Low-loss singlemode PECVD silicon nitride photonic wire waveguides for 532-900 nm wavelength window fabricated within a CMOS pilot line

PECVD silicon nitride photonic wire waveguides have been fabricated in a CMOS pilot line. Both clad and unclad single mode wire waveguides were measured at lambda = 532, 780, and 900 nm, respectively. The dependence of loss on wire width, wavelength, and cladding is discussed in detail. Cladded multimode and singlemode waveguides show a loss well below 1 dB/cm in the 532-900 nm wavelength range. For singlemode unclad waveguides, losses < 1 dB/cm were achieved at lambda = 900 nm, whereas losses were measured in the range of 1-3 dB/cm for lambda = 780 and 532 nm, respectively

An Adaptive Salp-Stochastic-Gradient-Descent-Based Convolutional LSTM With MapReduce Framework for the Prediction of Rainfall.

Rainfall prediction is considered to be an esteemed research area that impacts the day-to-day life of Indians. The predominant income source of most of the Indian population is agriculture. It helps the farmers to make the appropriate decisions pertaining to cultivation and irrigation. The primary objective of this investigation is to develop a technique for rainfall prediction utilising the MapReduce framework and the convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) method to circumvent the limitations of higher computational requirements and the inability to process a large number of data points. In this work, an adaptive salp-stochastic-gradientdescent-based ConvLSTM (adaptive S-SGD-based ConvLSTM) system has been developed to predict rainfall accurately to process the long time series data and to eliminate the vanishing problems. To optimize the hyperparameter of the convLSTM model, the S-SGD methodology proposed combine the SGD and the salp swarm algorithm (SSA). The adaptive S-SGD based ConvLSTM has been developed by integrating the adaptive concept in S-SGD. It tunes the weights of ConvLSTM optimally to achieve better prediction accuracy. Assessment measures, such as the percentage root mean square difference (PRD) and mean square error (MSE), were employed to compare the suggested method with previous approaches. The developed system demonstrates high prediction accuracy, achieving minimal values for MSE (0.0042) and PRD (0.8450)

Boron and silicon fertilization impact on groundnut growth and soil properties of coastal saline soil

Boron and silicon nutrients play a crucial role in groundnut growth and productivity in coastal saline soil. However, farmers in coastal areas tend to prioritize macronutrients over their use of boron and silicon nutrients for groundnuts. In general, organic fertilizers promote growth of plants and maintain soil ecosystems, but their combination with boron and silicon is yet to be studied. So, this study aimed to (a) assess the impact of boron and silicon on nutrients content in coastal saline soil and (b) evaluate how boron, silicon and composted coir pith (CCP) improve soil properties in coastal soil. To meet the various objectives of study a two-season field experiment was conducted in a coastal farmer’s field at Singarakuppam village, near Chidambaram in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, during July-October 2021 and December-March 2022, using groundnut variety VRI 2. The study revealed that the soil application of borohumate (BH) + diatomaceous earth (DE) + CCP, along with foliar application of silixol plus (SP) and recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), was the most effective in improving soil properties in coastal saline soil

Population growth, nauplii production and post-embryonic development of Pseudodiaptomus annandalei (Sewell, 1919) in response to temperature, light intensity, pH, salinity and diets

1000-1009The present attempt revealed influence of salinity, temperature, pH, light intensity and diet on survival, fecundity, population density and embryonic development of the marine calanoid copepod, Pseudodiaptomus annandalei. Various levels of salinity viz., 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 ppt; temperature (21, 24, 27, 30, 33, and 36 °C); pH (6.5, 7, 7.5, 8.0, and 8.5); light intensity (500, 1500, 3000, and 4500 lux); and different microalgal feed viz., Chlorella marina (CHL), Isochrysis galbana (ISO), Tetraselmis suecica (TET), Nannochloropsis occulata (NAN), Dunaliella salina (DUN), Picochlorum maculatum (PICO) and mixed microalgae (MIX) at equal ratio were employed to determine the impact on biology of P. annandalei. The better survival and reproduction was achieved under the salinity 25 ppt, temperature 27 °C, pH 8, light intensity 500 lux and with ISO diet. The developmental time was recorded to be short at 25 ppt, 30 ºC, pH 8 and light intensity 500 lux with ISO diet. Although, the highest yield was obtained under those parameter regimes, P. annandalei seems to be optimistic with wide range of environmental conditions. This study has confirmed that P. annandalei can be cultured at commercial scale as aqua feed and as model organism in toxicity experiments

Dynamics of geriatric emergency care: comprehensive assessment of emergency medical services utilization and its impact on healthcare resources in coastal India

Emergency Medical Services (EMS) transport significantly influences demographics, admission rates, and mortality among geriatric patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED). The study evaluated geriatric patients aged 65 years and older, focusing on the impact of transport methods—EMS versus walk-ins—on demographics, admission rates, and mortality outcomes, aiming to identify key areas for improving emergency care delivery for this vulnerable population. Of the total patients, 8.5% were transported by EMS who were predominantly male and more likely to arrive during weekends and nighttime hours. Admission rates were significantly higher in the EMS group, with 30.6% requiring ICU care compared to 5.9% of walk-ins. Mortality rates were also markedly elevated among EMS patients (4.7% vs. 0.3%). The reasons for ED visits varied, with trauma being more frequent in EMS arrivals. This study underscores the critical impact of transport methods on patient outcomes, emphasizing the need to optimize EMS protocols and triage practices. Addressing these factors can enhance care delivery and improve admission and mortality outcomes for geriatric patients in ED settings

Integration of Liquid Biopsy and Pharmacogenomics for Precision Therapy of EGFR Mutant and Resistant Lung Cancers

The advent of molecular profiling has revolutionized the treatment of lung cancer by comprehensively delineating the genomic landscape of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Drug resistance caused by EGFR mutations and genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters impedes effective treatment of EGFR mutant and resistant lung cancer. This review appraises current literature, opportunities, and challenges associated with liquid biopsy and pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing as precision therapy tools in the management of EGFR mutant and resistant lung cancers. Liquid biopsy could play a potential role in selection of precise tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies during different phases of lung cancer treatment. This selection will be based on the driver EGFR mutational status, as well as monitoring the development of potential EGFR mutations arising during or after TKIs treatment, since some of these new mutations may be druggable targets for alternative TKIs. Several studies have identified the utility of liquid biopsy in the identification of EGFR driver and acquired resistance with good sensitivities for various blood-based biomarkers. With a plethora of sequencing technologies and platforms available currently, further evaluations using randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in multicentric, multiethnic and larger patient cohorts could enable optimization of liquid-based assays for the detection of EGFR mutations, and support testing of CYP450 enzymes and drug transporter polymorphisms to guide precise dosing of EGFR TKIs