A Survey of Methods For Analyzing and Improving GPU Energy Efficiency

Recent years have witnessed a phenomenal growth in the computational capabilities and applications of GPUs. However, this trend has also led to dramatic increase in their power consumption. This paper surveys research works on analyzing and improving energy efficiency of GPUs. It also provides a classification of these techniques on the basis of their main research idea. Further, it attempts to synthesize research works which compare energy efficiency of GPUs with other computing systems, e.g. FPGAs and CPUs. The aim of this survey is to provide researchers with knowledge of state-of-the-art in GPU power management and motivate them to architect highly energy-efficient GPUs of tomorrow.Comment: Accepted with minor revision in ACM Computing Survey Journal (impact factor 3.85, five year impact of 7.85

An Unusual Application of NASTRAN Contour Plotting Capability

A procedure is presented for obtaining contour plots of any physical quantity defined on a number of points of the surface of a structure. Rigid Format 1 of HEAT approach in Cosmic NASTRAN is ALTERED to enable use of contour plotting capability for scalar quantities. The ALTERED DMAP sequence is given. Examples include temperature distribution on the face of a cooled laser mirror and the angle of incidence or a radome surface

Lattice vibrations in high-pressure phases of LiYF4_{4}

Possible variations in the dynamical behaviour of LiYF$_{4}$ due to its several structural changes under pressure are examined by making use of the complementary techniques of quasi-harmonic lattice dynamics and molecular dynamics simulations. The phonon spectra in the entire Brillouin zone together with the respective Gibbs free energies are calculated for the three high-pressure polymorphs of LiYF$_{4}$ (that are stable at T = 0) with a view to better understand their relative stabilities as functions of pressure and temperature. The present work predicts anomalous thermal expansion at low temperatures in phases I and IIa while irreversibilty of phase II $\to$ phase III transition on subsequent pressure release. Molecular dynamics simulations provide qualitative impressions about a temperature-driven second-order transition and also of kinetic effects in the subsequent pressure-driven first-order phase transformation.Comment: 13 page

A New NASTRAN Capability for Data Reduction

A new module, MODB, for the data reduction of NASTRAN results is described. NASTRAN analysis results can be filtered and sorted for minimum/maximum values and the printed output resulting from large NASTRAN runs can be limited based on a number of available user options. The sorting is done on stresses, forces and vector quantities like displacements, velocity, and acceleration. The module can be accessed via DMAP alters to existing rigid formats, and has been used on a large number of statics and dynamics problems resulting in considerable savings in cost, time, and the amount of printing

A Survey of Techniques for Improving Security of GPUs

Graphics processing unit (GPU), although a powerful performance-booster, also has many security vulnerabilities. Due to these, the GPU can act as a safe-haven for stealthy malware and the weakest `link' in the security `chain'. In this paper, we present a survey of techniques for analyzing and improving GPU security. We classify the works on key attributes to highlight their similarities and differences. More than informing users and researchers about GPU security techniques, this survey aims to increase their awareness about GPU security vulnerabilities and potential countermeasures