Are ethnic employment penalties mitigated in deprived neighbourhoods and in ethnically dense neighbourhoods?

Existing research has extensively documented that those living in the most deprived neighbourhoods and individuals from some ethnic minority groups have low rates of labour market participation in the United Kingdom. This paper brings together these two established areas of research to ask whether ethnic minority groups have better employment participation when living in more deprived neighbourhoods. We hypothesise that this could be due to different socialisation processes enabling ethnic minorities to secure employment more easily in deprived neighbourhoods as well as in neighbourhoods where there is greater ethnic density. Data from the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study in England are linked to the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2014 and the 2011 Census to model unemployment and economic inactivity between 2009 and 2019 separately for women and men. The results show that some ethnic minority groups face disadvantage in the labour market, especially Pakistani and Bangladeshi women. There is little support to suggest that these penalties are lessened in more deprived neighbourhoods or in more ethnically dense neighbourhoods. There is some suggestion that groups who do not face ethnic penalties compared with the White British group have lower rates of unemployment and economic inactivity in more deprived neighbourhoods. We suggest policies aimed at improving labour market outcomes for disadvantaged ethnic minorities should target them wherever they live

STUDY OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR AND SURFACE INTERACTION OF AA6063 TYPE AL-MG-SI ALLOY BY SODIUM MOLYBDATE IN SIMULATED SEA WATER ENVIRONMENT

The potential of sodium molybdate on the corrosion of aluminium alloy AA6063 type was examined with the view to study the electrochemical and surface degradation for metal-inhibitor interface using gravimetric and electrochemical corrosion techniques in simulated s~awater environment. The microstructures of as-corroded samples were also assessed for their surface morphology.The results show thatcorrosion rate decreased with an increase in the inhibitor concentration and exposure time. Equally, the inhibition efticiency increased with inhibitor addition with maximum efficiency obtained at 5g/v sodium molybdate addition. The adsorption of the molecules of the extract on the aluminium alloy surface obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The potentiodynamic polarization results showed that sodium molybdate acted as mixed-type i•1hibitor

Beyond Prejudice as Simple Antipathy: Hostile and Benevolent Sexism Across Cultures

The authors argue that complementary hostile and benevolent componen:s of sexism exist ac ro.ss cultures. Male dominance creates hostile sexism (HS). but men's dependence on women fosters benevolent sexism (BS)-subjectively positive attitudes that put women on a pedestal but reinforce their subordination. Research with 15,000 men and women in 19 nations showed that (a) HS and BS are coherenl constructs th at correlate positively across nations, but (b) HS predicts the ascription of negative and BS the ascription of positive traits to women, (c) relative to men, women are more likely to reject HS than BS. especially when overall levels of sexism in a culture are high, and (d) national averages on BS and HS predict gender inequal ity across nations. These results challenge prevailing notions of prejudice as an antipathy in that BS (an affectionate, patronizing ideology) reflects inequality and is a cross-culturally pervasive complement to HS

Flow of a Newtonian fluid in a symmetrically heated channel: Effect of viscosity and viscous dissipation

This paper discusses the effect of viscosity and viscous dissipation (due to a high velocity gradient) on the steady flow of a viscous liquid in a symmetrically heated channel. The coupled nonlinear differential equations arising in the planar Poiseuille flow are not amendable to analytical solutions. Therefore, numerical solutions based on finite-difference scheme are presented. The effects of various flow controlling parameters such as temperature difference α, dimensionless pressure gradient, and the dimensionless viscous heating parameter δ on the dimensionless velocity and temperature are analyzed. The analysis reveals that when viscous heating parameter δ=0, we obtained zero solution for the dimensionless temperature

Is the Public willing to help the Nigerian Police during the Boko Haram crisis? A look at moderating factors.

This paper sought the opinion of 200 Nigerians on their willingness to cooperate with the Police during the Boko Haram crisis. Public perceptions of Police effectiveness during the crisis, residence location, gender and religious affiliation were used as moderators. Data was analysed using an explanatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Results indicated a strong association between perceived effectiveness and willingness to report to the Police with respondents who question the effectiveness of the Police being less likely to be willing to report criminal activity about Boko Haram. Further to this, the impact of religion on willingness to report was at least partially mediated by perceived effectiveness of the Police with the results showing that Christian respondents perceived the Police as less effective. Females and those living in the North were significantly less willing to report criminal activity to the Police The findings are then discussed in relation to the BH crises and directions for future research are given