Effect of ras-blockers and no-cycle metabolites on the renal functions of rats exposed to thyroxine injections

Dolomatov S. I., Sataieva T. P. Effect of ras-blockers and no-cycle metabolites on the renal functions of rats exposed to thyroxine injections. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(1):41-55. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13902http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%281%29%3A41-55https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/522594http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13902Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011 – 2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja.Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie.Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r.The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014).© The Author (s) 2015;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 15.06.2014. Revised 05.10.2014. Accepted: 12.01.2015. EFFECT OF RAS-BLOCKERS AND NO-CYCLE METABOLITES ON THE RENAL FUNCTIONS OF RATS EXPOSED TO THYROXINE INJECTIONS S. I. Dolomatov, T. P. Sataieva Crimea State Medical UniversitySimferopol, Russian FederationCorresponding  author:Sergei DolomatovE-mail: [email protected]. Evaluating the role of RAS and NO-dependent pathogenic mechanisms of formation of renal dysfunction in disorders of the thyroid status. Methods. First 2 groups of experimental white male outbredrats was administered thyroxine (T4) in a dose of 50 g / 100 g per body weight injected intraperitoneally on 1% starch gel base once or during 7 days. In addition, rats were administered non-selective NO-synthase inhibitor Nω-NLA.  Those rats were exposed to single administration of the combined T4 (intraperitoneally, 50mg/100g body weight in 24 hours before water loading) and Nω-NLA (intraperitoneally 1 mg / 100 g body weight 30 min before water loading). As a comparison we studied a group of animals received only an equivalent dose only or T4 Nω-NLA only 1 mg / 100 g body weight in 30 min before water loading. After 7-days. of T4 administration the same rats received water solution of losartan (10 mg / l) or water solution of captopril (20 mg / l) for 24 hours after the last administration of T4. Another group of rats was treated with T4 for 7 days and afterwards  was administered L-arginine in a dose 2 mg / 100 g bw per day or water solution (20 mg / l) of sodium nitrite. Rats in the control group for 7 days. was administered intragastrically gel containing no T4. Kidney function was studied  in 24h after administration of T4 in terms of water 5% loading on kidneys. Results. It was found out that administaration of RAS-blockers increases creatinine clearance value after either a single or prolonged administration of T4 in rats. However, decreased renal excretion of endogenous nitrates and protein as well as prevented retention of endogenous nitrite was registered in rats only after administration of losartan after 7 days of T4 administration. Prolonged administration of T4 to the rats  was accompanied by  weakened  renal effects of NO and activated the arginine dependent pathway of NO synthesis into the nitrite reduction,  evidenced by the increase of endogenous nitrite level in blood plasma of rats treated with T4 continuously along with no pronounced corrective effect of exogenous arginine in hyperthyroid animals and elevated creatinine clearance under the influence of exogenous sodium nitrite in the hyperthyroid animals. Conclusion. Discovered  effects of RAS blockers allow us to recommend this pharmacological agents as an effective way to slow down the progression of renal dysfunction inthyroid pathlogy. Keywords: rat, hyperthyroidism, renal function, RAS- inhibitors, nitrites, nitrates

Proteomics

Proteomics is a branch of molecular biology that deals with the identification and quantification of proteins in living objects, as well as the analysis of protein functions and their interactions. Proteomics is studied by proteins that are expressed in a given cell, tissue or organism over a period of time (under certain conditions). It is known that information about the primary structure of a protein (the sequence of amino acid residues in a protein) is contained in a structural gene in the form of a codon sequence (genetic code). On the other hand, less than 10% of genes are functionally active (expressed) in the somatic cells of our body. Moreover, a distinct tissue-specific expression of genes is observed. This, in turn, leads to the peculiarities of the qualitative composition of the synthesized proteins in various tissues. No less important is the fact that the total amount of proteins synthesized by our tissues is much greater than the total number of structural genes containing information about their original structure. This phenomenon is explained by the activity of such mechanisms as alternative splicing and a wide variety of post-translational peptide processing pathways (covalent modification of a polypeptide synthesized on the ribosome) in health and disease. Thus, even a brief review of the semantic content of the term "proteomics" indicates an extremely complex system of protein molecules in our body, which plays a fundamental role in maintaining homeostasis and is involved in the formation of adaptive responses in response to adverse changes in the internal and external environment

Роль ренин-ангиотензиновой системы и цикла оксида азота в патогенезе гипертиреоидной почки

Изучение роли ренин ангиотензиновой системы и цикла оксида азота в патогенезе гипертиреоидной почки на раннем временном отрезке моделирования экспериментального гипертиреоза у белых крыс, вызванного введением тироксина.Тироксин (Т4) по 50 мкг/100 г м.т. вводили внутрижелудочно на 1% крахмальном геле однократно или на протяжении 5 и 7 сут. Кроме того, на фоне однократного введения Т4 вводили раствор аскорбиновой кислоты (0,2 мг/100 г м.т.) за 30 мин до водной нагрузки или в течение 24 ч с момента введения Т4 выпаивали раствором каптоприла (50 мг/л). После 5 сут. введения Т4 крыс также выпаивали раствором лозартана (10 мг/л) в течение 24 ч с момента последнего введения Т4. Крысам, получавших Т4 в течение 7 сут., назначали L аргинин по 2 мг/100 г м.т. в сут., или выпаивали раствором (20 мг/л) нитрита натрия. Крысам контрольной группы животных в течение 7 сут. внутрижелудочно вводили гель, не содержащий Т4. Деятельность почек изучали через 24 ч после завершения введения Т4 в условиях 5% водной нагрузки. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Установлено, что блокаторы РАС повышают величину клиренса креатинина после однократного и продолжительного введения крысам Т4, однако снижение выделения почками крыс эндогенных нитратов и белка, а также редотвращение ретенции эндогенных нитритов регистрируется только при назначении животным лозартана через 5 сут. после введения Т4. Продолжительное введение крысам Т4 сопровождается ослаблением ренальных эффектов NO и переключением аргинин зависимого пути синтеза NO на нитритредуктазный, о чем свидетельствует повышение уровня эндогенных нитритов в плазме крови крыс, продолжительно получавших Т4, отсутствие выраженного корригирующего нефротропного эффекта экзогенного аргинина у гипертиреоидных животных и нарастание клиренса креатинина под влиянием экзогенного нитрита натрия в группе гипертиреоидных животных.The aim of the investigation was to study the role of renin angiotensine system (RAS) and nitrogen oxide cycle in pathogenesis of hyperthyroid kidney at an early time period of modeling experimental hyperthyroidism in albino rats caused by administration of thyroxin.It was established that RAS blockers increased the value of creatinin clearance after a single and continuous administration of T4 to rats, but decreased excretion by the rats’ kidneys of endogenous nitrates and protein as well as prevention of endogenous nitrites retention was registered only when the animals were given Lozartan in 5 days after administration of T4. Continuous administration of T4 to rats was followed by weaker effects of NO and redirection of the arginine dependent way of NO synthesis to the nitrite reductase one, which is shown by increased level of endogenous nitrites in blood plasma of the rats continuously given T4, the absence of a pronounced correcting nephrotropic effect of exogenous arginin in hyperthyroid animals and growth of creatinin clearance under the influence of exogenous sodium nitrite in the group of hyperthyroid animals

Concentration of paramagnetic centres at low-temperature thermal destruction of asphaltenes of heavy petroleum distillates

© Kazan Federal University (KFU).Changes of paramagnetic centers (PC) concentration in dispersed petroleum systems were studied in the process of low-temperature thermolysis. The kinetic model of PC concentration dynamics based on the processes of unpaired electrons formation during singlet-triplet transitions, weak chemical bonds dissociation and recombination of free radicals is proposed. PACS: 75.20.-g, 96.20.Dt, 02.30.H

EPR study of spectra transformations of the intrinsic vanadyl-porphyrin complexes in heavy crude oils with temperature to probe the asphaltenes' aggregation

Temperature dependencies of electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of intrinsic paramagnetic vanadyl complexes and dynamical viscosity for two heavy crude oils and asphalt samples are measured. Transitions between the different motional conditions (from the rigid to the fast motion regimes) are observed. The rotational correlation times (in the model of the isotropic diffusion) are extracted. It is shown that the characteristic temperatures for the motional regime transitions are mainly defined by the asphaltenes' content. From our analysis it follows that the thermal treatment leads to the destruction of the asphaltene complexes onto the 4-5 small pieces. The results indicate that paramagnetic vanadyl complexes are the sensitive intrinsic probes to study qualitatively and quantitatively structural transformations of aspahltenes of heavy crude oils in-situ

EPR study of spectra transformations of the intrinsic vanadyl-porphyrin complexes in heavy crude oils with temperature to probe the asphaltenes' aggregation

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. Temperature dependencies of electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of intrinsic paramagnetic vanadyl complexes and dynamical viscosity for two heavy crude oils and asphalt samples are measured. Transitions between the different motional conditions (from the rigid to the fast motion regimes) are observed. The rotational correlation times (in the model of the isotropic diffusion) are extracted. It is shown that the characteristic temperatures for the motional regime transitions are mainly defined by the asphaltenes’ content. From our analysis it follows that the thermal treatment leads to the destruction of the asphaltene complexes onto the 4–5 small pieces. The results indicate that paramagnetic vanadyl complexes are the sensitive intrinsic probes to study qualitatively and quantitatively structural transformations of aspahltenes of heavy crude oils in-situ

The practical significanse of determination of the osmolality of the saliva in healthy and ill patients

Цель работы исследование динамики показателей осмоляльности слюны женщин с патологическим течением беремен ности и при парадонтите на фоне беременности. Установлено, что слюна является гипоосмотической жидкостью, а полоскание полости рта 0,9% раствором хлорида натрия, в группе практически здоровых небеременных женщин, приводит к снижению осмоляльности слюны. Показано, что физиологическое течение беременности сопровождается снижением содержания в слюне осмотически активных веществ, нитритов и общего кальция, а полоскание полости рта 0,9% раствором хлорида натрия не вызывает уменьшения концентрации осмотически активных веществ в слюне. При патологическом течении беременности не происходит характерного для физиологически протекающей беременности понижения величины содержания в слюне осмотически активных веществ и нитритов. В слюне беременных с парадонтитом регистрируется максимально высокое содержание нитритов и молекул средней массы, а также устойчивое повышение осмоляльности слюны в сравнении со здоровыми беременными. Установлено, что течение парадонтита на фоне беременности характеризуется более высоким уровнем в слюне ДГЭА-сульфата и снижени ем эстриола, в сравнении с контрольной группой беременных. Исследование осмотического состава слюны может дать ценную информацию о состоянии полости рта при физиологическом и патологическом течении беременности.The aim is the study of the data dynamics of osmolality of saliva of women with pathologic pregnancy and with paradontitis during pregnancy. Was determined that saliva is hyperosmic fluid, and mouth wash with 0,9% saline solution in the group of health nonpregnant women leads to the decrease in osmolality of saliva. Also was noted that physiologic flow of pregnancy leads to the decrease in saliva of omatically active substances, nitrates and total calcium, and the mouth rinse with the 0,9% saline solution does not lead to the decrease in the concentration of osmotically active substances in saliva. In pathologic pregnancy flow the characteristic for the physiological pregnancy decrease of the value of the concentration of osmotically active substances and nitrates does not take place. In the saliva of pregnant women with paradontitis the concentration of nitrates and medium weight molecules are at their highest, and also a stable increase of osmolality of saliva in comparison with health women take place. It was noted that the paradontitis flow during the pregnancy is сharacterized by a higher level in saliva of DHEA-sulfate and the decrease of estradiol, in comparison with control group of pregnant women. The investigation of osmotic consistence of saliva can give a valuable information about the state of the mouth cavity state during physiologic and pathologic pregnancy flow

Features of nitrogen metabolism in fishes

Presence in water is easily metabolized nitrogen-containing substances is a vital condition for the existence of food organisms in ponds used for fish reproduction. At the same time, the end products of nitrogen metabolism—ammonia, nitrites and nitrates are always displayed the body of fish into the environment, adding to the total number of these compounds dissolved in water. Ammonia, nitrite and nitrate anions are formed during biological processes, as well as man-made origin, have toxic properties and are considered as environmental factors that may limit fish productivity of reservoirs. The results of a brief review of the literature showed that the features of nitrogen metabolism in fish are actual direction of research, both theoretical science and in practical fish farming. Published the results of studies of amino acid metabolism in fish suggest that, firstly, the processes responsible for the neutralization and the release of ammonia from the body of fish, as well as ontogenetic aspects of the dynamics of formation and emission of ammonia is not fully understood. Meanwhile, several authors stressed the importance of this area of interest for the formation of science-based ways to improve the efficiency of plant breeding in fish culture. Secondly, endogenous nitrite, being the product of oxidation of the molecule nitric oxide and its transport form, the norm are always present in fish. However, the mechanisms responsible for maintaining the stability of the concentration of nitrite in the internal environment of fish, not well understood. Also, in our opinion, of interest to determine the physiological rules of nitrites and nitrates in the body of various species, depending on the seasons and stages of ontogeny. Thirdly, the literature pays much attention to the toxic properties of nitrite in water biocenosis. Certainly, the analysis of the manifestation in fish tissue-specific toxic effects of nitrites and their derivatives—an important area of research. Nevertheless, we can not exclude that it may be quite promising analysis of the incorporation of exogenous nitrite as a substrate exist in fish of the physiological mechanisms re-synthesis of nitric oxide. This kind of “interference” of endogenous and exogenous nitrite-anions are not causing serious structural damage to organs and tissues, however, can cause substantial damage to the practical fish farming, causing changes in the level of regulatory mechanisms of fish at the most critical stages: when working with manufacturers, the incubation of eggs, and larvae rearing and wintering fish.Walery Zuko