Model Matematis Kenaikan Suhu Pada Butiran Selama Pengepresan Pada Pembuatan Tablet Effervescen Buah Markisa

The objective of this research was proposing mathematical models to predict the temperature increasing in the spherical form particles during compression on processing of the passion fruit effervescent tablet. The materials used in this research were passion fruit granule. The data of temperature increase on the materials during compression was recorded by the thermocouple. Result of the research was showed the temperature increase will be distributed by conduction to all position in the particle that can predict with the diffusion equation for dimensions three spherical coordinate. The temperature at the particle surface where friction among the contact points of the particle occurred was higher than Tg of materials of the effervescent tablet component. The particles temperature average increase during compression is 33.03oC

Calabi-Yau 3-folds from 2-folds

We consider type IIA string theory on a Calabi-Yau 2-fold with D6-branes wrapping 2-cycles in the 2-fold. We find a complete set of conditions on the supergravity solution for any given wrapped brane configuration in terms of SU(2) structures. We reduce the problem of finding a supergravity solution for the wrapped branes to finding a harmonic function on R$\times$CY$_2$. We then lift this solution to 11-dimensions as a product of R$^{(4.1)}$ and a Calabi-Yau 3-fold. We show how the metric on the 3-fold is determined in terms of the wrapped brane solution. We write down the distinguished (3,0) form and the K{\"a}hler form of the 3-fold in terms of structures defined on the base 2-d complex manifold. We discuss the topology of the 3-fold in terms of the D6-branes and the underlying 2-fold. We show that in addition to the non-trivial cycles inherited from the underlying 2-fold there are $N-1$ new 2-cycles. We construct closed (1,1) forms corresponding to these new cycles. We also display some explicit examples. One of our examples is that of D6-branes wrapping the 2-cycle in an A$_1$ ALE space, the resulting 3-fold has $h^{(1,1)}=N$, where $N$ is the number of D6-branes.Comment: 30 page

Tailoring the ultra-soft magnetic properties of sputtered FineMET thin films for high-frequency power applications

This paper presents sputtered FineMET thin films with high saturation magnetic flux density and ultra-soft magnetic properties by maintaining an in-plane magnetization reversal process. The magnetic properties of FineMET thin films were investigated as a function of film thickness (40-517 nm) and annealing temperature (200-400 °C). The hysteresis loop study reveals that the films with low thickness (40 −316 nm) were perpendicularly magnetized in the as-deposited state. The ultra-soft magnetic properties (Hc =3 A/m) of the films were tailored by a thermal annealing process. A high relative permeability (μr ) of 1763 of these films with a good loss performance up to 1 GHz, makes them attractive for high-frequency power applications

Temporal dynamics of sucking pest and field response of promising insecticidal molecules in okra

To investigate the response due to application of newer insecticide on sucking pest in okra, a trial was designed at field level for three consecutive years from 2011-12 to 2013-14 in kharif season. Moreover, impacts of applied insecticides on natural enemies were also assessed. Based on experimental finding thiamethoxam 25WG 0.003% (2.83 per 3 leaves, 0.93 per 3 leaves), imidacloprid 70WG 0.004% (3.49 per 3 leaves, 1.30 per 3 leaves) and thiacloprid 21.7 SC 0.006% (4.28 per 3 leaves, 1.75 per 3 leaves) provided superior control of leafhoppers and whiteflies population on okra. Effectiveness of these treatments was reflected in terms of reduction in population of both insects and significantly increases (thiamethoxam: 95.50 q/ha, imidacloprid: 86.96 q/ha and thiacloprid: 80.99 q/ha) the fruit yield in comparison to others. However, the incidence of Yellow Vein Mosaic disease was recorded least in thiamethoxam 0.003% sprayed plots followed by imidacloprid 0.004%. Slow progress in the population ofwhitefly and leaf hopper was recorded in thiamethoxam 0.003% applied plots. There was positive correlation between whitefly and virus incidence in conducted field trial. Under the experiment, neonicotinoids group of insecticides have not adverse effect on natural enemies in okra crop. The information generated under the study can be incorporated in management modules in crop okra without disturbing the ecology of natural enemy and cropping system. In our findings, the quantitative data of temporal increment of whiteflies and mosaic disease will be helpful in understanding or formulating of epidemiological models

Penguatan Kelembagaan Ketahanan Pangan di Kota Pare-pare

Artikel ini menjelaskan dua hal penting, yakni soal kelembagaan ketahanan pangan dalam rumah tangga miskin di Kota Pare-pare; model alternatif kelembagaan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga nelayan miskin yang sesuai dengan tuntutan perkembangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Cluster Porpose Sampling. Sampelnya adalah kelompok-kelompok sosial, lembaga-lembaga sosial kenelayanan, dan organisasi kemasyarakatan yang dipilih secara purposif, dan dianalisis dengan model analisa sosiometrik dan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survei dan in-depth interview (wawancara mendalam), serta metode focus-group discustion (FGD). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelembagaan ketahanan pangan tradisonal telah ada sejak dahulu dalam masyarakat nelayan miskin di Kota Pare-Pare sebagai bentuk adaptasi terhadap persoalan kemiskinan. Tetapi karena pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk dan kebutuhan pangan meningkat, sehingga dibutuhkan manajemen ketahanan pangan yang lebih kompleks. Oleh sebab itu, kelembagaan pangan lokal perlu ditopang oleh sistem organisasi modern demi memperkuat kelembagaan ketahanan pangan lokal. Demikian pula sebaliknya, kelembagaan modern perlu ditopang oleh kelembagaan lokal yang sudah lama dipraktekkan oleh masyarakat miskin di Kota Pare-Pare

Controlling the competing magnetic anisotropy energies in FineMET amorphous thin films with ultra-soft magnetic properties

Thickness dependent competing magnetic anisotropy energies were investigated to explore the global magnetic behaviours of FineMET amorphous thin films. A dominant perpendicular magnetization component in the as-deposited state of thinner films was observed due to high magnetoelastic anisotropy energy which arises from stresses induced at the substrate-film interface. This perpendicular magnetization component decreases with increasing film thickness. Thermal annealing at elevated temperature revealed a significant influence on the magnetization state of the FineMET thin films and controlled annealing steps leads to ultra-soft magnetic properties, making these thin films alloys ideal for a wide range of applications

Comparison of MEK/ERK pathway inhibitors on the upregulation of vascular G-protein coupled receptors in rat cerebral arteries

Organ culture is an in vitro method for investigating cellular mechanisms involved in upregulation of vasocontractile G-protein coupled receptors. We hypothesize that mitogen-activated-protein kinase (MEK) and/or extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) specific inhibitors will attenuate the G-protein coupled receptor expression following organ culture. Rat cerebral arteries were incubated 48 h in the presence of MEK/ERK specific inhibitors U0126, PD98059, SL327, or AG126 for different time periods. Contractile responses by activation of endothelin receptor type A and type B. serotonin receptor 5-FIT18, prostanoid TP receptor, and angiotensin II receptor type 1 and type 2 were investigated. Results were verified by measurement of mRNA with real time PCR and by protein immunohistochemistry. Organ culture induced transcriptional upregulation of endothelin ETB receptor and of serotonin 5-HTIB receptor on translational level and increased respective contractions. The prostanoid TP receptor mediated contraction curve was left-wards shifted by organ culture. Organ culture was associated with elevated pERK1/2 in the vascular smooth muscle cells: the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 attenuated the endothelin ETB receptor mediated contraction at post-translational level or by changing the receptor affinities. The serotonin 5-HT,B receptor and prostanoid TP receptor mediated contractions were abolished by U0126. Administration of U0126 6 h after start of incubation blocked the receptor upregulation. In conclusion, MEK specific inhibitor U0126 is a potent inhibitor of G-protein coupled receptor alteration seen during organ culture. Given the ability to inhibit G-protein coupled receptor alteration at the clinically relevant time-point 6 h post incubation makes it an attractive therapeutic agent for in vivo studies. (C) 2010 Elsevier By. All rights reserved

Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Bokhasi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bayam Giti Hijau

This study aims to determine the effect of various types of bokashi on growth and yield of spinach green giti. The study used Randomized Block Design with three replications. The treatments were several doses bokashi consisting of five levels i.e.: control, bokashi leaves of Gliricidia 40 t/ha, bokashi leaves johar 40 t/ha, bokashi leaves lamtoro 40 t/ha, and bokashi goat manure 40 t/ha. Each treatment were consists of three replicates so that there are 3 x 5 = 15 experimental units. Processing research data conducted by using ANOVA subsequent treatment effect was tested further by the least significant difference test. The results showed that the provision of various types of bokashi not significantly affect the number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, but the real impact on plant fresh weight

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Ibu Melakukan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (Imd) di Rsia Siti Fatimah Makassar Tahun 2011

Every year the worlds estimated that nearly 3.3 million babies were born dead and more than 4 million others die within the first 28 days of life. One intervention that can be done to reduce the infant mortality rate (IMR) is to provide breast milk as soon as possible. Breastfeeding also known as early mother initiation of breastfeeding. However, in Indonesia, only 8% of mothers exclusively breast feed their babies until the age of six months and only 4% of mothers breast-fed infants during the first hour after birth.This study aimed to identify factors associated with early mothers initiation of breastfeeding in RSIA Siti Fatimah Makassar. This type of research is observational analytic with Cross Sectional Study. The population is all women who give birth in RSIA Siti Fatimah Makassar. Samples taken by Accidental Sampling. The number of samples of 94 mothers gave birth to normal within a period of research. Data analysis using Chi Square test (α = 0.05) and test the strength of the relationship Phi test. The results showed that there is a correlation between knowledge and early mothers initiation of breastfeeding (p value = 0.015 α = 0.05), there is no relationship between family support to early mothers initiation of breastfeeding (p value = 0.051 > α = 0.05), and there is a correlation between support for health workers to early mothers initiation of breastfeeding (p value = 0.000 <α = 0.05) with a strong relationship is (Ï = 0.457). It is recommended that health workers are more active in practice the ministry of early initiation of breastfeeding and birth mother and the family did not hesitate to ask for health workers carried out an early initiation of breastfeeding.Key Words: Early Breastfeeding Initiation, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Normal Birth Mother