Characteristics of Green Concrete with Industrial Wastes as Replacement of Fine and Coarse Aggregate

Waste generated due to various industrial activities are dumped as landfill posing serious environmental complications. Pollution control due to industrial waste has become one of concern across the globe. This study discusses foundry sand and coconut shell, two byproducts of the manufacturing and agriculture sectors. The most efficient use of these components is to include them into the concrete itself, either as a partial substitute for fine aggregate or coarse aggregate, or both. Durability tests were conducted on concrete samples with the replacement percentages determined to be optimal on the basis of mechanical characteristics. According to the findings, foundry sand may be utilised as a fine aggregate replacement in concrete, while coconut shell can be used as a coarse aggregate replacement without impacting its strength or durability

Characteristics of Green Concrete with Industrial Wastes as Replacement of Fine and Coarse Aggregate

Waste generated due to various industrial activities are dumped as landfill posing serious environmental complications. Pollution control due to industrial waste has become one of concern across the globe. This study discusses foundry sand and coconut shell, two byproducts of the manufacturing and agriculture sectors. The most efficient use of these components is to include them into the concrete itself, either as a partial substitute for fine aggregate or coarse aggregate, or both. Durability tests were conducted on concrete samples with the replacement percentages determined to be optimal on the basis of mechanical characteristics. According to the findings, foundry sand may be utilised as a fine aggregate replacement in concrete, while coconut shell can be used as a coarse aggregate replacement without impacting its strength or durability

Recent archaeological findings at Qaranilaca cave, Vanuabalavu Island, Fiji

A large sea cave on the southeastern tip of Vanuabalavu Island, northeast Fiji was excavated and shown to have been used by humans from about 1100 cal BP with rapid accumulation of material. The cave may have been uninhabitable until sufficient sand had built up to make flooding by the sea a rare event, and a possible fall in sea-level could have contributed. With rapid cooling and sea-level fall after about 700 BP, more intensive use followed. The cave probably gained prominence in serving as a location where marine resources were cooked prior to being carried to nearby mountain-top settlements, established as a consequence of environmental change affecting coastal settlements. It fell into disuse with the re-establishment of coastal villages about 150 years ago

Pacific Island Mangroves in a Changing Climate and Rising Sea

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Adapting to Pacific Island mangrove responses to sea level rise and climate change

Stresses associated with effects of climate change, including rise in relative mean sea level, present one set of threats to mangroves. Coastal development and ecosystems in the Pacific Islands region are particularly vulnerable to climate change effects. We investigated the capacity of Pacific Island countries and territories to assess mangrove vulnerability to the effects of climate change, and their capacity to adapt to mangrove responses to these forces. Technical and institutional capacity-building priorities include: (1) strengthening management frameworks to conduct site-specific assessment of mangrove vulnerability and incorporate resulting information into land-use plans to prepare for any landward mangrove migration and offsetting anticipated losses; (2) reducing and eliminating stresses on and rehabilitating mangroves, in part, to increase mangrove resilience to climate change effects; and (3) augmenting abilities to establish mangrove baselines, and monitor gradual changes using standardized techniques through a regional network to distinguish local and climate change effects on mangroves. Other priorities are to: (4) assess how mangrove margins have changed over recent decades; (5) determine projections of trends in mean relative sea level and trends in the frequency and elevation of extreme high water events; (6) measure trends in changes in elevations of mangrove surfaces; and (7) incorporate this information into land-use planning processes. Also in (8) some locations require spatial imagery showing topography and locations of mangroves and coastal development. Land-use planners can use information from assessments predicting shoreline responses to projected sea level rise and other climate change effects to reduce risks to coastal development, human safety, and coastal ecosystems. This advanced planning enables coastal managers to minimize social disruption and cost, minimize losses of valued coastal ecosystems, and maximize available option

Adapting to Pacific Island mangrove responses to sea level rise and climate change

Stresses associated with effects of climate change, including rise in relative mean sea level, present one set of threats to mangroves. Coastal development and ecosystems in the Pacific Islands region are particularly vulnerable to climate change effects. We investigated the capacity of Pacific Island countries and territories to assess mangrove vulnerability to the effects of climate change, and their capacity to adapt to mangrove responses to these forces. Technical and institutional capacity-building priorities include: (1) strengthening management frameworks to conduct site-specific assessment of mangrove vulnerability and incorporate resulting information into land-use plans to prepare for any landward mangrove migration and offsetting anticipated losses; (2) reducing and eliminating stresses on and rehabilitating mangroves, in part, to increase mangrove resilience to climate change effects; and (3) augmenting abilities to establish mangrove baselines, and monitor gradual changes using standardized techniques through a regional network to distinguish local and climate change effects on mangroves. Other priorities are to: (4) assess how mangrove margins have changed over recent decades; (5) determine projections of trends in mean relative sea level and trends in the frequency and elevation of extreme high water events; (6) measure trends in changes in elevations of mangrove surfaces; and (7) incorporate this information into land-use planning processes. Also in (8) some locations require spatial imagery showing topography and locations of mangroves and coastal development. Land-use planners can use information from assessments predicting shoreline responses to projected sea level rise and other climate change effects to reduce risks to coastal development, human safety, and coastal ecosystems. This advanced planning enables coastal managers to minimize social disruption and cost, minimize losses of valued coastal ecosystems, and maximize available option

Capacity of Pacific Island Countries and Territories to Adapt to Mangrove Responses to Changes in Sea-level and Other Climate Change Effects

No description availabl