Choosing a Newspaper for Advertising Using the Weighted Exposure Matrix Method — a Malaysia Case Study

Advertising is one of the marketing strategies to promote products to consumers. Many advertising vehicles are available offering interesting advertising packages. The key objective of this study is to find which Malaysian newspaper is the better option to advertise your products or services in the newspaper so as to maximize your reach of the audience. Here the researchers selected two popular newspapers – The Star and Harian Metro – for this research and analyzed them based on the lowest cost for advertising per 1000 exposures using the weighted exposure matrix method. The result of this study shows that important factors such as cost, reach, frequency and target audience play important roles in selecting the best newspaper as the preferred advertisement vehicle.   Keywords: Advertisement; cost per thousand exposures; media, newspaper.

A Review of Optimization Techniques Application for Building Performance Analysis

Optimization techniques (OT) are tools to find the best solution during a decision making process. Each of these techniques has its own advantages and disadvantages depending on their objectives and focus areas. Early application of OT was recorded as early as the 1930s with the introduction of the Monte Carlo Method, which is widely used in business studies. The idea was conceived due to poly-objectives, or multi-objectives, in identifying the best solution. OT theories and methods have evolved to cover various fields of study. This paper aims to provide a brief review of OT through a comparison of the pros and cons of each OT technique. The findings emphasize the suitability of each technique for different applications in various fields of study. Finally, this study aims to select the most suitable OT for building performance for energy optimization. In conclusion, the summary of findings and recommendations from Tables 2, 3, and 4 need to be combined during the process of selecting the most suitable OT. Regardless of the various categories and their multiple applications, it is the summary of characteristics of each optimization technique that determines their suitability for adoption depending on the research objectives, strength of the researcher, and availability of data. ANN is suitable for optimization for building energy performance covering energy use, energy cost and energy prediction which offer a high level of accuracy. However, it is a complex model that requires historical data input and can produce only short-term predictions. For broader optimization objectives which cover energy load, a hybrid of ANN and kNN is recommended. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-014 Full Text: PD

A Review of Optimization Techniques Application for Building Performance Analysis

Optimization techniques (OT) are tools to find the best solution during a decision making process. Each of these techniques has its own advantages and disadvantages depending on their objectives and focus areas. Early application of OT was recorded as early as the 1930s with the introduction of the Monte Carlo Method, which is widely used in business studies. The idea was conceived due to poly-objectives, or multi-objectives, in identifying the best solution. OT theories and methods have evolved to cover various fields of study. This paper aims to provide a brief review of OT through a comparison of the pros and cons of each OT technique. The findings emphasize the suitability of each technique for different applications in various fields of study. Finally, this study aims to select the most suitable OT for building performance for energy optimization. In conclusion, the summary of findings and recommendations from Tables 2, 3, and 4 need to be combined during the process of selecting the most suitable OT. Regardless of the various categories and their multiple applications, it is the summary of characteristics of each optimization technique that determines their suitability for adoption depending on the research objectives, strength of the researcher, and availability of data. ANN is suitable for optimization for building energy performance covering energy use, energy cost and energy prediction which offer a high level of accuracy. However, it is a complex model that requires historical data input and can produce only short-term predictions. For broader optimization objectives which cover energy load, a hybrid of ANN and kNN is recommended. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-014 Full Text: PDF</jats:p

A review: Partial discharge detection using acoustic sensor on high voltage transformer

Abstract Partial discharge (PD) is an electrical discharge which is one of the most critical breakdown factor that is affecting the electrical equipment. The loss of the power will affect consumers and system operation. High voltage (HV) transformer is one of the equipment’s subjected to phenomena PD. In this paper reviews an application of acoustic methods in transformer and piezoelectric sensors application on PD detection in HV transformer. Based on this review, the new design in acoustic sensor is required in order to improve the sensitivity and bandwidth for PD detection at HV transformer. The valuable parameter such as materials, size, and PD frequency range were discussed in this paper and can be used for early stage on designing new acoustic sensor. This detection method given some benefits on preventing the power electrical system from breakdown.</jats:p

Modelling of Piezoelectric Sensor with Different Materials Approach for Partial Discharge Detection on Power Transformer: PZT-5H, ZnO and AlN

Abstract The acoustic emission (AE) technique is one of the unconventional methods of partial discharges (PDs) detection. It plays a most important role in oil-filled power transformers diagnostics because it enables the detection and online monitoring of PDs as well compared to the conventional method for PDs detection which are not suitable for on-site measurement due to electrical disturbance. In this paper, the acoustic based on piezoelectric sensor by different material is modelled in order to be able to obtain PDs signal occurred in power transformers. Modelling of a piezoelectric sensor with different material which is PZT-5H, ZnO, and AlN is approached in order to investigate the performance of resonant frequency, electric potential, and the performance in processing in order to match the range of AE detection. Piezoelectric materials have become very useful in processing devices because of their electrical-mechanical mutuality. Study was performed on frequency target of PDs should be higher and in the range of 10 kHz -300 kHz in order to prevent the power transformer from failure or breakdown and it has been found out by proven from analytical and simulation result by using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Based on this information, acoustic sensor is analyses with different types of cantilever beam and piezoelectric material and different length dimension of the beam in order to analyses the performance between them. Based on the result, the piezoelectric material that be chosen in this project is ZnO due to its high piezoelectric coupling and environmental friendly is used in order to support green technology compared to others material discussed which is harmful even though produced high performance. This detection method gave some improvement in monitoring system PD activities in the transformer’s tank.</jats:p