RELATIVE EFFICACY OF BIOPESTICIDES AND NEWER INSECTICIDES AGAINST HELICOVERPA ARMIGERA (HUB.) IN TOMATO

Relative efficacy of biopesticides and newer insecticides against Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) on tomato was evaluated in field conditions. The results showed that the three applications of flubendiamide 480 SC at 200 mL/ ha was found significantly most effective, which caused highest mean reduction of population of tomato fruit borer larvae and fruit damage, 89.94 and 3.10 per cent. It was followed by spinosad 45 SC at 200 mL/ha and HaNPV at 250 LE/ha with 74.67 and 74.10 per cent mean reduction, respectively and were at par with each other and the spinosad 45 SC @ 200 mL/ha observed (4.86) per cent fruit damage followed by HaNPV 250 LE/ha, Bt @1.5 kg/ha and Beta-cyfluthrin 2.5 SC were found moderately effective treatment being 8.16, 10.14 and 6.68 per cent fruit damage, respectively. The highest marketable yield of 265.68q/ha was recorded in case of Flubendiamide 480 SC @ 200 mL/ha with highest C: B ratio of 1:2.075. It was followed by Spinosad 45 SC @ 200mL/ha (251.29 q/ha) and Beta-cyfluthrin 2.5 SC @ 750 ml/ha (238.38 q/ha)

Microwave Induced Improved Synthesis of Some Novel Substituted 1, 3-Diarylpropenones and their Antimicrobial Activity

Application of solid support, solvent free reaction condition and a dynamic microwave power system in the chemical synthesis of some novel 1, 3-diaryl-propenones has been described. A series of chalcones (3a-h) were synthesized by the condensation of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitroacetophenone with various substituted aromatic aldehydes in presence of montmorrilonite K10 as a catalyst and solid support media under microwave irradiation. The protocol offers several advantages such as simple procedure, fast reaction rate, mild reaction condition, eco-friendly and improved yield as compared to conventional methods. These compounds have been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against different microorganisms. The structures of novel synthesized compounds have been established on the basis of elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR spectral data

POPULATION DYNAMICS OF SUCKING PESTS AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH WEATHER PARAMETERS IN CHILLI, CAPSICUM ANNUM L. CROP

Results revealed that the incidence of thrips (Scirthothrips dorsalis Hood), whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci Genn), aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) and mites (Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks) were appeared on the chilli crop soon after transplanting, while the aphid appeared little late during both the years. The peak population of thrips (14.5 and 14.7/ 3 leaves/ plant) was recorded in the first week of October, while the whitefly and aphid attained their peak in first and second week of September during 2006-07 (6.9 whiteflies/ 3leaves /plant and 9.0 aphids/ 3leaves/ plant) and during 2007-08 (6.7 whiteflies/ 3 leaves/ plant and 9.3 aphid/ 3 leaves/ plant), respectively. The mite population reached to its peak in the second week of September (9.2 and 9.0 mites/ 3 leaves/ plant) during both the years. Correlation coefficient values worked out for sucking pests incidence and weather parameters revealed that maximum temperature had positive correlation with thrips population, while negative with mite population. In case of aphid and whitefly, all the abiotic parameters were non-significant at 5 per cent level

EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVE WEED MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR BT COTTON

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Banswara (Raj.) during rainy season of 2014 to evaluate effective weed management strategy for Bt cotton. The experiment consisted of 9 treatments of PE (Pendimethalin) and POE (Quizalofop ethyl, pyrithiobac sodium and glyphosate) herbicides with weed free and weedy checks was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Results revealed that the sequential use of pendimethalin 30 EC @1.0kg a.i ha-1 (PE) followed by pyrithiobacsodium 10 EC @ 62.5g a.i ha-1 + Quizalofop ethyl 5 EC @ 50g a.i ha-1(POE) at 25 DAS with one hoeing at 45 DAS has resulted in the lowest weed density of 19.67 and 12.33 with lowest weed dry weight of 15.73 and 10.13 g m-2 recorded at 30 and 60 DAS, respectively with the lowest total weed dry matter of 258.56kg ha-1, which ultimately increased seed cotton yield significantly (4389kg ha-1) with maximum B: C ratio of 4.74 against 3.98 calculated in weed free plot. The highest weed control efficiency of 96.08% was calculated under this treatment

Montmorrilonite K10 catalyzed efficient synthesis of some 4'-nitrochalcones and their 1, 3, 5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation

An expeditious synthesis of some 4´-nitrochalcones (3a-n) and their subsequent facile one-pot transformation to 1, 3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines (4a-n) has been carried out using montmorrilonite K10 via microwave mediated solvent free protocol.An emphasis is given to highlighting the greenness of the processes, and a fair comparison is also provided between differentinorganic solid supports as catalysts. Both conventional as well as non-conventional approaches have been explored bycomparing the reaction conditions and yields. The newly synthesized pyrazolines were studied for their in vitro antimicrobialevaluation against bacterial strains Bacillus pumilus and Escherichia coli and fungal strains Aspergillus niger and Penicilliumchrysogenum. Findings of biological evaluation highlighted 4b, 4e, 4j and 4m as potential new leads in the search of newantimicrobial agents. The structures of newly synthesized compounds have been established on the basis of elemental analysisand spectroscopic studies.Fil: Ameta, K. L.. Faculty Of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mody University Of; IndiaFil: Rathore, Nitu S.. Faculty Of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mody University Of; IndiaFil: Kumari, Maya. Faculty Of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mody University Of; IndiaFil: Khyaliya, Priyanka. University of Science and Technology; IndiaFil: Dangi R. R.. Faculty Of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mody University Of; IndiaFil: Parellada, Eduardo Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa; ArgentinaFil: Neske, Adriana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; Argentin

Dye-sensitized Photo-oxygenation of Nitrofurazone by Singlet Oxygen

Dye-sensitized photo-oxygenation of nitrofurazone by singlet oxygen has been carried out under various reaction conditions, including changes in solvents and sensitizers. The product has been isolated and characterized by elemental analysis, physical, chemical and spectral data. A suitable mechanism has been proposed for the formation of photoproduct. To confirm the participation of singlet oxygen in the reaction, singlet oxygen scavengers have been used in the photo-oxygenation reaction

Genetic enhancement for flowering period heat tolerance in peart millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.(R.) Br.)

Pearl millet, basically a rainfed crop worldwide, is increasingly being cultivated in summer season in north western parts of India where air temperatures during flowering time often exceed 42 degree Celsius..

Seed set variability under high temperatures during flowering period in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. (R.) Br.)

Pearl millet has recently emerged as a significant irrigated summer season cereal crop in north-western India. But its flowering coincides with air temperatures of ≥40◦C, leading to reduced seed set and poor grain yield in most of the available hybrids, although a few hybrids with good seed set and high yield potential are widely cultivated. Under a recent initiative to diversify the genetic base of heat tolerant hybrids, field screening of 221 hybrid parental lines (both B- and R-lines), 53 germplasm accessions and4 improved populations over four-year period revealed large genetic variability in seed set at daily maxi-mum air-temperature of ≥42◦C during flowering. Two locations data on 46 medium maturing genotypes screened during summer 2009 showed that seed set in pearl millet started declining when maximum air temperatures reached 42◦C and decreased in curvilinear fashion to 20 percent at 46◦C. Similar relation-ship of seed set with minimum and mean temperature was observed with threshold values of 26.4◦Cand 34.2◦C, respectively. Similarly, the relationship of percent seed set with vapor pressure deficit (VPD)showed threshold value of 6.2 kPa for maximum VPD, 1.2 kPa for minimum VPD and 3.7 kPa for mean VPD. Seed set on 2 each of heat tolerant and susceptible genotypes fitted well on the seed set-temperature response curve for the maximum, minimum and mean air temperatures. Based on 3 to 4 year field screening (2009–2012), five hybrid seed parents (ICMB 92777, ICMB 05666, ICMB 00333, ICMB 02333and ICMB 03555) and a germplasm accession IP 19877 with 61 to 69% seed set as compared to 71% seed set in a heat tolerant commercial hybrid 9444 (used as a control) was identified. Intra-population variability for heat tolerance was observed in four populations, and highly heat tolerant progenies from two of them were identified. Evaluation of six hybrid parents under controlled environment (maximum temperature of 43◦C and minimum temperature of 22◦C) revealed boot-leaf stage of pearl millet plant to be more heat sensitive than panicle-emergence stage, and investigations on 6 A-/B-pairs under controlled environment (max. temperature of 44◦C and min. temperature of 22◦C) revealed female reproductive system of pearl millet to be more heat sensitive than pollen. Comparison of 23 hybrids and their parents for seed set at high air temperature (>42◦C) showed heat tolerance as a dominant trait, implying heat tolerance in one parent would be adequate to produce heat tolerant hybrids in pearl millet. Heat tolerant composite developed using identified lines showed high mean seed set under high air temperatures during flowering