Paleogeographic reconstruction of the Tuscan coastal area nearby Grotta dei Santi (Monte Argentario, Italy) during the Neandertal occupation

The mobility of hunter-gatherer groups is crucial in understanding Palaeolithic settlement dynamics. The concept of mobility cannot be separated from the space in which it occurs, including landscape components, localization of critical resources and of other sites, and routes between them. Nevertheless, the landscape is not constant in time due to the geomorphological changes that occurred in the long timescale of Prehistory. Here we present a paleogeographic reconstruction of the coastal area around Grotta dei Santi during the Neandertal occupation. A GIS-based approach, combining geological, bathymetric, and sea-level fluctuations data, allows us to reconstruct the landscape around the cave at about 45 ky BP. The cave today opens onto a cliff facing the sea. The Neandertal occupation occurred with a sea-level 74 m lower than present-day. Consequently, the cave faced a vast coastal plain, playing a strategic role due to its position, allowing both proximity and control of essential resources

Back to the Past. The paleogeography as key to understand the Middle Palaeolithic peopling at Grotta dei Santi (Mt Argentario – Tuscany)

The mobility of hunter-gatherer groups is crucial in understanding Palaeolithic settlement dynamics. The concept of mobility cannot be separated from the space in which it occurs, including landscape components, localization of critical resources and of other sites, and routes between them. Nevertheless, the landscape is not constant in time due to the geomorphological changes that occurred in the long timescale of Prehistory. Here we present a paleogeographic reconstruction of the coastal area around Grotta dei Santi during the Neandertal occupation. A GIS-based approach, combining geological, bathymetric, and sea-level fluctuations data, allows us to reconstruct the landscape around the cave at about 45 ky BP. The cave today opens onto a cliff facing the sea. The Neandertal occupation occurred with a sea-level 74 m lower than present-day. Consequently, the cave faced a vast coastal plain, playing a strategic role due to its position, allowing both proximity and control of essential resources

Mandibular growth and dentoalveolar development in the treatment of Class II, division 1, malocclusion using Balters Bionator according to the skeletal maturation

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of the skeletal maturation in the mandibular and dentoalveolar growth and development during the Class II, division 1, malocclusion correction with Balters bionator. METHODS: Three groups of children with Class II, division 1, malocclusion were evaluated. Two of them were treated for one year with the bionator of Balters appliance in different skeletal ages (Group 1: 6 children, 7 to 8 years old and Group 2: 10 children, 9 to 10 years old) and the other one was followed without treatment (Control Group: 7 children, 8 to 9 years old). Lateral 45 degree cephalometric radiographs were used for the evaluation of the mandibular growth and dentoalveolar development. Tantalum metallic implants were used as fixed and stable references for radiograph superimposition and data acquisition. Student's t test was used in the statistical analysis of the displacement of the points in the condyle, ramus, mandibular base and dental points. Analysis of variance one-fixed criteria was used to evaluate group differences (95% of level of significance). RESULTS: The intragroup evaluation showed that all groups present significant skeletal growth for all points analyzed (1.2 to 3.7 mm), but in an intergroup comparison, the increment of the mandibular growth in the condyle, ramus and mandibular base were not statically different. For the dentoalveolar modifications, the less mature children showed greater labial inclination of the lower incisors (1.86 mm) and the most mature children showed greater first permanent molar extrusion (4.8 mm).OBJETIVO: avaliar a influência da maturação óssea no processo de crescimento e de desenvolvimento mandibular e dentoalveolar durante a correção da Classe II, divisão 1, com o Bionator de Balters. MÉTODOS: foram avaliados três grupos de crianças com Classe II, divisão 1. Dois grupos foram tratados por um ano com o aparelho Bionator de Balters, em diferentes idades esqueléticas (Grupo 1: 6 crianças, com 7 a 8 anos de idade; e Grupo 2: 10 crianças, com 9 a 10 anos); e um grupo sem tratamento (Grupo controle: 7 crianças, com 8 a 9 anos). Telerradiografias laterais em norma de 45º foram utilizadas para a avaliação do crescimento mandibular e para o desenvolvimento dentoalveolar. Implantes metálicos de tântalo foram usados como referência fixa e estável para sobreposições radiográficas e aquisição de dados. Na análise estatística do deslocamento de pontos localizados na região de côndilo, corpo e base mandibular e de pontos dentários, foi empregado o teste t de Student; para avaliar as diferenças entre os grupos, usou-se a análise de variância a um critério de classificação (nível de significância de 95%). RESULTADOS: os grupos, quando avaliados individualmente, apresentaram crescimento de todos os pontos esqueléticos de forma significativa (1,2 a 3,7mm); porém, quando comparados entre si, a quantidade de crescimento na região do côndilo, ramo e base da mandíbula não foi estatisticamente diferente. Quanto às alterações dentárias, ocorreu maior inclinação dos incisivos inferiores para vestibular (1,86mm) nos pacientes menos maduros, e maior extrusão dos primeiros molares permanentes (4,8mm) nos pacientes mais maduros.Barretos UniversityUNESP School of Dentistry of Araraquara Children's Clinic DepartmentUSP FOBRibeirão Preto UniversityUNESP School of Dentistry of Araraquara Children's Clinic Departmen

Julius Caesar 1935. Shakespeare and Censorship in Fascist Italy.

On 1 August 1935, only a few months before Mussolini launched the colonial enterprise in Ethiopia, Shakespeare\u2019s Julius Caesar was produced at the Maxentius Basilica in Rome. The performance was organised by The National Workers\u2019 Recreational Club (O.N.D.) and the script was submitted for censorship. However, the procedure followed a different course from the usual one as the commissioner was also part of the Fascist political system. This parallel edition presents for the first time the integral script of the censored text of Shakespeare\u2019s Julius Caesar, in Raffaello Piccoli's 1925 Italian translation, and explores the implications of this peculiar type of censorship at the moment when, through Shakespeare, censoring became one and the same with political propaganda

"Medusa's gaze: A.S. Byatt's unfinished metamorphoses"

The essay explores the role of myth in postmodern narrative by discussing the example of Antonia S. Byatt's appropriation of the Gorgon's myth in one of her short stories, 'Medusa's Ankles', collected in her 1993 Matisse Stories

"Su alcune varianti traduttive del Macbeth"

Il saggio esamina il concetto di variante di 'autore' in contesto traduttivo. Particolare attenzione \ue8 dedicata a due redazioni italiane del Macbeth shakespeariano a cura di Alessandro Serpieri (1987 e 1996)

Verso un teatro di danza: i Four Plays for Dancers di W.B. Yeats.

Il saggio discute alcuni aspetti inerenti la genesi e le caratteristiche dei Plays for Dancers di W.B. Yeats alla luce delle teorie drammatiche dell'autore e del suo incontro, prima, con il ballerino Michio Ito e, pi\uf9 avanti, con la danzatrice Ninette de Valois. Segue, perci\uf2, la progressiva riconfigurazione di questi drammi verso il superamento di una danza pantomimica a favore di una espressivit\ue0 non ispirata a moduli di tipo orientale, pi\uf9 coerente con le suggestioni vocali del teatro di poesia di quanto non fosse la simbologia gestuale di derivazione N\u14d

"Inside (counter-)factuality: reassessing the narrator's discourse in Kazuo Ishiguro's The Remains of the Day"

The essay explores the topic of narrative unreliability with reference to Ishiguro's The Remains of the Day. After a theoretical reassesment of the narratological category of narrative authenticity and (un)trustworthiness, the analysis focuses on the narrator's discourse unveiling his subtle strategies of double-talk