Condensed data on the aircraft engines of the world

This compilation of the outstanding characteristics of the available aircraft engines of the world was prepared as a compact ready reference for desk use. It does not pretend to be anything but a skeleton outline of the characteristics of engines reported in the technical press as being in either the experimental, development, or production stage

Chiral particle separation by a non-chiral micro-lattice

We conceived a model experiment for a continuous separation strategy of chiral molecules (enantiomers) without the need of any chiral selector structure or derivatization agents: Micro-particles that only differ by their chirality are shown to migrate along different directions when driven by a steady fluid flow through a square lattice of cylindrical posts. In accordance with our numerical predictions, the transport directions of the enantiomers depend very sensitively on the orientation of the lattice relatively to the fluid flow

Evaluation des Nationalen Programms Ernährung und Bewegung 2008–2012 [Evaluation NPEB 2008-2012]

Le PNAAP 2008–2012 définit la stratégie nationale pour la promotion d’une alimentation équilibrée et d'une activité physique suffisante. Le 18 juin 2008, le Conseil fédéral adoptait le programme et chargeait le DFI de sa mise en pratique. Ce programme définit des objectifs à long terme ainsi que des champs d’action prioritaires pour la marche à suivre au plan national ; c’est aussi sur ce programme que se base la collaboration des différents acteurs impliqués. Sa mise en œuvre a été confiée à l’Office fédéral de la santé publique (OFSP), en collaboration avec l’Office fédéral du sport (OFSPO) et en coordination avec les cantons et Promotion Santé Suisse (PSS). Le PNAAP a une vision: motiver la population et plus particulièrement les jeunes à se nourrir de manière équilibrée et à bouger suffisamment, car ces mesures sont à même de lutter efficacement contre la surcharge pondérale, l’obésité, les troubles du comportement alimentaire et les maladies non transmissibles qui y sont liées. Le programme a cinq objectifs: 1. Assurer la coordination nationale 2. Promouvoir une alimentation équilibrée 3. Promouvoir l’activité physique et le sport 4. Réaliser des modèles intégrés de promotion d’un poids corporel sain 5. Optimiser le conseil et la thérapi

Additive Anti-Tumor Effects of Lovastatin and Everolimus In Vitro through Simultaneous Inhibition of Signaling Pathways

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedThis work was supported by a research grant from the Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich (Förderprogramm für Forschung und Lehre [FöFoLe], grant number 865/829)

Acute radiation syndrome caused by accidental radiation exposure - therapeutic principles

Fortunately radiation accidents are infrequent occurrences, but since they have the potential of large scale events like the nuclear accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima, preparatory planning of the medical management of radiation accident victims is very important. Radiation accidents can result in different types of radiation exposure for which the diagnostic and therapeutic measures, as well as the outcomes, differ. The clinical course of acute radiation syndrome depends on the absorbed radiation dose and its distribution. Multi-organ-involvement and multi-organ-failure need be taken into account. The most vulnerable organ system to radiation exposure is the hematopoietic system. In addition to hematopoietic syndrome, radiation induced damage to the skin plays an important role in diagnostics and the treatment of radiation accident victims. The most important therapeutic principles with special reference to hematopoietic syndrome and cutaneous radiation syndrome are reviewed

Intensification of chemotherapy for the treatment of solid tumours: feasibility of a 3-fold increase in dose intensity with peripheral blood progenitor cells and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

Dose intensity may be an important determinant of the outcome in cancer chemotherapy, but is often limited by cumulative haematological toxicity. The availability of haematopoietic growth factors such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and of peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) transplantation has allowed the development of a new treatment strategy in which several courses of high-dose combination chemotherapy are administered for the treatment of solid tumours. PBPCs were mobilised before chemotherapy using 12 or 30 micrograms kg-1 day-1 G-CSF (Filgrastim) for 10 days, and were collected by 2-5 leucaphereses. The yields of mononuclear cells, colony-forming units and CD34-positive cells were similar at the two dose levels of Filgrastim, and the numbers of PBPCs were sufficient for rescue following multiple cycles of chemotherapy. High-dose chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide 2.5 g m-2 for 2 days, etoposide 300 mg m-2 for 3 days and cisplatin 50 mg m-2 for 3 days) was administered sequentially for a median of three cycles (range 1-4) to ten patients. Following the 30 evaluable cycles, the median duration of leucopenia < or = 0.5 x 10(9) l-1 and < or = 1.0 x 10(9) l-1 was 7 and 8 days respectively. The median time of thrombopenia < or = 20 x 10(9) l-1 was 6 days. There was no cumulative haematological toxicity. The duration of leucopenia, but not of thrombopenia, was inversely related to the number of reinfused CFU-GM (granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units). In the majority of patients, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity became dose limiting after three cycles of therapy. However, the average dose intensity delivered was about three times higher than in a standard regimen. The complete response rate in patients with small-cell lung cancers was 66% (95% CI 30-92%) and the median progression-free survival and overall survival were 13 months and 17 months respectively. These results are encouraging and should be compared, in a randomised fashion, with standard dose chemotherapy

Open Spinal Dysraphism Without Hindbrain Herniation—Natural History and Postnatal Outcome

Objective: To report the natural history of fetuses with open spinal dysraphism (OSD) without hindbrain herniation (HBH) during second-trimester evaluation. Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted across three prenatal centers to evaluate fetuses with OSD. We reviewed cases with postnatally confirmed OSD without prenatal HBH at 19–27 weeks. Standardized prenatal evaluation consisted of repetitive ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Postnatal outcome measures involved imaging, intraoperative findings and neurological function tests. Results: Among 280 fetuses with OSD, evaluated at a median gestational age of 21 weeks, a total of 12 (4%) lacked HBH. Moderate ventriculomegaly was observed in 33% of cases without HBH. Corpus callosum anomalies were not detected. Postnatally, HBH was present in 50%, while the shunt rate remained low (20%). In 80%, postnatal motor function (MF) was equal to or better based on the anatomical level. In 33%, MF after birth declined in comparison to the first fetal functional assessment in the second trimester. Conclusion: Fetuses with OSD and absent HBH in the second trimester demonstrate a low postnatal shunt rate. MF was frequently impaired at the initial second-trimester assessment, and in about a third of cases, postnatal MF seemed to have worsened. These findings may inform counseling and question the place of fetal surgery for this subgroup.</p