Economic liberalization and the antecedents of top management teams: evidence from Turkish 'big' business

There has been an increased interest in the last two decades in top management teams (TMTs) of business firms. Much of the research, however, has been US-based and concerned primarily with TMT effects on organizational outcomes. The present study aims to expand this literature by examining the antecedents of top team composition in the context of macro-level economic change in a late-industrializing country. The post-1980 trade and market reforms in Turkey provided the empirical setting. Drawing upon the literatures on TMT and chief executive characteristics together with punctuated equilibrium models of change and institutional theory, the article develops the argument that which firm-level factors affect which attributes of TMT formations varies across the early and late stages of economic liberalization. Results of the empirical investigation of 71 of the largest industrial firms in Turkey broadly supported the hypotheses derived from this premise. In the early stages of economic liberalization the average age and average organizational tenure of TMTs were related to the export orientation of firms, whereas in later stages, firm performance became a major predictor of these team attributes. Educational background characteristics of teams appeared to be under stronger institutional pressures, altering in different ways in the face of macro-level change

Cycloaddition reactions of heterocyclic azides with 2-cyanoacetamidines as a new route to C, N-diheteroarylcarbamidines

A novel and efficient base-catalyzed, transition-metal-free method for the synthesis of diheterocyclic compounds connected by an amidine linker, including apart from the common 1,2,3-triazole ring, either an additional pyrimidinedione, 4-nitroimidazole, isoxazole, 1,3,4-triazole, 2-oxochromone or thiazole ring, has been developed. The process was facilitated by a strong base and includes the cycloaddition reaction of 3,3-diaminoacrylonitriles (2-cyanoacetamidines) to heterocyclic azides followed by a Cornforth-type rearrangement to the final products. The reaction is tolerant to various N-monosubstituted 3,3-diaminoacrylonitriles and to different heterocyclic azides. The developed method has a broad scope and can be applied to obtain a variety of N-heteroaryl-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbimidamides with alkyl, allyl, propargyl, benzyl, cycloalkyl, and indolyl substituents at the N1 position . © 2024 Silaichev et al.Federal Academic Leadership Program; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka; Russian Science Foundation, RSF, (23-13-00248); Russian Science Foundation, RSF; Ural Federal University, UrFUDesign and elaboration of a novel tandem process, synthesis of starting building blocks and 21-st target compounds was made by chemistry team and founded by Russian Science Foundation, project number 23-13-00248. The study of cytotoxic effect of 7 compounds was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of the Program of the Development of the Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin under the Federal Academic Leadership Program “Priority 2030”

Retraction notice on the article by A.S. Zotov et al. ‘Short-Term Results of Two Strategies in Thoracoscopic Ablation for Lone Atrial Fibrillation’ doi: 10.17816/clinpract110719

Editorial board of the journal informs authors about the retraction of the article Short-Term Results of Two Strategies in Thoracoscopic Ablation for Lone Atrial Fibrillation published in Journal of Clinical Practice 13(3) 2022 by A.S. Zotov, O.Yu. Pidanov, I.S. Osmanov, A.V. Troitsky, A.A. Silaev, E.R. Sakharov, V.N. Sukhotin, O.O. Shelest, R.I. Khabazov, D.A. Timashkov. The reason for the retraction is the publication ethics violation in terms of authorship criteria. Not all authors whose names appear on the article made substantial contributions to the study drafted/revised the manuscript and approved the version to be published. Retraction made on January 09, 2023 with approve from the Editor-in-Chief

Transitional ‘hospital to home’ care of older patients: healthcare professionals’ perspectives

Author's accepted version (postprint).This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Wiley in Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences on 27/08/2020.Available online: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/scs.12904acceptedVersio

UK guidelines on oesophageal dilatation in clinical practice

These are updated guidelines which supersede the original version published in 2004. This work has been endorsed by the Clinical Services and Standards Committee of the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) under the auspices of the oesophageal section of the BSG. The original guidelines have undergone extensive revision by the 16 members of the Guideline Development Group with representation from individuals across all relevant disciplines, including the Heartburn Cancer UK charity, a nursing representative and a patient representative. The methodological rigour and transparency of the guideline development processes were appraised using the revised Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) tool.Dilatation of the oesophagus is a relatively high-risk intervention, and is required by an increasing range of disease states. Moreover, there is scarcity of evidence in the literature to guide clinicians on how to safely perform this procedure. These guidelines deal specifically with the dilatation procedure using balloon or bougie devices as a primary treatment strategy for non-malignant narrowing of the oesophagus. The use of stents is outside the remit of this paper; however, for cases of dilatation failure, alternative techniques-including stents-will be listed. The guideline is divided into the following subheadings: (1) patient preparation; (2) the dilatation procedure; (3) aftercare and (4) disease-specific considerations. A systematic literature search was performed. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Develop-ment and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to evaluate the quality of evidence and decide on the strength of recommendations made.</p

The Role of Transport Corridors in International Cooperation (Exemplified by the Caspian Region)

Despite its obvious relevance and practical significance, the problem of Eurasian transport corridors has not yet taken a proper place in the scientific discourse. This article is a small but important step towards the development of the stated topic. International transport corridors (ITCs) in general and Eurasian ones in particular are a fundamentally new mechanism of international cooperation and a factor aimed at overcoming the increased turbulence in the relations between the states. The International North–South Transport Corridor project is of global significance, Russian-Azerbaijani cooperation playing an especially important role in its successful implementation. Current instability of the global political landscape and increasing foreign policy risks have given rise to a tendency to actualize national agendas to the detriment of international integration processes. This tendency is, however, being constructively overcome through new organizational forms, one of which is the ITCs. The latter, due to the vector of progress from the national to the common domain, are becoming a sought-after and developing institution of international cooperation. Owing to the natural conditions, the geopolitical space of Russia and Azerbaijan plays an important role in promoting national interests. Due to the friendly relations between the two countries, the creation of this important Eurasian route has been progressing steadily, which is facilitated by mutual interest in the integration of the transport systems in order to increase the transit potential of the territories, by a significant coincidence of Russia’s and Azerbaijan’s geopolitical interests, as well as by a high collaboration potential in the region. The joint work of the Caspian states in the organization of Eurasian transport corridors has been experiencing a destructive influence of external forces, which significantly complicates consolidation of the countries in the region. At the same time, integration in the field of transport communications is the most important mechanism for overcoming instability and achieving a stable international security regime.</jats:p