Transmission Line Fault Monitoring and Identification System by Using Internet of Things

The fault location detection has been a goal of power system engineers, since the creation of distribution and transmission systems. Quick fault detection can help protect the equipment by allowing the disconnection of faulted lines before any significant damage of the equipment. The accurate fault location can help utility personnel remove persistent of the faults and locate the areas where the faults regularly occur, thus reducing the occurrence of fault and minimize the time of power outages. As a result, while the fault location detection schemes have been developed in the past, a variety of algorithms continue to be developed to perform this task more accurately and more effectively. The detection and location of faults on power transmission lines is essential to the protection and maintenance of a power system. Most methods of fault detection and location relate to the measurements of electrical quantities provided by current and voltage transformers. These transformers can be expensive and require physical contact with the monitored high voltage equipment

EFFECT OF HUMIC ACID ON PLANT GROWTH CHARACTERS AND GRAIN YIELD OF DRIP FERTIGATED AEROBIC RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)

An experiment was aimed to assess the effect of humic acid on plant growth attributes and yield of aerobic rice under conventional, drip and subsurface drip fertigation system allotted to main plot and fertiliser levels (75 and 100% RDF) with and without humic acid kept in sub plots. The results indicated that lengthier root (59.1 m hill1), high chlorophyll content (2.66 mg g-1), LAD (141 days), more productive tillers (680 tillers m-2) and yield (5645 kg ha-1) were produced under subsurface drip irrigation which was 21.0 percent increase over surface irrigation and 7.7 percent over drip irrigation system. Moreover, 100% RDF (150:50:50 NPK kg ha-1) applied with humic acid recorded maximum root length (58.8 m hill-1), higher chlorophyll content (2.61 mg g-1), LAD (151 days), more filled grain percentage (69.1) and yield (5616 kg ha-1). From this study it can be concluded that subsurface drip + 100% RDF with humic acid plants showed favourable morphological growth characters with improved yield attributes leads higher grain yield. This may be due to humic acid improve plant physiological processes by enhancing the availability of major and minor nutrients as well as enhancing the vitamins, amino acids, and also auxin, cytokinin and ABA contents of the plants

IMPORTANCE OF LARGE ROOT SYSTEM ON INCREASING YIELD IN DRIP IRRIGATED AEROBIC RICE

Study on the influence of drip irrigation system on certain root characters and grain yield in aerobic rice study was conducted during Dry Season (2011) in Coimbatore, India. The two lateral spacings with two discharge rate dripper treatments were experimented by using ADT(R) 45 variety. Chosen root characters were observed and correlated with the yield of aerobic rice. The increased root length, root density (length and weight), root oxidizing power, specific root length which are much favoured the yield of aerobic rice under 0.8 m lateral distance with 1.0 lph drippers. The physiological parameter of root oxidizing power improved the root activity, which was 38.2 per cent higher in 0.8 m LD with 1.0 lph dripper over the conventional aerobic rice treatment. Optimum yield (5793 Kg ha-1) was obtained in 0.8 m lateral distance, with 20x10 plant spacing along with 1.0 lph dripper treatment. Higher correlation coefficient root parameters such as Root Mass Density (0.865**), total root length (0.864**) were proved that the root system parameters were favoured the yield increment in rice under drip irrigation system. This 0.8 m lateral distance, with 20x10 plant spacing along with 1.0 lph dripper treatment might be recommended for the water scarce environment to achieve better root growth and yield in aerobic rice

Biology and management of \u3ci\u3ePlodia interpunctella\u3c/i\u3e (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in stored products

Plodia interpunctella (Hubner), the Indian meal moth, is a world-wide insect pest of stored-products and processed food commodities. It can infest a variety of products and is perhaps the most economically important insect pest of processed food. In this review, we summarize the biology of P. interpunctella, discuss oviposition and development in relation to temperature, environment and food source, examine studies involving sampling and detection, describe various aspects of integrated control, summarize the current knowledge regarding management of P. interpunctella, and address potential areas for new research. The use of reduced-risk insecticides, non-chemical control, targeted pest management through spatial analysis and other means of identifying specific locations of infestations, and computer models that simulate population growth, are examples of some of those new areas of research

Biology and management of \u3ci\u3ePlodia interpunctella\u3c/i\u3e (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in stored products

Plodia interpunctella (Hubner), the Indian meal moth, is a world-wide insect pest of stored-products and processed food commodities. It can infest a variety of products and is perhaps the most economically important insect pest of processed food. In this review, we summarize the biology of P. interpunctella, discuss oviposition and development in relation to temperature, environment and food source, examine studies involving sampling and detection, describe various aspects of integrated control, summarize the current knowledge regarding management of P. interpunctella, and address potential areas for new research. The use of reduced-risk insecticides, non-chemical control, targeted pest management through spatial analysis and other means of identifying specific locations of infestations, and computer models that simulate population growth, are examples of some of those new areas of research

Traffic Clearance for Ambulance during Pandemic Situation and Road Accidents using LoRaWAN Network

Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) plays an important role in handling pandemic situation and disaster management. Due to rapid urbanization, there is a requirement for implementing an effective traffic control system not only to avoid heavy congestion but also to make a better solution for ambulance clearance which would help to save the human life. The proposed work intends to implement an effective traffic control system using Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) that provides seamless traffic clearance for ambulances, so that they reach the hospitals without any delay. Cupcarbon, a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) simulator, is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed work. The simulation involves a case study considering an accident zone in Coimbatore city and the performance of the proposed system is compared with that of existing systems. The simulation results prove that LoRaWAN can be used to effectively control the traffic lights with a wider coverage range, as compared to existing systems

A phylogenetic classification of the world’s tropical forests

Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world’s tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region specific responses to global environmental change. Modern phylogenies, in combination with broad coverage of species inventory data, now allow for global biogeographic analyses that take species evolutionary distance into account. Here we present the first classification of the world’s tropical forests based on their phylogenetic similarity. We identify five principal floristic regions and their floristic relationships: (1) Indo-Pacific, (2) Subtropical, (3) African, (4) American, and (5) Dry forests. Our results do not support the traditional Neo- versus Palaeo-tropical forest division, but instead separate the combined American and African forests from their Indo-Pacific counterparts. We also find indications for the existence of a global dry forest region, with representatives in America, Africa, Madagascar and India. Additionally, a northern hemisphere Subtropical forest region was identified with representatives in Asia and America, providing support for a link between Asian and American northern hemisphere forests

Performance enhancement of stepped basin solar still based on OSELM with traversal tree for higher energy adaptive control

A basin solar still precision design is regularly not reachable. To solve this issue, the basin area is coated with a nanolayer which allows to stimulate and control the multifaceted of the fast evaporations of physiognomies. The use of adaptive neural network-based approaches leads to better design cause permits detecting the conjunction, gigantic period feed, lower performances parameters which can be detrimental to system production. Further, an online Sequential Extreme Learning Machine (OSELM) system can be used to obtain the latest solar still based on adaptive control. Here, the solar still has been created at physical scale activity for haste of energy absorption. The performance of solar still is defined by the uniform occurrence with time series of dynamics transfer from basin liner to saline water. The feasibility scheme to authenticate was studied by applying calculation to the extensive heat transfer process. The furious SiO2/TiO2 nanoparticles used for the stepped basin solar still (SBSS) efficiency shows an increase of performances by 37.69% and 49.21%, respectively using 20% and 30% of SiO2/TiO2 coating. It is comparable higher when equated against an SBSS coating either SiO2 or TiO2, and/or no nanoparticles coatings. The binary search tree enabled to find the optimal cost for the solar still investigated and obtaining a superior design with higher performances