Adiabatic partition effect on natural convection heat transfer inside a square cavity: experimental and numerical studies

cited By 3A steady state and two-dimensional laminar free convection heat transfer in a partitioned cavity with horizontal adiabatic and isothermal side walls is investigated using both experimental and numerical approaches. The experiments and numerical simulations are carried out using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a finite volume code, respectively. A horizontal and adiabatic partition, with angle of θ is adjusted such that it separates the cavity into two identical parts. Effects of this angel as well as Rayleigh number on the heat transfer from the side-heated walls are investigated in this study. The results are performed for the various Rayleigh numbers over the cavity side length, and partition angles ranging from 1.5 × 105 to 4.5 × 105, and 0° to 90°, respectively. The experimental verification of natural convective flow physics has been done by using FLUENT software. For a given adiabatic partition angle, the results show that the average Nusselt number and consequently the heat transfer enhance as the Rayleigh number increases. However, for a given Rayleigh number the maximum and the minimum heat transfer occurs at θ = 45°and θ = 90°, respectively. Two responsible mechanisms for this behavior, namely blockage ratio and partition orientation, are identified. These effects are explained by numerical velocity vectors and experimental temperatures contours. Based on the experimental data, a new correlation that fairly represents the average Nusselt number of the heated walls as functions of Rayleigh number and the angel of θ for the aforementioned ranges of data is proposed. © 2017, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany

Evaluation the Effect of Pulmicort Inhalation on Children with Acute Asthma Attack

Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, and acute asthma is the most common emergency and one of the main reasons for hospitalization in children. One in 20 people suffers from asthma around the world. Objectives: The present study has evaluated the effect of inhaled corticosteroids (Pulmicort), on the symptoms of asthma and hospitalization duration in children with acute asthma attack. Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial study had done as a pilot form with a control group (generally 80 children were studied) and is organized as a double blinded. All children have asthma disease and at the first of the study their asthma scores were determined. Then patients are divided into two groups (case and control). Ventolin and hydrocortisone are given to children in both groups. Also, the case group received nebulized budesonide (Pulmicort) and the control received nebulized normal saline (as a placebo). Results: The mean age among participants is 6.6± 2.8 years old. The difference of sex and age between case and control is not significant. Asthma severity and rate of respiratory between two groups at the first of study were not different too, and both groups were in moderate to severe asthma attack. The differences of wheeze, cough, and distress scores between two groups are significant at 6h, 12h, 24h, and 48h. So that in terms of improving the score of wheezing, cough and respiratory distress in the case group compared to the control group in the mentioned hours are quite significant (P value: <0.001).The difference of hospitalization time between case and control are significant too (P value <0.001), In a way we saw its duration shortened in a case group. Conclusion: The study showed that budesonide makes the procedure of the treatment faster and it reduces the duration of the hospitalization. The results showed that the effect of budesonide on patient�s symptoms was positively considerable. In this study no side effect of inhaled corticosteroid was observed during hospitalization. Therefore, it can be a good choice used for the treatment of acute asthma besides the standard guideline of acute asthma treatment. © 2020 EManuscript Technologies. All rights reserved

The integrative panel of fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2) rs174583 gene polymorphism and dietary indices (DQI-I and HEI) affects cardiovascular risk factors among obese individuals

BackgroundRecent studies have shown that dietary intakes and gene variants have a critical role in the obesity related comorbidities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the interactions between Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene rs174583 polymorphism and two dietary indices on cardiometabolic risk factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out on 347 obese adults aged 20-50 years old in Tabriz, Iran. Healthy eating index (HEI) and Diet quality index-international (DQI-I) were evaluated by a validated semi-quantitative 147-item Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine FADS2 gene variants. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to identify gene-diet interactions on metabolic parameters.ResultsWaist circumference (WC) and serum triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly higher among carriers of TT genotype of FADS2 gene (P < 0.05). In addition, the interactions between FADS2 gene rs174583 polymorphism and DQI-I had significant effects on weight (P (interaction) = 0.01), fat mass (P (interaction) = 0.04), fat free mass (P (interaction) = 0.03), and Body mass index (BMI) (P (interaction) = 0.02); the highest level of these parameters belonged to TT carriers. Similarly, the interactions between FADS2 gene variants and HEI had significant effects on insulin (P (interaction) < 0.001), Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P (interaction) < 0.001), Quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI) (P (interaction) = 0.001), and alpha Melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) (P (interaction) = 0.03).ConclusionIn this study, for the first time, we reported the effects of gene-diet interactions on metabolic traits. Compliance with dietary indices (DQI-I and HEI) ameliorated the adverse effects of gene variants on metabolic risk factors, especially in heterogeneous genotypes. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these results.This study was fnancially supported by a grant from Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran (Identifers: IR.TBZMED.REC.1399.062. and IR.TBZMED. REC.1398.460) We thank all the study participants. We also thank Research Undersecretary of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences for their fnancial support (Grant number: 64111