Shared Autonomous Mobility Services Show Promise for Increasing Access to Employment in Southern California

Workers in Southern California currently face transportationrelated challenges accessing employment opportunities, including but not limited to high parking costs and/or limited parking availability in dense employment and residential areas; long commute distances between residential areas and employment opportunities; and poor transit service quality in many areas. These challenges are particularly burdensome for low-income households that may not have access to a personal vehicle and/or live in jobpoor neighborhoods, as having a personal vehicle may be the only viable way to get to work

Two-dimensional burst identification codes and their use in burst correction

A new class of codes, called burst identification codes, is defined and studied. These codes can be used to determine the patterns of burst errors. Two-dimensional burst correcting codes can be easily constructed from burst identification codes. The resulting class of codes is simple to implement and has lower redundancy than other comparable codes. The results are pertinent to the study of radiation effects on VLSI RAM chips, which can cause two-dimensional bursts of errors

Impact Properties of Hemp Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Composites

The construction industry has seen an incredibly fast increase in utilizing natural fibres for making low-cost building materials to achieve sustainable construction. One of such applications is natural fibre-reinforced cementitious materials for either structural or non-structural purpose. Impact properties are engineering properties received increasing attentions from engineering community for structural materials. This research therefore studies impact resistance of hemp fibre reinforced cementitious composites at early ages. Hemp fibre with various lengths, 10 mm and 20 mm, are utilized to reinforce cementitious materials. Hemp fibre reinforced cementitious composite slabs were tested under repeating dropping mass till failure at the age of 7, 14 and 28 days. Cracking behaviour, impact resistance, absorbed impact energy and survived impact blows upon failure are qualitatively/quantitatively analysed. It has been found that 20 mm-long hemp fibre reinforcement leads to higher impact resistance, more absorbed impact energy and survived more impact blows upon failure. Cementitious composite slabs reinforced by 20 mm-long hemp fibres exhibit higher impact crack resistance ratio than those reinforced by 10 mm-long fibres. Longer fibres are more effective in inhibiting the growth of micro-cracks and blunting the propagation of micro-cracks before they join up to form macro cracks leading to ultimate failure

Seroepidemiology of Toxocara canis Infection in 2-14 years old Children Referred to Health Care Centers of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province by ELISA Method in 2014

چکیده زمینه و هدف: توکسوکاریازیس عارضه بالینی است که عموما بر اثر استقرار لاروهای مرحله دوم گروهی از نماتودهای حیوانی در بافت‌های بدن انسان ایجاد می‌شود. انسان با خوردن تخم انگل به بیماری لاروهای مهاجر به اشکال مختلف شامل لاروهای مهاجر احشایی، لاروهای مهاجر چشمی، لاروهای مهاجر مغزی و توکسوکاریازیس مخفی مبتلا می‌شود. ، مطالعه حاضر به منظور تعیین شیوع سرمی عفونت توکسوکار‌ا‌ کنیس در کودکان 14-2 ساله استان چهارمحال‌ و بختیاری در سال 1393 انجام گرفت. مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه توصیفی– تحلیلی 552 نمونه از کودکان 14-2 ساله استان چهارمحال‌ و بختیاری به روش غیر تصادفی سهمیه‌ای انتخاب شدند. نمونه‌های سرمی تهیه شده از نظر آنتی بادی‌های ضد توکسوکارا کنیس با استفاده از روش الیزا مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند و داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار spss تجزیه و تحلیل آماری گردیدند. یافته‌ها: از 552 نفر مورد مطالعه، 294 نفر پسر و 230 نفر دختر بودند. سیصد و بیست و یک نفر (2/58 درصد) از شهر و بقیه از روستا بودند. از مجموع 552 نمونه 11 نفر (2 درصد) عفونت توکسوکاریازیس را نشان دادند. در این مطالعه بین عفونت توکسوکارا کنیس و شغل پدر (P=0.006)، ارتباط با سگ (P<0.001)و میزان ائوزینوفیلی(P<0.001) ارتباط معنی دار پیدا شد. اما با جنس، شهرستان محل سکونت، محل سکونت (شهر یا روستا) ارتباطی معنی‌دار وجود نداشت. نتیجه‌گیری: وجود 2 درصد آنتی بادی ضد توکسوکارا کنیس نشان دهنده اهمیت توجه به این عفونت‌ انگلی را در جامعه نشان می‌دهد و در این رابطه باید با افزایش آگاهی جمعیت‌ها در رابطه با خطر این عفونت انگلی و همچنین درمان ضد کرمی سگ‌ها توسط دامپزشکان و مهمتر از آن کنترل سگ‌های ولگرد توجه جدی نمود. واژه‌های کلیدی: سرواپیدمیولوژی، توکسوکاریازیس، توکسوکارا کنیس، الیز

Mouse tafazzin is required for male germ cell meiosis and spermatogenesis

Barth syndrome is an X-linked mitochondrial disease, symptoms of which include neutropenia and cardiac myopathy. These symptoms are the most significant clinical consequences of a disease, which is increasingly recognised to have a variable presentation. Mutation in the Taz gene in Xq28 is thought to be responsible for the condition, by altering mitochondrial lipid content and mitochondrial function. Male chimeras carrying a targeted mutation of Taz on their X-chromosome were infertile. Testes from the Taz knockout chimeras were smaller than their control counterparts and this was associated with a disruption of the progression of spermatocytes through meiosis to spermiogenesis. Taz knockout ES cells also showed a defect when differentiated to germ cells in vitro. Mutant spermatocytes failed to progress past the pachytene stage of meiosis and had higher levels of DNA double strand damage and increased levels of endogenous retrotransposon activity. Altogether these data revealed a novel role for Taz in helping to maintain genome integrity in meiosis and facilitating germ cell differentiation. We have unravelled a novel function for the Taz protein, which should contribute to an understanding of how a disruption of the Taz gene results in the complex symptoms underlying Barth Syndrome

Assessment of the Employment Accessibility Benefits of Shared Autonomous Mobility Services

The goal of this study is to assess and quantify the potential employment accessibility benefits of Shared Autonomous Mobility Service (SAMS) commute modes across a large diverse metropolitan region considering heterogeneity in the working population. To meet this goal, this study employs a welfare-based (i.e. logsum-based) measure of accessibility, obtained via estimating a hierarchical work destination-commute mode choice model. The employment accessibility logsum measure incorporates the spatial distribution of worker residences and employment opportunities, the attributes of the available commute modes, and the characteristics of individual workers. This research further captures heterogeneity of workers using latent class analysis (LCA). The LCA model inputs include the socio-demographic characteristics of workers to subsequently account for different worker clusters valuing different types of employment opportunities differently. The accessibility analysis results indicate: (i) the accessibility benefit differences across latent classes are modest but young workers and low-income workers do see higher benefits than high- and middle-income workers; (ii) there are substantial spatial differences in accessibility benefits with workers living in lower density areas benefiting more than workers living in high-density areas; (iii) nearly all the accessibility benefits come from the SAMS-only mode as opposed to the SAMS+Transit mode; and (iv) the SAMS cost per mile assumption significantly impacts the magnitude of the overall employment accessibility benefits