EVALUATION OF CERTAIN INSECTICIDES AGAINST SPOTTED POD BORER [MARUCA VITRATA (GEYER)] ON MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA L.)

Present study was conducted at Agricultural Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi during Kharif season of 2013 and 2014 to know the efficacy of certain newer group of insecticides (Indoxacarb 14.5% SC, Spinosad 45% SC, Lambda cyhatlothrin 5% EC, Profenophos 50% EC, Imidacloprid 17.8% SL, Emamectin benzoate 5% SG, Thiamethoxam 25% WG, Bperofezine 25% SC and Clothianidin 50% WDG) against spotted pod borer (Maruca vitrata) on mungbean. In Kharif season of 2013and 2014Indoxacarb 14.5% SC, Spinosad 45% SC and Profenophos 50% EC were the most effective treatments and significantly superior to other treatment with 75.04, 73.02 and 68.50 % larval population reduction with maximum yield of mungbean i.e.,8.09, 9.06 and 8.59q/ha respectively, over control. The least effective treatment was Buprofezine 25% SC followed by Clothianidin 50% WDG with 40.87 and 38.66 % reduction in larval population and minimum yield of mungbeani.e.,8.13 and 8.55q/ha, respectively, over control

Assessment of Grasslands and Livestock Production in Kangra Valley of Himachal Pradesh

In Himachal Pradesh 89.96 percent as per 2011 census of population lives in rural areas. The mainstay of the people of Himachal Pradesh is agriculture and has an important place in the economy of the State. Agricultural census shows that 87.95 percent of the total holdings are of small and marginal. Rearing of livestock is an integral component of rural economy (Anonymous, 2014). Livestock depend to a certain extent on fodder and grass grown on common property resources (CPR) as well as on crops and residues. Animal production is an integral part and forms part of the earning of small and marginal farmers. Almost every household in the State maintains a few heads of livestock of one kind or the other. The indigenous livestock population, and in many cases their cross bred progeny are dependent on grazing/pasture land and forest. When these animals become unproductive, old or sick, there is a tendency to abandon them rather than be responsible for feeding them. Grassland/pastures produce far below their potential and there is a gap between demand and supply of green fodder. The geographical area of Kangra is 5, 63,832.3 ha and area under grasslands is 69,781.7 ha that comes around 27. 51%. (Singh et al., 2009). The problem of animal productivity has been exacerbated by the shortage of fodder as holdings have become smaller and the extent and productivity of common grazing lands has also reduced over time. There are mainly two reasons which are responsible for poor performance of livestock, i.e., low productive animals and low availability of fodder

A novel approach for weight reduction after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Diabesity constitutes coexistence of both diabetes and obesity has become a modern epidemic now. It can be linked with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia by various pathophysiological mechanism. Bariatric and metabolic surgery is a safe and effective treatment option for those affected by severe obesity and with its comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, sleep apnoea, knee problems etc. These same procedures have also been recognized for their impact on metabolic or hormonal changes that play a major role in hunger (the desire to start eating) and satiety (the desire to stop eating) as well as improvement and/or resolution of conditions like diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia which is associated with severe obesity. Bariatric surgery is a recognized and accepted approach for both weight-loss and many of the conditions that occur as a result of severe obesity.</jats:p

Effect of Ionospheric Density Gradients on vlf Propagation at Low Latitudes

145-148The effect of vertical density gradients on the wave normal directions of down coming vlf waves is studied in the absence as well as in the presence of horizontal density gradients; It is shown that the vertical density gradients have no effect on the wavenormal directions of vlf waves in the presence of horizontal density gradients. The cause of increased rate of occurrence of whistlers and vlf emissions at low latitudes during the period of magnetic disturbances is also discussed in the light of this result

Narrow Band Characteristics of Low Latitude VLF Hiss

133-135Intensity calculations are done in a realistic ionospheric model for ground-observed low latitude VLF hiss emissions to study their narrow band characteristics. The result shows that the narrow band characteristics could be explained satisfactorily in terms of incoherent Cerenkov process provided proper ionospheric losses are taken into account. The lower frequency cut-off of the emissions is found to be L-dependent and their generation region lies near L=1.68

Surgical management of colonic perforation due to ulcerative colitis: report of a case

Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is indicated electively in failure of medical therapy and development of malignancy and dysplasia in long standing cases and acutely in fulminant colitis, perforation, bleeding, obstruction or in toxic megacolon. The surgical procedure in the past used to be total proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy with its attendant psychological, social, physical, and sexual problems. With the advent of ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) patients with UC can have a good quality of life without fear of having the permanent ileostomy. The advancement of minimally access surgery has added a new wing to the surgical armamentarium in coping the postoperative recovery, body image, sexual dysfunction etc. Laparoscopic surgery appeals to patients undergoing IPAA because they are generally young and hope to gain the potential benefit of reduced disability, more rapid recovery, and a better body image as a result of more cosmetic incisions. Depending upon the clinical presentation patient may require two or three stage procedure.</jats:p

Propagation Characteristics of the Equatorial VLF Emissions

49-53Propagation characteristics of the day and nighttime equatorial VLF emissions observed in the satellites as well as on the ground are determined with the help of ray-tracing computations by employing ionospheric models which yield electron density distributions similar to those found in the equatorial anomaly. The results show that these emissions are propagated under the influence of the negative horizontal density gradients of the anomaly. Propagation characteristics of the daytime VLE emissions are almost similar during both quiet and disturbed periods. However, the propagation characteristics of the nighttime VLF emissions are influenced by the anomaly during disturbed periods only, and during quiet periods, the observation of the emissions on the ground depends upon the wavenormal angle at which they are generated

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