Exact Solution of a Reaction-Diffusion Model with Particle Number Conservation

We analytically investigate a 1d branching-coalescing model with reflecting boundaries in a canonical ensemble where the total number of particles on the chain is conserved. Exact analytical calculations show that the model has two different phases which are separated by a second-order phase transition. The thermodynamic behavior of the canonical partition function of the model has been calculated exactly in each phase. Density profiles of particles have also been obtained explicitly. It is shown that the exponential part of the density profiles decay on three different length scales which depend on total density of particles.Comment: 7 pages, REVTEX4, Contents updated and new references added, to appear in Physical Review

Conversion and degradation of [125I] labelled angiotensin I in isolated perfused porcine coronary and carotid arteries

The aims were (1) to quantitate angiotensin I to II conversion on the endothelial surface and at deeper sites in isolated arteries, (2) to assess whether the angiotensin II that is formed at deeper sites is released into the vascular lumen, and (3) to examine whether enzymes other than angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) are involved in vascular angiotensin I to II conversion. Methods: Metabolism of [125I]-angiotensin I was studied in isolated perfused porcine coronary and carotid arteries after luminal administration of the labelled peptide (in the perfusion fluid) and after adventitial administration (in the organ bath). Measurements were made both in the presence and in the absence of captopril. Results: [125I]-angiotensin II was a major metabolite and its formation was virtually completely blocked by captopril, after both luminal and adventitial administration of [125I]-angiotensin I. In coronary arteries (n = 8), the [125I]-angiotensin I to II conversion rate after adventitial administration was about half that after luminal administration. In coronary arteries (n = 6) the conversion rate after adventitial administration was 10–20 times lower than after luminal administration. Degradation of [125I]-angiotensin I into peptides other than [125I]-angiotensin II was also observed, with both luminal and adventitial administration. No [125I]-angiotensin I or II was released into the organ bath after luminal administration of [125I]-angiotensin I, and very little [125I]-angiotensin I and II entered the lumen after adventitial administration of [125I]-angiotensin I. Conclusions: (1) Vascular angiotensin I to II conversion is not limited to the endothelial surface. (2) ACE is the most important, if not the only, enzyme responsible for vascular angiotensin I to II conversion. (3) If angiotensin I and II are formed in the adventitia or media, little of these peptides will enter the vascular lumen

Short-Range Ising Spin Glass: Multifractal Properties

The multifractal properties of the Edwards-Anderson order parameter of the short-range Ising spin glass model on d=3 diamond hierarchical lattices is studied via an exact recursion procedure. The profiles of the local order parameter are calculated and analysed within a range of temperatures close to the critical point with four symmetric distributions of the coupling constants (Gaussian, Bimodal, Uniform and Exponential). Unlike the pure case, the multifractal analysis of these profiles reveals that a large spectrum of the $\alpha$-H\"older exponent is required to describe the singularities of the measure defined by the normalized local order parameter, at and below the critical point. Minor changes in these spectra are observed for distinct initial distributions of coupling constants, suggesting an universal spectra behavior. For temperatures slightly above T_{c}, a dramatic change in the $F(\alpha)$ function is found, signalizing the transition.Comment: 8 pages, LaTex, PostScript-figures included but also available upon request. To be published in Physical Review E (01/March 97

Nucleon to Delta Weak Excitation Amplitudes in the Non-relativistic Quark Model

We investigate the nucleon to Delta(1232) vector and axial vector amplitudes in the non-relativistic quark model of the Isgur-Karl variety. A particular interest is to investigate the SU(6) symmetry breaking, due to color hyperfine interaction. We compare the theoretical estimates to recent experimental investigation of the Adler amplitudes by neutrino scattering.Comment: \documentstyle[aps]{revtex}, 21pages; 11 postscript figures. Accepted for publication by Phys. Rev.

Light-cone actions and correlators of self-dual theories in AdS4

Self-dual Yang-Mills and Einstein gravity in Euclidean AdS4 are useful toy models because they can be described by simple scalar Lagrangians exhibiting a new manifestation of the colour/kinematics duality, as recently shown by two of the authors. In this paper, we clarify how the self-dual sectors fit into the full theories. In particular, we explicitly construct the light-cone action for Yang-Mills theory and Einstein gravity in AdS4 in terms of positive and negative helicity fields, where we are able to pinpoint the self-dual sector as expected. We then show that the boundary correlators of these theories take a remarkably simple form in terms of Feynman diagrams in half of flat space, acted on by certain differential operators. We also analyse their soft limits and show that they exhibit Weinberg-like soft factors, where the soft pole which appears in scattering amplitudes is replaced by a derivative with respect to the energy

Incidence of diabetic retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Service for Wales: retrospective analysis

Objectives To determine the incidence of any and referable diabetic retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending an annual screening service for retinopathy and whose first screening episode indicated no evidence of retinopathy

Young Adult Resilience for Recovery From Substance Addiction in Assam, India: Lived Experience Insights From a Photo-Led Interview Study

Substance addiction can be considered a form of social injustice grounded in interactions between individual, family and community-level risk factors. Although prevention and treatment of substance use disorder is a key target of the United Nations sustainable development goal Good Health and Well-Being, many low-and-middle-income countries lack a culturally validated approach for its management. We contend that a resilience approach may provide a sound basis from which to develop such an approach in non-western, low-resource settings. Hence, the aim of this study is to identify factors supporting resilience for recovery from substance addiction in the lived experience of young adults in Assam, India. We used photo-led interviews to centre the lived experience of young adult addicts-in-recovery (11 men, 5 women; 19–24 years) recruited through two rehabilitation services and their networks. Reflexive thematic analysis of the data produced three clusters of themes: (i) precursors to recovery; (ii) repairing relationships; and, (iii) structuring a life of recovery. Findings are discussed and potential areas for intervention are identified to support a multi-level, culturally informed, community-driven approach to recovery from substance addiction

Artificial-intelligence-based molecular classification of diffuse gliomas using rapid, label-free optical imaging

Molecular classification has transformed the management of brain tumors by enabling more accurate prognostication and personalized treatment. However, timely molecular diagnostic testing for patients with brain tumors is limited, complicating surgical and adjuvant treatment and obstructing clinical trial enrollment. In this study, we developed DeepGlioma, a rapid ($< 90$ seconds), artificial-intelligence-based diagnostic screening system to streamline the molecular diagnosis of diffuse gliomas. DeepGlioma is trained using a multimodal dataset that includes stimulated Raman histology (SRH); a rapid, label-free, non-consumptive, optical imaging method; and large-scale, public genomic data. In a prospective, multicenter, international testing cohort of patients with diffuse glioma ($n=153$) who underwent real-time SRH imaging, we demonstrate that DeepGlioma can predict the molecular alterations used by the World Health Organization to define the adult-type diffuse glioma taxonomy (IDH mutation, 1p19q co-deletion and ATRX mutation), achieving a mean molecular classification accuracy of $93.3\pm 1.6\%$. Our results represent how artificial intelligence and optical histology can be used to provide a rapid and scalable adjunct to wet lab methods for the molecular screening of patients with diffuse glioma.Comment: Paper published in Nature Medicin

Candidate superdeformed band in 28Si

Recent antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) calculations for 28Si suggest the presence of a superdeformed (SD) band with a dominant 24Mg+α clustering for its configuration, with firm predictions for its location and associated moment of inertia. This motivates a review of the experimental results reported in the literature with a particular focus on 24Mg(α,γ) studies, as well as on α-like heavy-ion transfer reactions such as 12C(20Ne,α)28Si. Combining this information for the first time leads to a set of candidate SD states whose properties point to their α-cluster structure and strong associated deformation. Analysis of data from Gammasphere allows the electromagnetic decay of these candidate states to be probed and reveals further supporting evidence for such a structure. This paper appraises this body of information and finds the evidence for an SD band is strong