Perbandingan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa Kelas X Sman 2 Mataram Yang Belajar Melalui Pendekatan Nht Dan Tps Tahun Ajaran 2008/2009

: This research held to know the difference of student achievement in biological subject of class X of SMAN 2 Mataram thought using NHT and TPS approaches in the academic year of 2008/2009. The research population were all students of class X of SMAN 2 Mataram, and the samples of this research were class X4 and X8. Cluster random sampling was applied for determining the classes sample. Teaching approach for class X4 was NHT and TPS for class X8. Instruments of this research were test for cognitive achievement, observation sheets for students and teacher activities, assessment sheet for affective and psychomotor of students, and questioner for students response on both the teaching approaches. Data were analyzed statistically by using t-test at significant level of 5%. The results show that the average students achievement in class thought with NHT and TPS approaches were 65.44 and 76.19, respectively. Further analysis obtained the value of t-count was greater than t-table (3.384: 1.994). This means that the studentachievement was much greater in class thought by TPS compared to that of class thought by NHT approach. In other words, there was a significant different of student achievement thought by TPS and NHT

Persepsi dan Aspirasi Masyarakat terhadap Pengembangan Kawasan Minapolitan Buntok Seberang Kecamatan Dusun Selatan Kabupaten Barito Selatan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah

This research aims to 1) know the public perception of the development area minapolitan Buntok Seberang, 2) explore the factors that influence people's perception of regional development minapolitan Buntok Seberang such as education, employment, income, length of residence, counseling, and the death of goldfish; 3) explore the community's aspirations for regional development activities minapolitan Buntok Seberang. This research uses survey methods, focused on the heads of households (families) who has cages (karamba) in Barito River, where the carp are maintained by experienced mass death, are 4 (four) villages/rural, that is Hilir Sper, Buntok Kota, Baru and Teluk Telaga which is part of the plan minapolitan. Proportionate number of respondents who were sampled as many as 65 the heads of households with 37 families in the data distribution of Hilir Sper, 19 households in the Buntok Kota, 6 families in Baru and 3 households in Teluk Telaga. The results showed that the public perception of the development of the region is positive minapolitan Buntok Seberang or beneficial to society. People's perceptions are influenced by factors of education, employment, income, length of residence / attempt and death of a goldfish. Aspirations of the people against the development of the area minapolitan Buntok Seberang the need for help production facilities (saprodi) fishery, handling marketing, capital assistance, guidance / counseling on a regular basis as well as the support from the local fishery cooperatives / agencies

Perencanaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mini Hidro (Pltm) Palumbungan, Purbalingga

Conditions Purbalingga areas potential for the development of Mini Hydro Power Plant, is the fundamental reason for empowering Klawing River District Bobotsari Purbalingga became a source of Mini Hydro Power Plant. The objective of mini hydro power plant planning is to calculation of dependable flow, the calculation of the electricity which can be produced and made design of hydropower building. The method that apply for flood discharge plan calculation is Rational Method, Dependable flow analyzed by using Weibull Method. Dependable flow for mini hydro power plants amounted to 1.8 m3/s and the power produced is 641 kW

Immunotherapeutic targeting of membrane Hsp70-expressing tumors using recombinant human granzyme B

Background: We have previously reported that human recombinant granzyme B (grB) mediates apoptosis in membrane heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70)-positive tumor cells in a perforin-independent manner

Altered Substrate Specificity of Drug-Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease

ABSTRACT Resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (HIV PR) inhibitors results primarily from the selection of multiple mutations in the protease region. Because many of these mutations are selected for the ability to decrease inhibitor binding in the active site, they also affect substrate binding and potentially substrate specificity. This work investigates the substrate specificity of a panel of clinically derived protease inhibitor-resistant HIV PR variants. To compare protease specificity, we have used positional-scanning, synthetic combinatorial peptide libraries as well as a select number of individual substrates. The subsite preferences of wild-type HIV PR determined by using the substrate libraries are consistent with prior reports, validating the use of these libraries to compare specificity among a panel of HIV PR variants. Five out of seven protease variants demonstrated subtle differences in specificity that may have significant impacts on their abilities to function in viral maturation. Of these, four variants demonstrated up to fourfold changes in the preference for valine relative to alanine at position P2 when tested on individual peptide substrates. This change correlated with a common mutation in the viral NC/p1 cleavage site. These mutations may represent a mechanism by which severely compromised, drug-resistant viral strains can increase fitness levels. Understanding the altered substrate specificity of drug-resistant HIV PR should be valuable in the design of future generations of protease inhibitors as well as in elucidating the molecular basis of regulation of proteolysis in HIV.</jats:p

Features of programmed cell death in intact Xenopus oocytes and early embryos revealed by near-infrared fluorescence and real-time monitoring.

Factors influencing apoptosis of vertebrate eggs and early embryos have been studied in cell-free systems and in intact embryos by analyzing individual apoptotic regulators or caspase activation in static samples. A novel method for monitoring caspase activity in living Xenopus oocytes and early embryos is described here. The approach, using microinjection of a near-infrared caspase substrate that emits fluorescence only after its proteolytic cleavage by active effector caspases, has enabled the elucidation of otherwise cryptic aspects of apoptotic regulation. In particular, we show that brief caspase activity (10 min) is sufficient to cause apoptotic death in this system. We illustrate a cytochrome c dose threshold in the oocyte, which is lowered by Smac, a protein that binds thereby neutralizing the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. We show that meiotic oocytes develop resistance to cytochrome c, and that the eventual death of oocytes arrested in meiosis is caspase-independent. Finally, data acquired through imaging caspase activity in the Xenopus embryo suggest that apoptosis in very early development is not cell-autonomous. These studies both validate this assay as a useful tool for apoptosis research and reveal subtleties in the cell death program during early development. Moreover, this method offers a potentially valuable screening modality for identifying novel apoptotic regulators