Kaluza-Klein brane cosmology with a bulk scalar field

The brane-world cosmological model in higher-dimensional spacetime with a bulk scalar field is investigated. We derive the $(4+n)$-dimensional gravitational field equations for the scalar field on the $(3+n)$-brane in a $(5+n)$-dimensional bulk with Einstein gravity plus a self-interacting scalar field. The $(4+n)$-dimensional gravitational field equations can be formulated to standard form with the extra component. Using this formalism we study the Kaluza-Klein brane cosmology. We derive the Friedmann equation and a possible energy leak out of the brane into the bulk. We present some exact solutions corresponding to vacuum brane and matter on the brane.Comment: 11 pages, one section added, accepted for publication in PR

Profil Keterampilan Komunikasi Siswa SMP Pada Pembelajaran Dengan Strategi Reading Infusion Dan Penggunaan Socrative

: Communication ability head for a present of exchange information to accomplish the same comprehension. However, this ability did not conducted optimally which can be seen a reality that a teacher hardly to make student pose a question. Reading Infusion (RI) and Socrative (SC) was used to solve the communication ability problem. Quasi-experiment research with static comparison group design was fully conducted in three classes such as RISC class, kelas RI class and SC class. Communi-cation profil of the subject is explored using Knowledge Hierarchy (KH) dan Question Hierarchy (QH). Then by measured the Effect Size (ES) the result shown that no differences of student communi-cation ability by KH and there is difference in student communication ability using QH. RISC class student question frequency has the high lever question and the most frequency among the three classes

The effect of multiple intelligence theory based teaching towards students’ achievement on electrical circuit topic

Abstract The research aims to identify the effect of implementing multiple intelligences theory based teaching towards students’ achievement on electrical circuit topic. Totally 66 of 8th grade junior high school students were selected through convenience sampling technique as experimental group subjects of this research. The experimental group was instructed to learn through multiple intelligences theory based teaching as the treatment in learning electrical circuit topic. This experimental study lasted for 6 meetings in 6 weeks and conducted using one group pre-test and post-test design. To evaluate the effect of the treatment on students’ achievement, an achievement test about electrical circuit topic which consisted of 24 items was distributed and analyzed using SPSS. The result showed that normalized gain value was 0.28 which categorized as a low improvement. In other word, students’ achievement on electrical circuit topic improved after being taught by multiple intelligences theory based teaching.</jats:p