Determination Methods of Food Fibers Characteristics in Milk Mixtures with the Modified Fat Composition

The article presents main determination methods of technological parameters of food fibers in milk mixtures of the modified fat composition.The methods of studying the ability of food fibers to water and fat-absorption are offered. The values that characterize swelling parameters of vegetable ingredients in experimental mixtures are obtained.The effectiveness of the method of IR-spectroscopy for indentifying and comparing water-binding forms in mixtures of food fibers with water and butterdish is proved.The indices of thermal stability and degree of liquid fat outflow for mixtures with the modified fat composition with the maximal replacement of cream butter by 25 % of oil are obtained. The research results indicate objective possibilities for the effective use of food fibers Vicetal for stabilizing the structure and preventing consistence defects of products with the modified fat composition

Determination Methods Of Defrosted Protein-vegetable Mixtures Parameters Development

The aim of the work is to develop methods of investigating the influence of semolina and extruded semolina on quality and quantity parameters of mixtures with milk-protein concentrates in a cycle of freezing-defrost that allows to substantiate resource-saving in semi-products manufacturing.Obtained results of changes of the quality of protein-vegetable mixtures after the effect of negative temperatures confirm cryo-protective properties of carbohydrates of products of wheat processing.There were studied methods of extracting proteins of whey for getting albumin mass and using in the composition of milk-protein concentrates. It was established, that adding collagen-containing ingredients in amount 0,4 % for intensifying thermal coagulation of whey proteins decreases the duration of precipitation to (55±2) and (40±2) min respectively depending on a type of raw material processing. There were studied both native whey and protein concentrate, obtained by the method of ultra-filtration with mass share of dry substances (16±2) %.The method of thermal analysis determined a cryoscopic temperature of sour-milk fatless cheese and also albumin mass, obtained using «Collagen pro 4402». The calculation method, based on cryoscopic temperature indices determined an amount of moisture, frozen out in milk-whey mixtures with wheat processing products. The presented information is enough for estimating traditional modes of freezing milk-protein concentrates objectively.The obtained results of the studies indicate the effectiveness of the offered methods for determining parameters of protein-vegetable mixtures after defrosting. Measurements of quality parameters may be used for correcting mass losses of concentrates effectively

Systems of education governance and cultures of justice in Ireland, Scotland and Pakistan

This chapter compares the issue of cultures of justice in the systems of education governance in three education systems: Ireland, Scotland and Pakistan. The focus for the comparison are the current policies which shape the regulation of education. These policies were reviewed to identify key issues relating to social justice and equality, decision-making and accountability. From the analysis of each system, three central issues were identified: firstly, the improvement of a state education system; secondly, the degree of decentralisation and centralisation in governance structures and thirdly, the expectations placed on school leaders. The chapter concludes by discussing the tensions between the drive for system improvement and opportunities for school leaders to build strategies to address issues of inequality in schools

Quality assurance and evaluation (QAE) in Scotland: promoting self-evaluation within and beyond the country

This article looks at policy for quality assurance and evaluation in Scotland, its history and more recent developments, and in particular, at the emphasis on school self-evaluation. It examines the history of the concept, its constituent elements and the role of the Inspectorate in establishing it. Further, the article discusses the Scottish self-evaluation model as a means of promoting the country’s distinctive identity in education within a European frame. It discusses the role of the Standing International Conference of Inspectorates as a major forum for the transmission of ideas about self-evaluation that illuminates the role of networks in promoting Europeanisation

Integrated high-content quantification of intracellular ROS levels and mitochondrial morphofunction

Oxidative stress arises from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their removal by cellular antioxidant systems. Especially under pathological conditions, mitochondria constitute a relevant source of cellular ROS. These organelles harbor the electron transport chain, bringing electrons in close vicinity to molecular oxygen. Although a full understanding is still lacking, intracellular ROS generation and mitochondrial function are also linked to changes in mitochondrial morphology. To study the intricate relationships between the different factors that govern cellular redox balance in living cells, we have developed a high-contentmicroscopy-based strategy for simultaneous quantification of intracellular ROS levels and mitochondrial morphofunction. Here, we summarize the principles of intracellular ROS generation and removal, and we explain the major considerations for performing quantitative microscopy analyses of ROS and mitochondrial morphofunction in living cells. Next, we describe our workflow, and finally, we illustrate that a multiparametric readout enables the unambiguous classification of chemically perturbed cells as well as laminopathy patient cells

Countries with Higher Levels of Gender Equality Show Larger National Sex Differences in Mathematics Anxiety and Relatively Lower Parental Mathematics Valuation for Girls.

Despite international advancements in gender equality across a variety of societal domains, the underrepresentation of girls and women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) related fields persists. In this study, we explored the possibility that the sex difference in mathematics anxiety contributes to this disparity. More specifically, we tested a number of predictions from the prominent gender stratification model, which is the leading psychological theory of cross-national patterns of sex differences in mathematics anxiety and performance. To this end, we analyzed data from 761,655 15-year old students across 68 nations who participated in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Most importantly and contra predictions, we showed that economically developed and more gender equal countries have a lower overall level of mathematics anxiety, and yet a larger national sex difference in mathematics anxiety relative to less developed countries. Further, although relatively more mothers work in STEM fields in more developed countries, these parents valued, on average, mathematical competence more in their sons than their daughters. The proportion of mothers working in STEM was unrelated to sex differences in mathematics anxiety or performance. We propose that the gender stratification model fails to account for these national patterns and that an alternative model is needed. In the discussion, we suggest how an interaction between socio-cultural values and sex-specific psychological traits can better explain these patterns. We also discuss implications for policies aiming to increase girls' STEM participation

Кібербезахист у цифровому навчальному середовищі: зовнішні та внутрішні ризики

The paper describes a novel project aimed at developing the concept and technique of cyber safety system of the education process’ participants in the digital learning environment (integration of human and cyber-physical systems approach). A striking feature of the proposed approach lies in its notable difference from the one and focus on a human in the network’s cybersecurity loop rather than technical aspects or human personal data. Besides, it discusses the method and way of conducting experimental studies.У статті описано новий проект, спрямований на розробку концепції та техніки системи кіберзахисту учасників навчального процесу в цифровому навчальному середовищі (інтеграція людського та кібер-фізичного системного підходу). Принциповою особливістю запропонованого підходу є його помітна відмінність від інших підходів і спрямованість на людину в контурі кібербезпеки мережі, а не на технічних аспектах чи персональних даних людини. Крім того, обговорюється методика та спосіб проведення експериментальних досліджень

Constructing school autonomy with accountability as a global policy model : a focus on OECD's governance mechanisms

The OECD has played a key role in the global dissemination of school autonomy with accountability (SAWA) as a global model of education governance. This chapter aims to understand the practices and forms of agency through which the OECD has developed and disseminated SAWA as an instrument model of governing education, despite the modesty of its legal and financial instruments and limited membership. Drawing on the results of a systematic literature review combined with a documentary analysis of OECD publications and working documents, this chapter analyzes three governance mechanisms through which these reforms are being promoted by the organization: data collection, education policy evaluation, and the generation of policy ideas through different knowledge products and policy spaces. This chapter shows that the OECD's role in policy transfer dynamics far surpasses agenda setting or knowledge brokerage. Rather, the OECD plays a proactive role in the generation of policy solutions, by not only theorizing them, but also matching them to a wide range of problems and framing them so they can accommodate different political agendas. Additionally, the OECD's reliance on soft governance mechanisms and ideational power enables it to extend its influence beyond its membership. Overall, the potential for OECD governance mechanisms to advance the SAWA agenda appears to lie in the OECD's capacity to open a political opportunity window to advance policy change

Interdependency in transnational education governance

The dominance of International Organisations in the production of global metrics has not only penetrated the transnational social and policy fields; numbers have become an integral part of the fabric of International Organisations themselves. However, amidst avid critics and unapologetic fans, surprisingly little is known about the ways in which global processes of quantification are reconfiguring the field. Metrics have infiltrated not only organisational cultures and the environments these organisations inhabit; crucially, they are reshaping the ways International Organisations co-exist, compete and survive in an increasingly quantified yet uncertain world. Recent decades have seen fervent activity by International Organisations to build working collaborations and broad alliances for finding ‘global solutions’ to ‘global crises’. Financial investment in these collaborations is increasing and so is hope: If only we had known, we could have acted. Given the moral dimension that these new indices of progress have taken, as well as the enormous human and environmental cost of their failures, there is growing recognition for the need to examine the interplay of International Organisations in producing quantification for transnational governance

PROFESSORES DO PISA: A ESPERANÇA E A REALIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO

RESUMO: As atividades do Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) e os seus efeitos são diversos, sendo possível dizer que o PISA cria e forma uma fundamentação específica (HACKING, 1992) para discutir, falar e pensar sobre a educação. Neste estudo sobre as atividades do PISA, são analisadas as ideias sobre os professores, as atividades que realizam, e como estas são conceitualizadas no interior de uma narrativa própria ao PISA. Os resultados mostram que os professores são apresentados como sendo importantes e cruciais para a transformação e para o desenvolvimento da educação. Os professores também são representados como sendo essenciais para reduzir as "disparidades no desempenho" dos alunos medidas pelo teste PISA. Ademais, os "bons" professores e o ensino "eficaz" são descritos como os professores e as estratégias que conduzem a tal redução. Consequentemente, os principais relatórios do PISA enfatizam uma imagem dos professores como os atores que desenvolvem a educação e o ensino, e não como executantes de políticas determinadas pelo Estado. Deste modo, os professores são considerados como indicadores da eficácia dos sistemas de educação e importantes para elevar os padrões de desempenho, sendo assim considerados como a esperança e a realização da educação