does participating in national and ethnic associations promote migrant integration a study with young first and second generation migrants

On arrival to a new country, migrants usually face language barriers, cultural barriers, discrimination, and other sources of unjust contextual conditions that lower their chances of a successful life (Handy and Greenspan, Nonprofit Volunt Sect Q 38:956–982, 2009). This scenario compromises their levels of well-being and supports a tendency toward social fragmentation in places of settlement (Garcia-Ramirez et al., Am J Community Psychol 47(1–2), 86–97, 2011). In response to this situation, migrants' engagement in civic life has been identified as an important element for developing both individual well-being and cohesive communities (Gilster, J Community Psychol 40(7), 769–784, 2012) (Stoll and Wong, Int Migr Rev 41(4), 880–908, 2007). Using a qualitative study, the present work explores the effects of activism on youth of sub-Saharan African origin, of the first and second generations, who are active in national and ethnic associations. The work aims to explore (1) through narratives the meaning that integration has for young migrants; (2) how integrated they feel; and (3) the role of the association, both national and ethnic, in the perception of integration of these young people

Drugs driving in Ireland: a preliminary study of the prevalence of driving under the influence of drugs on Irish roads.

Driving under the influence of alcohol on Irish roads is well publicised. In 1999, of the 8,476 sampler submitted by the Gardai to the Medical Bureau of Road safety for alcohol analysis, 92 per cent were over the legal alcohol limit. The results presented in this paper indicate that there has been a significant increase in driving under the influence of drugs in Irish roads since 1987, when 14.6 per cent of samples (under the legal alcohol limit) tested were found positive for drugs. This preliminary study has found that the percentage has risen to approximately 37 per cent. The extensive survey being carried out in 2000/2001 will identify true trends in the types of drugs being taken, their combination with alcohol, and the extent of polydrug use. This work also highlights the importance- of confirmatory analysis in the interpretation of drug screening results