Nominatives in the coastal-aquatic vegetation lexis in the westernpollisyan dialects

У статті на підставі самостійно зібраних за розробленою програмою матеріалів представлено чималий набір номенів, які репрезентують болотні рослини в західнополіських говірках, визначено специфіку номінації цієї лексико-тематичної групи.Introduction. The article is based on independently developed program and collected sources which present considerable empirical material – set of noments representing coastal-aquatic vegetation in westernpollisyan dialects, identified specific category of lexical and thematic groups. Main text. Names of coastal-aquatic vegetation in westernpollisyan dialects form a plentiful vocabulary in terms of thematic group, level of representation and nominative variability of desyhnativs which are different. Lexical variation of group thoroughly imbued by synonymous relations, besides the same names for nomination of several desyhnativs are used. Summary and Conclusions. Most types of coastal-aquatic vegetation – monolexems. Analytical names are represented mainly by the type of attributive phrases

Категории времени и пространства в информационных естественно-языковых технологиях

В роботі аналізуються мовні засоби відтворення просторових та часових відношень для потреб автоматичного опрацювання мовного матеріалу. Акцентується увага на структурній організації цих засобів, які багато в чому подібні між собою. Ретельно аналізуються мовні засоби кількісного та якісного характеру для відтворення часу та простору, простежуються структурні особливості їх організації та взаємодії на шляху відтворення мовними засобами складних просторово-часових відношень.The language means of creation of spatial and sentinel relations are in-process analysed for the necessities of the automatic working of linguistic material. Attention is accented on structural organization of these facilities which in a great deal similar between itself. The language means of quantitative and high-quality character are carefully analysed for the creation of time and space, the structural features of their organization and cooperation on the way of creation of difficult spatio-temporal relations language means are traced.В работе анализируются языковые средства отображения пространственных и временных отношений с целью их использования для обработки текстовой информации. Акцентируется внимание на структурной организации этих средств, которые во многом подобные между собой. Тщательным образом анализируются языковые средства количественного и качественного характера для отображения времени и пространства, прослеживаются структурные особенности их организации и взаимодействия на пути представления языковыми средствами сложных пространственно-временных отношений

Atomically dispersed Pt-N-4 sites as efficient and selective electrocatalysts for the chlorine evolution reaction

Chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is a critical anode reaction in chlor-alkali electrolysis. Although precious metal-based mixed metal oxides (MMOs) have been widely used as CER catalysts, they suffer from the concomitant generation of oxygen during the CER. Herein, we demonstrate that atomically dispersed Pt-N-4 sites doped on a carbon nanotube (Pt-1/CNT) can catalyse the CER with excellent activity and selectivity. The Pt-1/CNT catalyst shows superior CER activity to a Pt nanoparticle-based catalyst and a commercial Ru/Ir-based MMO catalyst. Notably, Pt-1/CNT exhibits near 100% CER selectivity even in acidic media, with low Cl- concentrations (0.1M), as well as in neutral media, whereas the MMO catalyst shows substantially lower CER selectivity. In situ electrochemical X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals the direct adsorption of Cl- on Pt-N-4 sites during the CER. Density functional theory calculations suggest the PtN4C12 site as the most plausible active site structure for the CER

Platinum recycling going green via induced surface potential alteration enabling fast and efficient dissolution

The recycling of precious metals, for example, platinum, is an essential aspect of sustainability for the modern industry and energy sectors. However, due to its resistance to corrosion, platinum-leaching techniques rely on high reagent consumption and hazardous processes, for example, boiling aqua regia; a mixture of concentrated nitric and hydrochloric acid. Here we demonstrate that complete dissolution of metallic platinum can be achieved by induced surface potential alteration, an 'electrode-less' process utilizing alternatively oxidative and reductive gases. This concept for platinum recycling exploits the so-called transient dissolution mechanism, triggered by a repetitive change in platinum surface oxidation state, without using any external electric current or electrodes. The effective performance in non-toxic low-concentrated acid and at room temperature is a strong benefit of this approach, potentially rendering recycling of industrial catalysts, including but not limited to platinum-based systems, more sustainable

Методический инструментарий внедрения системы ключевых показателей эффективности деятельности специалистов розничного бизнеса коммерческого банка

Применение разработанного методического инструментария внедрения системы ключевых показателей эффективности деятельности специалистов розничного бизнеса коммерческого банка будет способствовать оперативной корректировке и оптимизации бизнес-процессов розничного сектора коммерческого банка, ориентированной на достижение финансового результата конкретного структурного подразделения (точки продаж), а также формированию уровня заработной платы специалиста по объективным критериям

Reconstruction of unbroken vasculature of mouse by varying the slope of the scan plane in MRI

Reconstruction of vascular net of small laboratory animals from MRI data is associated with some problems. This paper proposes a method of MRI data processing which allows to eliminate the fragmentation of reconstructed vascular net. Problem of vessels fragmentation occurs in the case when vessels are parallel to the scanning plane. Our approach is based on multiple scanning, object under consideration is probed by several sets of parallel planes. The algorithm is applied to real MRI data of small laboratory animals and shows good results

Особенности цитокинового профиля у детей с расстройством аутистического спектра

The aim of the study: to reveal the particularities of the concentration of cytokines IL4, IL6, IL10, IL17, IFNγ in blood serum in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Materials and methods. The blood samples obtained from children of two study groups: children with autism spectrum disorder (n = 93) and clinically healthy children (n = 30), served as the material for the  study. Cytokine concentrations were determined in blood serum using the Bender Medsystems (Austria) kits  for IL17A and Vector-Best (Russia) kits for IL4, IL6, IL10, IFNγ. Serum cytokine concentrations were determined by enzyme immunoassay using kits for IL17A (Bender Medsystems, Austria), IL4, IL6, IL10, IFNγ (Vector-Best, Russia). Assessment of cognitive and psychophysiological indicators in children was performed using the  Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC).Results. The concentrations of IL17A (U = 54; p = 0,015) and IFNγ (U = 4.64; p = 0,006) were increased and the concentrations of IL6 (U = 327; p = 0.001) and IL4 (U = 177; p = 0.001) were decreased in children with ASD. The concentration of IL6 correlates with the concentration of IL4 (r = 0.68; p < 0.05). The concentration of IL17A correlates with the concentration of IFNγ (r = 0.41; p < 0.05), IL6 (r = 0.87; p < 0.05) and ATEC score (r = 0.24; p < 0.05) in the group of children with ASD.Conclusion. The cytokine disbalance in children with ADS, which was observed in our study, confirms the  hypothesis of their participation in the development of the disease and clearly shows the Th17  immunoregulation pathway in the pathogenesis of the autism spectrum disorder.Цель работы: выявить уровень концентрации цитокинов IL-4, I-L6, IL-10, IL-17, IFNγ в сыворотке крови у детей с расстройством аутистического спектра (РАС).Материалы и методы. Материалом исследования служили образцы крови, полученные от детей двух групп исследования: детей с расстройством аутистического спектра (n = 93) и клинически здоровых детей (n = 30). Средний возраст в обеих группах составил (7 ± 2) лет. В сыворотке крови методом иммуноферментного анализа определяли концентрацию цитокинов IL-17А (с применением набора Bender Medsystems, Австрия) и IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFNγ (Вектор-Бест, Россия). Оценку когнитивных и  психофизиологических показателей проводили с помощью анкеты Autism TreatmentEvaluation Checklist (АТЕС).Результаты. У детей с РАС повышены значения концентрации IL-17A (U = 54; p = 0,015) и IFNγ (U = 4,64; p = 0,006) и снижены – IL-6 (U = 327; p = 0,001) и IL-4 (U = 177; p = 0,001) по сравнению с этими показателями у детей в контрольной группе. Установлены корреляции между концентрацией IL-6 и IL-4 (r = 0,68; p < 0,05); между IL-17A и IFNγ (r = 0,41; p < 0,05), IL-6 (r = 0,87; p < 0,05), количеством баллов АТЕС (r = 0,24; p < 0,05) у детей с РАС.Заключение. Установленный нами дисбаланс цитокинов у детей с РАС подтверждает гипотезу его участия в развитии РАС и свидетельствует об Th17-направлении  иммунорегуляции в патогенезе расстройств аутистического спектра

On the Need of Improved Accelerated Degradation Protocols (ADPs): Examination of Platinum Dissolution and Carbon Corrosion in Half-Cell Tests

In this work we employ the advanced scanning flow cell based analytical techniques, viz. inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SFC-ICP-MS) and on-line electrochemical mass-spectrometry (SFC-OLEMS) to directly detect the amounts of dissolved platinum and evolved carbon dioxide in two protocols that are commonly used in the fuel cell community to simulate load cycle and start-stop conditions in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In contrast to previous assumptions, claiming a separation between carbon corrosion and platinum dissolution, in both standard protocols platinum dissolution and carbon corrosion are present at low rates, which is also reflected by a comparably low ECSA decrease. On the other hand, a huge increase in rate of both processes is observed during transitions from low to high potential regimes experienced by a PEMFC in operation, here studied in a third protocol covering the whole potential range from 0.6 to 1.5 VRHE. The latter is typically not addressed in literature. This finding is explained by taking into account platinum catalyzed carbon corrosion and transient platinum dissolution. Based on the obtained results, the question is raised on the practical adequacy of the standard protocols for differentiation of degradation processes and simulation of the degradation processes occurring in PEMFCs