-level evidence. An international consensus group of experts was convened to collaboratively advance toward consensus opinions regarding the best available evidence on operative versus nonoperative treatment for ACL injury. The purpose of this study was to report the consensus statements on operative versus nonoperative treatment of ACL injuries developed at the ACL Consensus Meeting Panther Symposium 2019. There were 66 international experts on the management of ACL injuries, representing 18 countries, who were convened and participated in a process based on the Delphi method of achieving consensus. Proposed consensus statements were drafted by the scientific organizing committee and session chairs for the 3 working groups. Panel participants reviewed preliminary statements before the meeting and provided initial agreement and comments on the statement via online survey. During the meeting, discussion and debate occurred for each statement, after which a final vote was then held. Ultimately, 80% agreement was defined a priori as consensus. A total of 11 of 13 statements on operative versus nonoperative treatment of ACL injury reached consensus during the symposium. Overall, 9 statements achieved unanimous support, 2 reached strong consensus, 1 did not achieve consensus, and 1 was removed because of redundancy in the information provided. In highly active patients engaged in jumping, cutting, and pivoting sports, early anatomic ACL reconstruction is recommended because of the high risk of secondary meniscal and cartilage injuries with delayed surgery, although a period of progressive rehabilitation to resolve impairments and improve neuromuscular function is recommended. For patients who seek to return to straight-plane activities, nonoperative treatment with structured, progressive rehabilitation is an acceptable treatment option. However, with persistent functional instability, or when episodes of giving way occur, anatomic ACL reconstruction is indicated. The consensus statements derived from international leaders in the field will assist clinicians in deciding between operative and nonoperative treatment with patients after an ACL injury

Family environment and traumatic dental injuries in adolescents

Background/Aims: No comprehensive assessment of the influence of the home environment on traumatic dental injuries (TDI) has been conducted to date. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between family environment and TDI among adolescents from East London. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from 646 adolescents who participated in phase III of the Research with East London Adolescents Community Health Survey (RELACHS). Family environment was measured with four indicators (non-nuclear family, discordant parental relationship and levels of parental support and parental punishment) measured through a self-administered questionnaire. Clinical examinations were performed for TDI, overjet and lip coverage. Logistic regression was used to test the crude and adjusted (controlling for sociodemographic and clinical factors) association of each family environment characteristic with TDI prevalence. Results: Twenty-nine percent of adolescents were from non-nuclear families, and 52.3% reported a discordant parental relationship. The mean score for parental support was −0.01 (SD: 0.90, range: −0.11 to 0.08), and the mean parental punishment score was 0.03 (SD: 0.86, range: −0.04 to 0.10). Adolescents from non-nuclear families had 1.63 (95% confidence interval: 1.06-2.53) greater odds of having TDI than those from nuclear families. However, this association was fully attenuated after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors. The other three indicators of family environment were not associated with TDI either in crude or adjusted regression models. Conclusion: This study found weak evidence of an association between family environment and TDI.</p

Return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament injury: Panther Symposium ACL Injury Return to Sport Consensus Group

This open-access article is published and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - No Derivatives License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits the noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction of the article in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. You may not alter, transform, or build upon this article without the permission of the Author(s).Background: A precise and consistent definition of return to sport (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is lacking, and there is controversy surrounding the process of returning patients to sport and their previous activity level. Purpose: The aim of the Panther Symposium ACL Injury Return to Sport Consensus Group was to provide a clear definition of RTS after ACL injury and a description of the RTS continuum as well as provide clinical guidance on RTS testing and decision-making. Study Design: Consensus statement. Methods: An international, multidisciplinary group of ACL experts convened as part of a consensus meeting. Consensus statements were developed using a modified Delphi method. Literature review was performed to report the supporting evidence. Results: Key points include that RTS is characterized by achievement of the preinjury level of sport and involves a criteria-based progression from return to participation to RTS and, ultimately, return to performance. Purely time-based RTS decision-making should be abandoned. Progression occurs along an RTS continuum, with decision-making by a multidisciplinary group that incorporates objective physical examination data and validated and peer-reviewed RTS tests, which should involve functional assessment as well as psychological readiness. Consideration should be given to biological healing, contextual factors, and concomitant injuries. Conclusion: The resultant consensus statements and scientific rationale aim to inform the reader of the complex process of RTS after ACL injury that occurs along a dynamic continuum. Research is needed to determine the ideal RTS test battery, the best implementation of psychological readiness testing, and methods for the biological assessment of healing and recovery.Institutt for idrettsmedisinske fag / Department of Sports Medicin

Clinical outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament injury: panther symposium ACL injury clinical outcomes consensus group

© 2020, The Author(s). Purpose: A stringent outcome assessment is a key aspect for establishing evidence-based clinical guidelines for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury treatment. The aim of this consensus statement was to establish what data should be reported when conducting an ACL outcome study, what specific outcome measurements should be used and at what follow-up time those outcomes should be assessed. Methods: To establish a standardized approach to assessment of clinical outcome after ACL treatment, a consensus meeting including a multidisciplinary group of ACL experts was held at the ACL Consensus Meeting Panther Symposium, Pittsburgh, PA; USA, in June 2019. The group reached consensus on nine statements by using a modified Delphi method. Results: In general, outcomes after ACL treatment can be divided into four robust categories—early adverse events, patient-reported outcomes, ACL graft failure/recurrent ligament disruption and clinical measures of knee function and structure. A comprehensive assessment following ACL treatment should aim to provide a complete overview of the treatment result, optimally including the various aspects of outcome categories. For most research questions, a minimum follow-up of 2 years with an optimal follow-up rate of 80% is necessary to achieve a comprehensive assessment. This should include clinical examination, any sustained re-injuries, validated knee-specific PROs and Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaires. In the mid- to long-term follow-up, the presence of osteoarthritis should be evaluated. Conclusion: This consensus paper provides practical guidelines for how the aforementioned entities of outcomes should be reported and suggests the preferred tools for a reliable and valid assessment of outcome after ACL treatment. Level of evidence: V