33 research outputs found
In vitro effect of nanosilver toxicity on fibroblast and mesenchymal stem cell lines
Get PDFNanotechnology presents countless opportunities to develop new and improved consumer products for the benefit of the society . A most prominent nanoproduct is nanosilver. Nanosilver particles are generally smaller than 100 nm and contain 20–15,000 silver atoms. Despite the wide application of nanomaterials, there is a serious lack of information concerning their impact on human health. In the previous study we reported the cytotoxic of nanosilver on osteoblast G292 cancer cell line and the amount of IC50 determined as 3.42 µg/ml (Moaddab et al., Iran. Nano Lett., Vol. 1, No. 1, January 2011, pp. 11-16). The purpose of the present study is to assess the biological assay of nanosilver on two normal cell lines of fibroblast (HF2), and mesenchymal stem cells . The effect of nanosilver on these cells is evaluated by light microscopy, and by cell proliferation and standard cytotoxicity assays. The results demonstrate a concentration-dependent toxicity for the cells tested, and IC50 was determined as 6.33, and 6.68 µg/ml in mesenchymal stem cell, and fibroblast HF2, respectively. There is no significant difference between the 24 h and 48 h of cells exposure to nanosilver. The results show that Nano-Ag possesses low toxicity to normal cells and can display potential application in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy
OPTIMUM MIXED (MARITIME- AERIAL) ROUTE-PLANNING USING MINIMUM SPANNING TREE AND INTEGER PROGRAMMING
No full textBased on World Tourism Organization (WTO) statistics in recent 70 years, the
number of tourists has increased from 25 million in 1950 to 1 billion and 235
million in 2016. Extending and developing the transport network is one of the
main reasons for this growth. A more developed transport network can improve
the tourism rate in country which in return can help the economic growth rate.
Iran is considered a very rich country in terms of natural and historical
tourism resources; moreover, it has a great potential to become one of the main
tourism hubs in the region. Meanwhile, in some cities and places, tourism
standards have improved; however, in the southern islands of Iran, despite
eye-catching attractions, there has not been enough concerns about them and
this issue can be improved by developing the current transport network and
designing a new one. In this study, based on the system-system approach, the
focus is to design and offer different maritime and air transport solutions
between some of Iran's islands in Persian Gulf. In this regard, the research
aims to minimize the total cost of a combinational trip consisting of both
aerial as well as maritime routes. The devised methodology was applied to
finding optimal connecting routes among Persian Gulf islands. The method
exploits both Direct Operating Cost (DOC) as well as the value of ``time
factor''. In this study, the final network optimization was performed using two
methods of minimum spanning tree and integer programming with exact solution,
taking into account time factor of \$ 6 and \$ 8 per hour. The results of the simultaneous allocation of aircraft and passenger ships indicate the use of
ships at distances less than 300 km at a time factor of \$ 6 per hour and distances less than 200 km at a time factor of \$ 8 per hour; also, a comparison of the two optimization methods used for network design shows that the design of the tourism network by integer programming and the hub-and-spoke network
design by the minimum spanning tree will be efficient
Epidemiology and patterns of drug resistance among tuberculosis patients in Northwestern Iran
No full textBackground: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has emerged as an important global health concern and is on the rise throughout the world. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the epidemiology and pattern of TB drug resistance. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 180 pulmonary TB patients from two Northwestern provinces of Iran were selected. The first and second line drug susceptibility testing was carried out using the 1% proportion method on the Lφwenstein-Jensen medium. Full demographic, environmental and clinical history was evaluated. Results: Prevalence of resistance to any TB drug was 13.8%. Eight (4.4%) patients had MDR-TB (2.4% in the province of East Azerbaijan and 9.3% in the province of Ardabil) and one patient had extensively drug-resistant TB. Patient resistance to both isoniazid and streptomycin was the most prevalent at a rate of 8.3%. Patients showed the least resistance to ethambutol (2.8%). There was a significant relationship between the previous history of TB drug treatment and TB drug resistance. Migrants from rural to urban areas were in high-risk groups for the occurrence of TB drug resistance. Conclusion: In our study, prevalence of MDR was less than the global average. It is essential to monitor the patients with previous history of TB treatment and migrants by rapid and accurate techniques in terms of drug-resistance odds
In vitro effect of Nanosilver toxicity on fibroblast and mesenchymal stem cell lines
No full textNanotechnology presents countless opportunities to develop new and improved consumer products for the benefit of the society . A most prominent nanoproduct is nanosilver. Nanosilver particles are generally smaller than 100 nm and contain 20–15,000 silver atoms. Despite the wide application of nanomaterials, there is a serious lack of information concerning their impact on human health. In the previous study we reported the cytotoxic of nanosilver on osteoblast G292 cancer cell line and the amount of IC50 determined as 3.42 µg/ml (Moaddab et al., Iran. Nano Lett., Vol. 1, No. 1, January 2011, pp. 11-16). The purpose of the present study is to assess the biological assay of nanosilver on two normal cell lines of fibroblast (HF2), and mesenchymal stem cells . The effect of nanosilver on these cells is evaluated by light microscopy, and by cell proliferation and standard cytotoxicity assays. The results demonstrate a concentration-dependent toxicity for the cells tested, and IC50 was determined as 6.33, and 6.68 µg/ml in mesenchymal stem cell, and fibroblast HF2, respectively. There is no significant difference between the 24 h and 48 h of cells exposure to nanosilver. The results show that Nano-Ag possesses low toxicity to normal cells and can display potential application in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy.Publishe
Evaluation of Antifungal Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Against Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypseum
No full textA critical review of novel antibiotic resistance prevention approaches with a focus on postbiotics
No full textAntibiotic resistance is a significant public health issue, causing illnesses that were once easily treatable with antibiotics to develop into dangerous infections, leading to substantial disability and even death. To help fight this growing threat, scientists are developing new methods and techniques that play a crucial role in treating infections and preventing the inappropriate use of antibiotics. These effective therapeutic methods include phage therapies, quorum-sensing inhibitors, immunotherapeutics, predatory bacteria, antimicrobial adjuvants, haemofiltration, nanoantibiotics, microbiota transplantation, plant-derived antimicrobials, RNA therapy, vaccine development, and probiotics. As a result of the activity of probiotics in the intestine, compounds derived from the structure and metabolism of these bacteria are obtained, called postbiotics, which include multiple agents with various therapeutic applications, especially antimicrobial effects, by using different mechanisms. These compounds have been chosen in particular because they don’t promote the spread of antibiotic resistance and don’t include substances that can increase antibiotic resistance. This manuscript provides an overview of the novel approaches to preventing antibiotic resistance with emphasis on the various postbiotic metabolites derived from the gut beneficial microbes, their activities, recent related progressions in the food and medical fields, as well as concisely giving an insight into the new concept of postbiotics as "hyperpostbiotic".</p
High prevalence of goiter in an iodine replete area: do thyroid auto-antibodies play a role?
No full textHigh prevalence of goiter in an iodine replete area: do thyroid auto-antibodies play a role?
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