Measuring the Effects of a Liquid Environment on Graphene Biotransistors

Mobility is a measure of the ease with which electrical carriers pass through a material. This work studies the mobility of graphene when measured within a liquid electrolyte environment. We use two different techniques to measure their mobilities at different concentrations of the electrolyte to compare results

Penentuan Kriteria Nutrien Untuk Penilaian Status Trofik Perairan Waduk Mrica Banjarnegara, Indonesia (Determination of Nutrient Criteria for Assessing Trophic Status of Mrica Reservoir Banjarnegara, Indonesia)

Saat ini kriteria nutrien yang sering digunakan untuk penilaian status trofik suatu badan air di Indonesia adalah berdasarkan OEeD (1982), dan Mason (1991) yang merupakan hasil kajian status trofik danau dan waduk di wilayah empat musim (temperate). Kriteria tersebut bila digunakan untuk waduk di Indonesia sering tidak mencerminkan kondisi yang sebenamya karena ada perbedaan mekanisme terjadinya eutrofikasi di wilayah tropis dan temperate (Huszar et al., 2006). Tujuan peneiitian ini adalah mengkaji hubungan antara konsentrasi nutrien dengan biomassa algae sebagai dasar untuk menentukan kriteria nutrien yang tepat sebagai upaya penentuan kriteria trofik waduk di Indonesia. Metode peneiitian menggunakan survei dengan mengambil sampel air sebulan sekali selama 1 (satu) tahun mulai Maret 2009 -Februari 2010 di 11 (sebelas) lokasi di perairan Waduk Mrica Banjamegara. Variabel penelitian adalah Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Fosfat (TP), nitrat (NO]), ortofosfat (P04), ammonia ~), TN/TP, dan klorofil. Kesimpulan adalah kriteria TP untuk mencapai fase eutrofik pad a musim penghujan lebih tinggi (TP ~ 1,55 mg/I) dibandingkan musim kemarau (TP ~ 1,33). Pada musim penghujan maupun kemarau total nitrogen (TN) bukan merupakan nutrien pembatas. Nutrien (N dan P) yang tinggi (bahkan mencapai 10 kali iipat lebih tinggi dibandingkan kriteria nutrien dari wilayah temperate) tidak menirnbulkan blooming. Terjadinya blooming algae di Waduk Mrica disebabkan adanya operasional waduk dan didukung oieh kondisi iklim (cahaya dan suhu) yang tidak menjadi faktor pembatas pertumbuhan algae. Oleh karena itu, kriteria nutrien untuk danau di wilayah sub tropis tidak cocok bila digunakan untuk penilaian status trofik untuk waduk di Indonesia

Tingkat Pencemaran Waduk Penjalin Kecamatan Paguyangan Kabupaten Brebes Ditinjau dari Struktur Komunitas Plankton

Penjalin Reservoir is located in Brebes Regency, Indonesia. Human activity around Penjalin Reservoir, such as irrigation, aquaculture, and sanitation can affect its water\u27s quality. Plankton can be used as bioindicator since its existence is heavily affected by water physical and chemical factors. Polluted waters can affect diversity and abundance of plankton. The purpose of this research were to determine waters quality of Penjalin Reservoir, to know plankton community structure (abundance, diversity, and domination), and pollution level of each sampling station based on plankton diversity. This research used survey method on 6 sampling stations covering inlet, middle of reservoir, and outlet with 3 replicates and 4 weeks interval. Water quality were analyzed descriptively based on criteria of PP No. 82 Tahun 2001. Abundance and diversity were estimated as Shanon-Wiener index. Domination were estimated as Simpson index. Plankton abundance values varies from 4,970.30 to 12,923.37 ind/l with the most abundant species was Tetraedon minimum. Diversity index (H\u27) were high with value around 3.28–3.55 and domination index were around 0.04–0.07. These diversity indexes showed that the water quality of Penjalin Reservoir were not polluted

Pengaruh Perbedaan Jenis Pupuk Terhadap Pertumbuhan Nannochloropsis SP. Dilihat Dari Kepadatan Sel Dan Klorofil Α Pada Skala Semi Massal

Banyak pihak yang tertarik pada pembudidayaan mikroalga, karena selain mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang tinggi, mudah didapat dan dikembangkan. Fitoplankton yang merupakan sumber rantai makanan di laut berperan sebagai produsen mikroalga. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh jenis pupuk yang berbeda terhadap kepadatan sel dan kandungan klorofil α dari fitoplankton Nannochloropsis sp., agar dapat dilihat pupuk terbaik yang dapat digunakan untuk pertumbuhan, dalam skala semi massal, dan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan Nannochloropsis sp. yang dilihat dari kepadatan sel dan kandungan klorofil α tertinggi dari jenis pupuk yang berbeda. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimentasi dengan menerapkan teknik kultur skala semi massal, dengan diberikan perlakuan dari tiga jenis pupuk yang berbeda Walne, BBLsm dan Guillard diberlakukan masing-masing tiga kali ulangan. Pertumbuhan yang cepat terjadi melalui pembelahan sel sehingga pertumbuhannya dapat didorong dengan memperkaya kandungan kultur melalui pemupukan, menurut Kurniaty (2009) skala semi massal menggunakan pupuk bahan kimia murni Pro Analisis, pupuk teknis. Kemudian dilakukan pengamatan dan perhitungan kepadatan sel dan pengukuran kandungan klorofil α. Setelah dilakukan pengamatan dilakukan analisa data untuk mengetahui perbedaan dan keterkaitan antar perlakuan terhadap pertumbuhan Nannochloropsis sp. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa semua pupuk mempengaruhi pertumbuhan Nannochloropsis sp. yang dilihat dari kepadatan sel dan kandungan klorofil α, perlakuan dengan pupuk BBLsm lebih unggul dibanding dengan perlakuan yang lain, yaitu pada masa puncak dengan kepadatan 5416 x 104 sel/ml dengan kandungan klorofil 5,82 μg/l, pupuk Guillard yang mengalami puncak kepadatan sel pada hari ke-delapan yang mengahasilkan 4741 x 104 sel/ml dengan kandungan klorofil 6,54 μg/l dan pupuk Walne pada masa puncak menghasilkan kepadatan sel 1733 x 104 sel/ml dengan kandungan klorofil 4,13 μg/l hasilnya lebih rendah dibanding dengan perlakuan yang lain. Many partices who are interested in cultivating the mikroalga, because in addition to having a high economic value, are easily obtained and developed. Phytoplankton which is the source of the food chain in the Ocean acts as a manufacturer mikroalga. The purpose of this research was to look at the effects of different types of fertilizers on chlorophyll content and cell density of phytoplankton Nannochloropsis sp., in order that it can be seen the best fertilizer that can be used for growth, the scale of the mass, spring and to know the growth of Nannochloropsis sp. is seen from the chlorophyll content and cell density% u03B1 highest of different types of fertilizers. The method used is the experimentation by applying techniques of mass spring scale, cultures with a given treatment of three types of different fertilizer Walne, BBLsm and Guillard enacted each of the three times repeated. Rapid growth occurs through cell division so that its growth can be encouraged to enrich the content of culture through fertilization, according to Kurniaty (2009) spring mass-scale use of fertilizer chemicals, fertilizer Analysis Pro pure technical. Then conducted observation and calculation of the density of cells and measurement of chlorophyll content of% u03B1. After observations conducted data analysis to find out the difference and relation between treatment of growth of Nannochloropsis sp.. Results of the analysis of the data indicates that all fertilizer affect the growth of Nannochloropsis SP. is seen from the chlorophyll content α and cell density% u03B1, BBLsm fertilizer treatment is superior compared with other treatments, namely at the Summit with a density of 46 x 104 cells/ml with the chlorophyll content of α, fertilizer that is experiencing the peak of cell density on the eight mengahasilkan 4741 x 104 cells/ml with chlorophyll content was at 6.54% u03BCg/l and fertilizer at the time of peak produced Walne density cell 1733 x 104 cells/ml with the chlorophyll content αresults were lower compared to other treatments

Evaluasi Status Mutu Air Danau Rawapening

Increasing type and number of human activities will impact on decreasing quality of water. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the water quality status of Rawapening Lake regularly to ensure that the water quality remains in its natural condition. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the water quality status and class of Rawapening Lake. The survey was done in the lake during dry season for 3 months (July to September 2016). Water sampling conducted in seven locations. The measured variables were all parameters as specified in Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. To determine the water quality status was using storet methods. Determination of the water class was by comparing the concentration of all parameters with the standard. Observations indicated that the Rawapening Lake water quality status was in heavily polluted. There were eight parameters exceeding the standard i.e. TSS, BOD, COD, total phosphor and total coliform, Cd and Pb, and H2S. Therefore, it is necessary to decrease them through activities such as not throwing rubbish into the lake, lifting biomass of water hyacinth, picking up peat soil sediments, using environmentally friendly fuels, reducing fertilizers and pellet, reforesting critical lands, limiting mining activities, banning waste disposal directly to rivers

Monitoring Status Daya Dukung Perairan Waduk Wadaslintang Bagi Budidaya Keramba Jaring Apung Monitoring of Carrying Capacity Status of Wadaslintang Reservoir on Cage Net )

Carrying capacity of waters is defined by physical condition such as quantity and quality of the waters. Physical condition alteration from time to time can cause alteration of the carrying capacity status. Monitoring of carrying capacity of Wadaslintang Resevoir was conducted in relation to change in water volume and the present of cage net activity. Carrying capacity of waters can be calculated based on P content one of the limiting factors of waters productivity. The research was conducted using survei method in five stations during dry (May 2008) and wet (November 2008) seasons, each season with three times sampling against parameters for cage net suitability. Carrying capacity was analyzed using the Beveridge formula (1996) which indicate the permissible productivity of the net cage. The result of this research showed that physical condition of Wadaslintang Reservoir can support the cage net activity. The present cage net activity is still appropiate with the carrying capacity and the production is potentially to be increased with 87tons/harvest

Studi Instrumen Kebijakan Gerakan Terpadu Kesehatan, Ekonomi, Pendindikan, Lingkungan, Infrastuktur (Gerdu Kempling) Kelurahan Bulusan Kota Semarang

An integrated movement of health, economic, education, infrastucture, enviroment (GERDU KEMPLING) program in Semarang is a policy about accelerating proverty reduction and the real action of “Sapta Program” from Semarang Goverment. The policy has a goal for reaching the decreacing of proverty's level in 2011 – 2015 at Semarang. In the first idea, it has been planned that the policy would invite all sectors in Semarang, including private sectors and the citizen. Then a policy can be applied well, if it uses a correct policy instrument in its implementation. And in this research, it will discuss about which one of policy instrument that has been used in Gerdu Kempling program. The result shows in implementing this policy, the actors use mixed instrument, and more head for subsidies instrument. It's proved by there are mixturing among regulation from compulsary instrument and family and community and market from voluntary instrument. After that, the subsidies instrument can be proved by types of help that have been given to poor citizen, which are coaching and tools. In other hand, in implementing this policy with mixed instrument has some problems in it. Over all, the problems are about support instruments have not maximal in their action

Pengaruh Pemberian Triacontanol terhadap Produksi dan Viabilitas Benih Ketimun (Cucumis Sativus L.)

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of triacontanol on cucumber production and viability. A comletely randomized design was used, consisting two factors i.e. concentration and time of application. Concentration consists of 5 levels: 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 mg/l while time of application consists of 3 leveles: 2 weeks after planting (W AP), 4 W AP, and 2 & 4 W AP. Concentration, time of application and interaction of the two factors were not significant on vegetative and reproductive variables but were significant on seed weight index, and seed variability. Concentration of O.O1 mg/l and application of 4 WAP gave the best effect on seed viability. (p.11