IR Studies of Impurities in In-Se-Tl Bulk Chalcogenide Glassy System

Chalcogenide glasses with composition In10Se90-xTlx (7≤x≤15) and In15Se85-xTlx (2≤x≤10) are synthesized by melt quenching technique. The FT-IR transmission spectroscopy studies using KBr pellet method in the wavelength range 400-4000 cm-1 has been carried out. The In-Se-Tl glasses studies shows good transparency in the entire spectral range. There is an increase in percentage of transmittance values with increase in the Tl content. In the transmittance curve various absorption bands are seen, which are related to chemical bonds of different extrinsic impurities present in the glassy material. The vibrational properties of the impurities in the powdered samples are measured. Vibrational modes attributed to O-H hydroxyl groups, molecular H2O and carbon impurity atoms were detected in the mid-IR spectra

Coriolis effect on thermal convection in a couple-stress fluid-saturated rotating rigid porous layer

Both linear and weakly nonlinear stability analyses are performed to study thermal convection in a rotating couple-stress fluid-saturated rigid porous layer. In the case of linear stability analysis, conditions for the occurrence of possible bifurcations are obtained. It is shown that Hopf bifurcation is possible due to Coriolis force, and it occurs at a lower value of the Rayleigh number at which the simple bifurcation occurs. In contrast to the nonrotating case, it is found that the couple-stress parameter plays a dual role in deciding the stability characteristics of the system, depending on the strength of rotation. Nonlinear stability analysis is carried out by constructing a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations using truncated representation of Fourier series. Sub-critical finite amplitude steady motions occur depending on the choice of physical parameters but at higher rotation rates oscillatory convection is found to be the preferred mode of instability. Besides, the stability of steady bifurcating equilibrium solution is discussed using modified perturbation theory. Heat transfer is calculated in terms of Nusselt number. Also, the transient behavior of the Nusselt number is investigated by solving the nonlinear differential equations numerically using the Runge–Kutta–Gill method. It is noted that increase in the value of Taylor number and the couple-stress parameter is to dampen the oscillations of Nusselt number and thereby to decrease the heat transfer

Effect Of Thallium Additive On Heat Capacities Of In-Se Bulk Chalcogenide Glasses

Chalcogenide glasses are promising materials for optoelectronic device applications. Heat capacity of such materials is the essential physical parameter to estimate the energy/data storage capacity. In the present work, the effect of Tl incorporation on heat capacities ΔCpg, ΔCpc and ΔCpm of In10Se90-xTl x (7≤x≤15) and In15Se85-xTlx (2≤x≤10) bulk glasses have been investigated by analyzing the Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram plots. Composition dependence of heat capacities of In-Se-Tl glassy systems have been obtained at the peaks of the glass transitions, crystallizations and melting temperatures (Tg, Tc and Tm). It is found that the heat capacities of In10Se90-xTl x and In15Se85-xTlx glasses increases initially with the incorporation of thallium (up to x≤13 and x≤6) and reaches to maximum at x=13 and x=6 respectively beyond which it decreases. This behavior seems to follow the change in network connectivity and rigidity and may be explained with the help of chemical bond theory of solids. Further in these glassy materials, at the average coordination =2.46 (x=13) and = 2.42 (x=6) a sharp slope change is seen in the composition dependence of heat capacity of both the series which is attributed to the rigidity percolation threshold

Evaluation of the accuracy, precision and validity of hydrophylic vinyl polysiloxane impression material for bite mark analysis

The present study was undertaken to assess the accuracy, precision and validity of hydrophilic Vinyl Poly Siloxane [VPS] impression material for bite mark documentation and analysis. Medium body VPS impressions of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth among thirty subjects were taken and dental stone casts prepared. Hollow volume overlays were made and metric analysis was done using advanced imaging software like Adobe Photoshop - 9 and Image J. These values were compared to the measurements taken from bite mark impressions of the same 30 individuals on wax wafers using light body VPS material. The mean differences in the parameters measured by the different techniques were compared using Intra Class Correlation Coefficients [ICCC]. Additionally validity parameters such as sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were computed

Effect of integrated nutrient management and spacing on seed quality parameters of black gram cv. Lbg-625 (rashmi)

A field experiment was conducted to assess the response of nutrient levels and spacing on seed quality attributes of black gram cv. LBG-625 (Rashmi). Experimental results revealed that fertilizer application of 50:100:100 + Black gram rhizobia (250 g ha-1) + PSB- Bacillus megaterium (250 g ha-1) recorded highest test weight (39.27 g), germination (90.60%), root length (15.77 cm), shoot length (13.43 cm), mean seedling length (29.20 cm), mean seedling dry weight (57.99 mg), seedling vigour index-I (2656), seedling vigour index-II (525), total dehydrogenase activity (0.998), protein content (23.16%), field emergence (86.56 %) lowest electrical conductivity (0.813 dSm-1) were superior over other fertilizer treatments. Among the planting geometry 60 x 10 cm recorded more germination per cent (90.48 %) compared to 45 x 10 cm (87.64 %) and 30 x 10 cm (86.91 %). Interaction of nutrient levels and spacing through the application of 50:100:100 + black gram rhizobia (250 g ha-1) + PSB- B. megaterium (250 g ha-1) with planting geometry 60 x 10 cm recorded more mean seedling length (34.40 cm), mean seedling dry weight (58.30 mg),and field emergence (90.24 %) lowest electrical conductivity (0.776 dSm-1) compared to control. The application of 50:100:100 + Black gram rhizobia (250 g ha-1) + PSB- B. megaterium (250 g ha-1) with planting geometry 60 x 10 cm were considered as seed quality improvement approach in blackgram, therefore conjunctive use of inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizer may be suggested for higher seed quality parameters along with overall betterment of crop

Building Location-based Service with Java Technologies

The growing use of Java in Location-based Service provides an opportunity to find solutions for problems and challenges in the rapidly changing telecommunications environment. This paper describes the development of location-based service components using Java technologies. The technologies include J2ME, Servlet, Java Server Pages (JSP) and XML Java Binding Tool. The developed components are the location server simulator, location service application and device client application. This study is crucial for support of BT’s launch of User Location Service on prototype ERICA mobile application platform through supporting the testing and validation of the platform components

A Context Gathering Framework for Context-Aware Mobile Solutions

One of the fundamental design issues in context-aware mobile services development is the necessary support for adequately powerful yet efficient querying of the sensory data. This issue argues for research into the creation of a technology-independent, high-level software application programming interface (API) that provides mechanisms for dealing with the heterogeneity of sensors providing raw context data. In this paper, we review approaches in existing context-aware platforms especially those that consider with sensory data acquisition. The review formed the basis for the design and development of the context gathering framework which consists of sensor data model, messaging and communication protocol and software application programming interface. These components form as one of the enabler to support the development of context aware mobile applications

Building of the Enabled Web-Based GIS Participation System: A Tool to Enhance Community Participation in City Development Plan

This research has been conducted under the frame work of GIS interoperability infrastructure financed by the Malaysian Ministry of Science and Technology. In this paper, we discuss the development and analyze the potential application of the Geographical Information System (GIS) and Internet computing to enhance community participation in the decision making processes i.e. in Local Plan of Block 3, Melaka Tengah district as a model. The focus of this paper is on the designing and development of the enabled Web-based GIS Participation System called, GISPSS. It is considered to be similar to a Real Time Resources Discovery Server but it comprises four main complimentary components: the Map Viewer, the Objection Support, the Planning Process Documentation, and the Web Content Management. The functional features of these components are highlighted. The multi-tiered architecture forms the basis of the Enabled Webbased GIS system has been adopted in this research

MEDICT: A Malay<-> English Bilingual Dictionary For Java Mobile Phones

Today, mobile phones provide number of advanced functions, among which possibility of running mobile applications seems to be the most interesting feature. It changes a standard mobile phone into a mini-size yet still powerful computer that able to run various applications, for example games, stock checkup, map guide, dictionary and so on. This paper presents a project currently in progress which aims at the construction of bi-directional Malay - English translation dictionary named MEDict. MEDict is an easy-to-use mobile dictionary that is the ideal reference tool for all those requiring quick access to word translations. MEDict will ideally suit J2ME mobile phones with GPRS connectivity. This paper delivers the initial development progress of MEDict. It covers the functional requirements and possible development approaches followed in building MEDict. The project incorporates the development of four main components: (1) a java-based mobile client that provides interface for front-end query input; (2) a back-end database for serving dictionary contents; (3) a dictionary service for handling the exchange between the mobile client's queries and the database; (4) a web system that allows the administrator to manage the dictionary contents. The key contribution of this study is the use of Java and mobile technologies to develop a translation dictionary between two languages that has not been previously supported. The developed mobile dictionary is expected to meet the needs of a wide range of users such as language learners, native speakers, travelers and business professionals in Malaysia

Evaluation of Dolichos (Lablab purpureus L.) Germplasm for Pod Yield and Pod Related Traits

Fifty seven pole type vegetable dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus var. typicus) germplasm lines collected from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Pondicherry were evaluated in a replicated experiment at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, for pod yield and pod -related traits during 2006-08. Significant differences were recorded for all traits studied. IIHR 177 was the earliest to flower in 43 days and pods matured in 65 days. IIHR 6 recorded maximum pod length (16.5 cm) , and, ten-pod weight was maximum in IIHR 7 (122 g). Pod width was high in IIHR 11 (4.05 cm). Number of pods per plant ranged from 10 to 91, with the maximum in IIHR 159. Maximum pod-yield was recorded in IIHR 150 and IIHR 159 (576.0 g/plant). Six different pod-colors (green, light green, purple, purple green, pink and creamy- white) were recorded. Maximum number of lines (52.63%) had green pod. The present study indicates existence of a wide range of variability for pod characters, namely, pod-maturity, pod -length, tenpod weight, number of pods per plant and pod- colour. High yielding lines with different pod types can serve as potentially useful parents in further breeding