Probing the Interface of a Phase-Separated State in a Repulsive Bose-Fermi Mixture

We probe the interface between a phase-separated Bose-Fermi mixture consisting of a small BEC of $^{41}$K residing in a large Fermi sea of $^6$Li. We quantify the residual spatial overlap between the two components by measuring three-body recombination losses for variable strength of the interspecies repulsion. A comparison with a numerical mean-field model highlights the importance of the kinetic energy term for the condensed bosons in maintaining the thin interface far into the phase-separated regime. Our results demonstrate a corresponding smoothing of the phase transition in a system of finite size.Comment: The Supplemental Materials are located in the Ancillary file

Ultrafast many-body interferometry of impurities coupled to a Fermi sea

The fastest possible collective response of a quantum many-body system is related to its excitations at the highest possible energy. In condensed-matter systems, the corresponding timescale is typically set by the Fermi energy. Taking advantage of fast and precise control of interactions between ultracold atoms, we report on the observation of ultrafast dynamics of impurities coupled to an atomic Fermi sea. Our interferometric measurements track the non-perturbative quantum evolution of a fermionic many-body system, revealing in real time the formation dynamics of quasiparticles and the quantum interference between attractive and repulsive states throughout the full depth of the Fermi sea. Ultrafast time-domain methods to manipulate and investigate strongly interacting quantum gases open up new windows on the dynamics of quantum matter under extreme non-equilibrium conditions.Comment: 21 pages, 14 figure

Potency and Bactericidal Activity of Iclaprim against Recent Clinical Gram-Positive Isolates

The in vitro activity of iclaprim, a novel diaminopyrimidine derivative, was evaluated against 5,937 recent gram-positive clinical isolates collected in the United States and Europe. Iclaprim demonstrated potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MRSA]), beta-hemolytic Streptococcus spp., and Enterococcus faecalis strains tested. in addition, iclaprim exhibited bactericidal activity against all S. aureus strains tested, including MRSA.Arpida AG (Reinach, Switzerland)JMI Labs, Beaver Kreek Ctr 345, N Liberty, IA 52317 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilTufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Comparative study of elemental mercury flux measurement techniques over a Fennoscandian boreal peatland

Quantitative estimates of the land-atmosphere exchange of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) are biased by the measurement technique employed, because no standard method or scale in space and time are agreed upon. Here we present concurrent GEM exchange measurements over a boreal peatland using a novel relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) system, a rectangular Teflon (R) dynamic flux chamber (DFC) and a DFC designed according to aerodynamic considerations (Aero-DFC). During four consecutive days the DFCs were placed alternately on two measurement plots in every cardinal direction around the REA sampling mast. Spatial heterogeneity in peat surface characteristics (0-34 cm) was identified by measuring total mercury in eight peat cores (57 +/- 8 ng g(-1), average SE), vascular plant coverage (32-52%), water table level (4.5-14.1 cm) and dissolved gaseous elemental mercury concentrations (28-51 pg L-1) in the peat water. The GEM fluxes measured by the DFCs showed a distinct diel pattern, but no spatial difference in the average fluxes was detected (ANOVA, alpha = 0.05). Even though the correlation between the Teflon DFC and Aero-DFC was significant (r = 0.76, p < 0.05) the cumulative flux of the Aero-DFC was a factor of three larger. The average flux of the Aero-DFC (1.9 ng m(-2) h(-1)) and REA (2 ng m(-2) h(-1)) were in good agreement. The results indicate that the novel REA design is in agreement for cumulative flux estimates with the Aero-DFC, which incorporates the effect of atmospheric turbulence. The comparison was performed over a fetch with spatially rather homogenous GEM flux dynamics under fairly consistent weather conditions, minimizing the effect of weather influence on the data from the three measurement systems. However, in complex biomes with heterogeneous surface characteristics where there can be large spatial variability in GEM gas exchange, the small footprint of chambers ( < 0.2 m(2)) makes for large coefficients of variation. Thus many chamber measurement replications are needed to establish a credible biome GEM flux estimate, even for a single point in time. Dynamic flux chambers will, however, be able to resolve systematic differences between small scale features, such as experimentally manipulated plots or small scale spatial heterogeneity

Accuracy of three automated systems (MicroScan WalkAway, VITEK, and VITEK 2) for susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa against five broad-spectrum beta-lactam agents

One hundred recent clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were used to assess the quantitative (MIC) and qualitative (susceptibility category) accuracies of the MicroScan WalkAway, VITEK, and VITEK 2 automated susceptibility test systems when five-broad spectrum beta-lactams, aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, imipenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam, were tested. Isolates were selected so that the MICs for the isolates over-represented the MICs near the breakpoints to assess precisely the agreement between the results obtained with the automated systems and the results obtained by the reference tests. the categorical and MIC results from the automated systems were compared to the consensus result of three reference methods: broth microdilution, agar dilution, and disk diffusion. the consensus categorical testing (susceptibility and resistance) rates were 47 and 27%, respectively, for aztreonam; 59 and 14%, respectively, for cefepime; 44 and 43%, respectively, for ceftazidime; 71 and 19%, respectively, for imipenem; and 50 and 50%, respectively, for piperacillin-tazobactam. All systems tested exhibited a high, unacceptable level of very major (false-susceptible) errors for piperacillin-tazobactam (19 to 27%). Major (false-resistant) error rates were generally acceptable (0 to 3%), but minor error rates were elevated (8 to 32%) for cefepime (VITEK 2 and VITEK) and for aztreonam (all three systems), leading to consistent trends toward false resistance. Manufacturer reevaluation of these automated systems for the testing of selected beta-lactams with current clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa that exhibit contemporary resistance mechanisms would be prudent to minimize the potential for serious reporting errors.JMI Labs Inc, N Liberty, IA 52317 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Infect Dis, São Paulo, BrazilTufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Infect Dis, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Mercury evasion from a boreal peatland determined with advanced REA and chamber methods

Gasförmiges, elementares Quecksilber (Hg^0) ist die dominierende Form von Hg in der Atmosphäre und steht in ständigem Austausch mit Böden und Wasseroberflächen. In borealen Mooren ist dieser Land-Atmosphären-Austausch von Hg^0 von besonderer Relevanz. - in solch anoxischen Ökosystem bildet sich das hochtoxische Methylquecksilber (MeHg) - , da sich verändernde Depositions- und Emissionsraten den Hg-Pool im Boden beeinflussen. Um natürliche influssfaktoren zu bestimmen, welche die Reduktion von Hg(II) zu Hg^0 und damit die Ausgasung fördern, haben wir dynamische Durchflusskammern (DFCs) verwendet. Der Effekt von erhöhter Schwefel- und Stickstoffdeposition sowie veränderten Temperatur- und Feuchtebedingungen auf den Hg^0-Fluss wurden untersucht und typische Flussraten für unser Untersuchungsgebiet quantifiziert. Das boreale Moor liegt etwa 10 Kilometer westlich von Vindeln, in der Provinz Västerbotten in Schweden. Um den ganzjährigen In- und Output von Hg^0 über die Atmosphäre zu quantifizieren, entwickelten wir ein neues Relaxed Eddy Accumulation (REA) System mit zwei Lufteinlässen, nur einem Detektor und einem ausgefeilten, automatischen Kalibrationsmodul. Während den Hg-Messungen wurden meteorologische Parameter, im Wasser gelöstes Hg^0(DGM) und die Gesamtdeposition von Hg gemessen. Letztere während der Vegetationsperiode 2014. Das Gesamt-Hg im Boden und im Abflussbereich des Moores wurde vorgängig bestimmt und trägt zum besseren Verständnis des Hg-Kreislaufs bei. Hohe Schwefeldepositionen, wie sie in den 80er-Jahren in Schweden üblich waren, führten zu einer Hemmung von Hg-Emissionen. Dies ist mit einer initialen Ausgasung von Hg zu Beginn des Versuches oder mit dem Binden von Hg an Schwefelgruppen und anschliessendem Abtransport im Oberflächenwasser zu erklären. DFC-Messungen im Juli 2014 wurden während Strahlungstagen durchgeführt und zeigten einen deutlichen Tagesgang und eine starke lineare Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur innerhalb und ausserhalb der Kammern. Erste Auswertungen der REA-Daten zeigten eine Spannweite der Monatsmittelwerte zwischen -6 ng m^-2 h^-1 im November 2013 und 15 ng m^-2 h^-1 im Juni 2014. Hg^0-Emissionen dominierten während des Sommers und Hg^0-Deposition von Spätherbst bis Frühling. Als erste Forschungsgruppe gelang es uns, den Hg^0-Fluss über einem borealen Moor während eines ganzen Jahres zu messen und dabei REA erfolgreich anzuwenden. Des Weiteren konnten wir mit DFC-Messungen Faktoren identifizieren, welche Hg^0-Emissionen hemmen oder begünstigen. Die Ausgasung von Hg^0 in die Atmosphäre scheint die Menge im Abfluss deutlich zu übersteigen und deutet darauf hin, dass das boreale Moor heute nicht nur eine Quelle für MeHg, sondern auch für Gesamt-Hg ist

Valor genético de genitores de batata para capacidade de hibridação.

bitstream/item/30275/1/BOLETIM-31.pd

Acromegaly, Mr Punch and caricature.

The origin of Mr Punch from the Italian Pulcinella of the Commedia dell'arte is well known but his feature, large hooked nose, protruding chin, kyphosis and sternal protrusion all in an exaggerated form also suggest the caricature of an acromegalic. This paper looks at the physical characteristics of acromegaly, the origin of Mr Punch and the development of caricature linking them together in the acromegalic caricature that now has a life of its own