Public debt in an OLG model with imperfect competition

Fiscal policy is needed to avoid dynamic inefficiency and maintain full employment in a modified Diamond OLG model with imperfect competition. A distributionally neutral tax scheme can maintain full employment in the face of variations in .household confidence.. No variations in taxes will be needed if households correctly anticipate future taxes: the tax policy functions as an insurance scheme. JEL Categories: E62, E22Public debt, Keynesian OLG model, dynamic effeciency, confidence.

Macroeconomic implications of financialization

A growing literature suggests that 'financialization' may weaken the performance of non-financial corporations and constrain the growth of ag- gregate demand. This paper evaluates (some of) the claims that have been made using two alternative approaches (one derived from Skott (1981, 1988, 1989) and one from Lavoie and Godley (2001-2002)) and two differ- ent settings (a labor-constrained setting and a dual-economy setting). All models pay explicit attention to financial stock-flow relations. The results are insensitive to the precise specification of household saving behavior but depend critically on the labor market assumptions (labor-constrained vs dual) and the specification of the investment function (Harrodian vs stagnationist). JEL Categories: E12, E21, E44financialization, stock-flow consistency, retention rate, ex- ternal finance, new issues.

Spin-conserving and reversing photoemission from the surface states of Bi2_2Se3_3 and Au (111)

We present a theory based on first-principles calculations explaining (i) why the tunability of spin polarizations of photoelectrons from Bi$_2$Se$_3$ (111) depends on the band index and Bloch wavevector of the surface state and (ii) why such tunability is absent in the case of isosymmetric Au (111). The results provide not only an explanation for the recent, puzzling experimental observations but also a guide toward making highly-tunable spin-polarized electron sources from topological insulators.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures; Supplemental Material (2 pages) added, typos correcte

Social Hierarchy Materialized: Korean Vernacular Houses as a Medium to Transfer Confucian Ideology

Buildings reveal the social values of a society through their forms and configuration. During the Choseon dynasty, Confucianism was the national ideology and basis for governing principles. Consequently, houses for the ruling class were built to conform to the principle of separating domains for men, women, servants, and ancestors. This hierarchical social system persisted for hundreds of years, but from the 19th century, various social movements gradually delegitimized many inequalities between sexes and classes. Mysteriously, even after this series of radical political and social changes, vernacular houses still adhered to the same hierarchical spatial order until the mid-20th century. This paper analyzes the houses built from the 15th century to the mid-20th century to show how Confucian principles were translated into the design to control social interactions. The paper concludes with a discussion of how Confucianism has been passed on through the medium of housing until today and how they have influenced people’s perception of different gender roles in contemporary Korean society

Forecasting Hands and Objects in Future Frames

This paper presents an approach to forecast future presence and location of human hands and objects. Given an image frame, the goal is to predict what objects will appear in the future frame (e.g., 5 seconds later) and where they will be located at, even when they are not visible in the current frame. The key idea is that (1) an intermediate representation of a convolutional object recognition model abstracts scene information in its frame and that (2) we can predict (i.e., regress) such representations corresponding to the future frames based on that of the current frame. We design a new two-stream convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture for videos by extending the state-of-the-art convolutional object detection network, and present a new fully convolutional regression network for predicting future scene representations. Our experiments confirm that combining the regressed future representation with our detection network allows reliable estimation of future hands and objects in videos. We obtain much higher accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art future object presence forecast method on a public dataset

Breakdown of the Chiral Anomaly in Weyl Semimetals in a Strong Magnetic Field

The low-energy quasiparticles of Weyl semimetals are a condensed-matter realization of the Weyl fermions introduced in relativistic field theory. Chiral anomaly, the nonconservation of the chiral charge under parallel electric and magnetic fields, is arguably the most important phenomenon of Weyl semimetals and has been explained as an imbalance between the occupancies of the gapless, zeroth Landau levels with opposite chiralities. This widely accepted picture has served as the basis for subsequent studies. Here we report the breakdown of the chiral anomaly in Weyl semimetals in a strong magnetic field based on ab initio calculations. A sizable energy gap that depends sensitively on the direction of the magnetic field may open up due to the mixing of the zeroth Landau levels associated with the opposite-chirality Weyl points that are away from each other in the Brillouin zone. Our study provides a theoretical framework for understanding a wide range of phenomena closely related to the chiral anomaly in topological semimetals, such as magnetotransport, thermoelectric responses, and plasmons, to name a few.Comment: 6+7 pages, 5+6 figures; published versio