The Use of Rock Phosphate and Phosphate Solubilising Fungi (Aspergillus niger) to Improve the Growth and the Yield of Upland Rice on Typic Kandiudalf

Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of rock phosphate (RP) and phosphate solubilizing fungi application on upland rice yield  intercropped with pigeon pea from 2009 to 2011 at the Agricultural  Research Centre, Kade, University of Ghana. In the first year, the main plot treatment consisted of five levels of phosphate fertilizer viz. 0 kg/ha P2O5, 40 kg/ha P2O5 RP, 80 kg/ha P2O5 RP, 120 kg/ha P2O5 RP and 45 kg/ha P2O5-triple super phosphate (TSP), while the planting dates of pigeon pea was set up as subplot (40 DAS –pigeon pea planted 40 days after sowing rice seed and 80 DAS- pigeon pea planted 80 days after sowing rice). In the second year, phosphate fertilizer was the main plot treatment,  consisting of (0 kg/ha P2O5, 45 kg/ha P2O5 RP, 90 kg/ha P2O5 RP and 45 kg/ha P2O5 TSP), and the subplot treatment was inoculated and uninoculated with phosphate solubilising fungi Aspergillus niger. The highest grain yield of 1.051 t/ha was obtained with the 120 kg P2O5 /ha RP followed by the 40 kg P2O5 /ha RP. Phosphate levels did not  significantly influence the grain yield in the first year (p = 0.08) but planting pigeon pea as an intercrop at the different planting dates had a significant positive effect on both the grain and straw yields of rice (p = 0.016, .07). There was no significant interaction between the use of different phosphorus levels and the different planting dates of pigeon pea (p = 0.348). In the second year, phosphate levels had significant influence on grain yield (p = 0.014) and the highest grain and straw yields occurred where TSP and Aspergillus niger were used to plant rice. Inoculating rice with or without Aspergillus niger had no significant influence on grain yields (p = 0.447). No significant interaction existed between phosphate levels and level of inoculation (p = 0.206). The use of TSP and Aspergillus niger to grow rice improved rice yield followed by 45 kg P2O5/ha RP + Inoculation

Stylistic features and development trends of choreographic stage direction in Kazakhstan

The research is devoted to the problem of national art and the formation of the ideological principles of Kazakhstan's choreographic stage direction. The comparative method and art history analysis were used in order to study the problem. The analysis of the problem of choreography development in Kazakhstan showed that training of stage directors and choreographers is one of the main obstacles to the development of different choreographic directions. Based on the assessment of modern Kazakhstan stage direction and the state of national choreography, it can be concluded that the national heritage is being extensively enriched with new choreographic movements.La investigación está dedicada al problema del arte nacional y la formación de los principios ideológicos de la dirección de la escena coreográfica de Kazajstán. El método comparativo y el análisis de la historia del arte se utilizaron para estudiar el problema. El análisis del problema del desarrollo de la coreografía en Kazajstán mostró que la capacitación de directores de escena y coreógrafos es uno de los principales obstáculos para el desarrollo de diferentes direcciones coreográficas. Sobre la base de la evaluación de la dirección escénica moderna de Kazajstán y el estado de la coreografía nacional, se puede concluir que el patrimonio nacional se está enriqueciendo ampliamente con nuevos movimientos coreográficos

Synthesis and Anticancer Evaluation of Novel 7-Aza-Coumarine-3-Carboxamides

Herein, we report the design and synthesis of novel 7-aza-coumarine-3-carboxamides via scaffold-hopping strategy and evaluation of their in vitro anticancer activity. Additionally, the improved non-catalytic synthesis of 7-azacoumarin-3-carboxylic acid is reported, which features water as the reaction medium and provides a convenient alternative to the known methods. The anticancer activity of the most potent 7-aza-coumarine-3-carboxamides against the HuTu 80 cell line is equal to that of reference Doxorubicin, while the selectivity towards the normal cell line is 9–14 fold higher