Analisis Perencanaan Dan Penganggaran Pada Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jambi

This research tried to investigate the analysis of consistency between planning and budgeting in education departement of Jambi Province year 2011 to 2015 which viewed by the planning and budgeting document of education in Jambi Province such as; RPJMD year 2010-2015, Renstra year 2010-2015, RKPD yaer 2011-2015, Renja year 2011-2015, PPAS year 2011-2015, RKA year 2011-2015, and DPA of APBD Education department year 2011-2015. The result of the analysis continuosly was analyzed by using Matrik of Planning and Budgeting Consolidation (MKPP) for investigate level of consistency that occur and analyzed what kind of factors which caused inconsistency and what kind of effort has been done to create consistency between planning and budgeting. The result showed level of planning and budgeting consistency between document of planning and budgeting still low. The highest consistency available in PPAS document and APBD document. The cause of inconsistency is leader policy, human resources limitedness, less coordination between sub-department and SKPD, high frequency of leader commutation and goverment's role changing. Efforts are being made to achieve consistency between planning and budgeting is the functional improvement of human resource planning, improved coordination between field and education and the establishment of an electronic planning system (E-Planning)

A phylogeny of members of the family Taeniidae based on the mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 gene data

nad1 gene dat

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Pendekatan Struktural Numbered Heads Together untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas Vii.1 SMP Negeri 5 Teluk Kuantan

Absract: This research was based on the students achievement in learning mathematics especially grade VII.1 of SMPN 5 Teluk Kuantan under the Mastery Minimum Criteria with percentage of 44.8% on the subject matter about fractions. The research conducted was the Classroom Action Research. The aims of this research is to improve the learning process and results on the students learning mathematic by implementing cooperative learning model structural approach of Numbered Heads Together. There were 29 students in the class consisting 22 boys and 7 girls as the participant of this research. The instruments of data collection in this research were observation sheets and students Mathematic tests. The observation sheets were analyzed in qualitative desciptive, while the students' Mathematic tests were analyzed in quantitative desciptive. The qualitative desciptive showed an improvement of learning process prior to the action on the first and second cycles.. The results of this research showed an increasing number of students learning Mathematic from the basic score with percentage 44,8% to 58,6% on the first test and 82,7% on second test. Based on the result of this research could be concluded that the implementation of Cooperative Learning Model structural approach of Numbered Heads Together can improve the students' achievement of learning Mathematic in grade VII.1 of SMPN 5 Teluk Kuantan in the second semester academic years 2014/2015

Borrelia recurrentis employs a novel multifunctional surface protein with anti-complement, anti-opsonic and invasive potential to escape innate immunity

Borrelia recurrentis, the etiologic agent of louse-borne relapsing fever in humans, has evolved strategies, including antigenic variation, to evade immune defence, thereby causing severe diseases with high mortality rates. Here we identify for the first time a multifunctional surface lipoprotein of B. recurrentis, termed HcpA, and demonstrate that it binds human complement regulators, Factor H, CFHR-1, and simultaneously, the host protease plasminogen. Cell surface bound factor H was found to retain its activity and to confer resistance to complement attack. Moreover, ectopic expression of HcpA in a B. burgdorferi B313 strain, deficient in Factor H binding proteins, protected the transformed spirochetes from complement-mediated killing. Furthermore, HcpA-bound plasminogen/plasmin endows B. recurrentis with the potential to resist opsonization and to degrade extracellular matrix components. Together, the present study underscores the high virulence potential of B. recurrentis. The elucidation of the molecular basis underlying the versatile strategies of B. recurrentis to escape innate immunity and to persist in human tissues, including the brain, may help to understand the pathological processes underlying louse-borne relapsing fever

Microbes Bind Complement Inhibitor Factor H via a Common Site

To cause infections microbes need to evade host defense systems, one of these being the evolutionarily old and important arm of innate immunity, the alternative pathway of complement. It can attack all kinds of targets and is tightly controlled in plasma and on host cells by plasma complement regulator factor H (FH). FH binds simultaneously to host cell surface structures such as heparin or glycosaminoglycans via domain 20 and to the main complement opsonin C3b via domain 19. Many pathogenic microbes protect themselves from complement by recruiting host FH. We analyzed how and why different microbes bind FH via domains 19–20 (FH19-20). We used a selection of FH19-20 point mutants to reveal the binding sites of several microbial proteins and whole microbes (Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumonia, Candida albicans, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Borrelia hermsii). We show that all studied microbes use the same binding region located on one side of domain 20. Binding of FH to the microbial proteins was inhibited with heparin showing that the common microbial binding site overlaps with the heparin site needed for efficient binding of FH to host cells. Surprisingly, the microbial proteins enhanced binding of FH19-20 to C3b and down-regulation of complement activation. We show that this is caused by formation of a tripartite complex between the microbial protein, FH, and C3b. In this study we reveal that seven microbes representing different phyla utilize a common binding site on the domain 20 of FH for complement evasion. Binding via this site not only mimics the glycosaminoglycans of the host cells, but also enhances function of FH on the microbial surfaces via the novel mechanism of tripartite complex formation. This is a unique example of convergent evolution resulting in enhanced immune evasion of important pathogens viautilization of a “superevasion site.