Movements Recognition in the Human Body Based on Deep Learning Strategies

These days, the study of human body movements for the purpose of emotion identification is an absolutely necessary component of social communication. Several different contexts call for the implementation of non-verbal communication strategies such as gestures, eye movements, facial expressions, and body language. Among them, emotion detection based on body movements. It can also identify the emotions of a person even if they are too far away from the camera. Other studies have shown that body language can express emotional states more effectively than words can. In this research study, an emotional state is determined by the human motion of the entire body. The architecture of a deep convolution neural network is used, and multiple parameter settings are considered. Both the University of York's emotion dataset, which includes 15 different kinds of emotions, and dataset of GEMEP corpus, which includes five emotions, can be used to assess the proposed system. The results of the experiments demonstrated that the proposed system has a higher degree of recognition accuracy

Directing cell therapy to anatomic target sites in vivo with magnetic resonance targeting

Cell-based therapy exploits modified human cells to treat diseases but its targeted application in specific tissues, particularly those lying deep in the body where direct injection is not possible, has been problematic. Here we use a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system to direct macrophages carrying an oncolytic virus, Seprehvir, into primary and metastatic tumour sites in mice. To achieve this, we magnetically label macrophages with super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and apply pulsed magnetic field gradients in the direction of the tumour sites. Magnetic resonance targeting guides macrophages from the bloodstream into tumours, resulting in increased tumour macrophage infiltration and reduction in tumour burden and metastasis. Our study indicates that clinical MRI scanners can not only track the location of magnetically labelled cells but also have the potential to steer them into one or more target tissues

Construction of Modified Carbon Paste Electrodes for Determination of Tramadol in Very Trace Amounts

This research includes estimating the drug (Tramadol Hydrochloride, TR) using the potentiometric method by constructing selective electrodes for TR drug with the active ingredient (Ammonium Reinackate, AR) using a plasticizer (Nitro benzene, NB) and adding nanomaterials (Multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT), Nanosilica) for carbon paste electrodes to increase selectivity and sensitivity towards the material to be estimated. The results showed that the manufactured electrodes were able to estimate tramadol hydrochloride in the pharmaceutical preparation (tramadol tablets) at very low concentrations (trace amounts) up to 5.0×10-6 M using the direct and standard methods and proved to have a wide linear range up to 1.0´10-8 - 1.0´10-2 M. The Nernstatine slope of the prepared TR-AR-NB electrodes is (58.027, 58.251, and 58.694 mV/decade) for Carbon Paste Electrodes (CPE), MCPE (MWCNTs) and MCPE (MWCNTs+ nanosilica), respectively. The lower detection limit (LDL) is 2.39×10-7 M for the CPE and 4.98×10-8 M for the MCPE (MWCNTs) and 4.7384×10-9 M for the electrode MCPE (MWCNTs+ nanosilica) which makes it eligible for the estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in very low concentrations. The study included measuring the selectivity of these electrodes with the presence of interferers where the values ​​of Ki,jpot for all studied species were less than 1. The drug was identified in both urine and blood plasma, with a recovery of at least 99.309 for urine and 97.6593 for blood plasma

Destructive and Nondestructive Tests for Concrete Containing a Various Types of Fibers

Fibers have been considered an effective material that was used to improve the concrete's weak properties, namely its tensile strength, ductility, and crack resistance. Thus, the current study highlights two major objective, the former is the fibers shapes and types on the mechanical properties of the fresh and hardened concrete while the latter explores the impact of the fiber contents on the concrete mechanical properties developments. To achieve these targets six types of fibers (five of them made of steel and the last was polyolefin fibers) with various shapes are utilized. The tests were carried out to investigate the fibers shape and material contribution in the concrete mix properties improvement. The samples were subjected to destructive and non-destructive tests such as workability, compression, bending, and splitting. The non-destructive tests include ultrasonic pulse velocities and the Schmidt Hammer test. Three kinds of fibers (two of steel and one of polyolefin fiber) are used with variable content ratios of 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.5% to study the fiber content effect. Generally, the workability of fresh concrete has a reverse relationship with fiber presence and fiber content ratios. The compressive capacity, splitting and flexural strength has a direct proportion with fibers contents. The hooked steel fibers appeared the best results in terms of shape comparison. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-11-07 Full Text: PD

Vitamin D Deficiency and Exogenous Vitamin D Excess Similarly Increase Diffuse Atherosclerotic Calcification in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice

Background: Observational data associate lower levels of serum vitamin D with coronary artery calcification, cardiovascular events and mortality. However, there is little interventional evidence demonstrating that moderate vitamin D deficiency plays a causative role in cardiovascular disease. This study examined the cardiovascular effects of dietary vitamin D deficiency and of vitamin D receptor agonist (paricalcitol) administration in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Methods: Mice were fed atherogenic diets with normal vitamin D content (1.5IU/kg) or without vitamin D. Paricalcitol, or matched vehicle, was administered 3× weekly by intraperitoneal injection. Following 20 weeks of these interventions cardiovascular phenotype was characterized by histological assessment of aortic sinus atheroma, soluble markers, blood pressure and echocardiography. To place the cardiovascular assessments in the context of intervention effects on bone, structural changes at the tibia were assessed by microtomography. Results: Vitamin D deficient diet induced significant reductions in plasma vitamin D (p<0.001), trabecular bone volume (p<0.01) and bone mineral density (p<0.005). These changes were accompanied by an increase in calcification density (number of calcifications per mm2) of von Kossa-stained aortic sinus atheroma (461 versus 200, p<0.01). Paricalcitol administration suppressed parathyroid hormone (p<0.001), elevated plasma calcium phosphate product (p<0.005) and induced an increase in calcification density (472 versus 200, p<0.005) similar to that seen with vitamin D deficiency. Atheroma burden, blood pressure, metabolic profile and measures of left ventricular hypertrophy were unaffected by the interventions. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency, as well as excess, increases atherosclerotic calcification. This phenotype is induced before other measures of cardiovascular pathology associated clinically with vitamin D deficiency. Thus, maintenance of an optimal range of vitamin D signalling may be important for prevention of atherosclerotic calcification

Effect of Aeromonas Hydrofila on Interleukin 10 Gene Expression of Liver, Spleen and Muscle Tissue in Common Carp Fish

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; أجريت الدراسة في مختبر الأسماك العائد لقسم الأنتاج الحيواني في الكلية التقنية المسيب للمدة من 23 شباط الى 16 اذار 2019 , تضمنت التجربة أربع معاملات وهي كل من معاملة السيطرة (t1 ) والملح (t2 ) والبكتريا الحية (t3 ) والبكتريا المقتولة (t4 ) , بواقع عشرين سمكة من نوع الكارب الاعتيادي Caprinus Carpio لكل معاملة. كان الهدف من الدراسة معرفة أثر الأصابة البكتيرية في التعبير الجيني لجين IL-10 ومقارنة هذا التعبير بين ثلاث انسجة وهي الكبد والطحال والنسيج العضلي, فقد سجلت معاملة البكتريا الحيةt3) ) أعلى تعبير جيني مقارنة ببقية المعاملات في الكبد الا ان الفارق كان قليلا مع جين المقارنه بيتا اكتين بمقدار (β-actin) (23.71 ) . أما في الطحال فكان التعبير الجيني لجين IL-10 الاعلى في المعاملة الرابعة t4) ) بمقدار (23.29) ألا انها كانت أقل من جين المقارنة β-actin (25.76) لنفس المعاملة. أما في النسيج العضلي فقد كان التعبير الجيني لجين IL-10 فكان الاعلى في معاملة السيطرة (t1) مقارنة ببقية المعاملات فيما كان التعبير الجيني هو الأقل لجين المقارنة β-actin مقارنة ببقية المعاملات . أما فيما يخص التعبير النسبي لجين IL-10 (نسبه الى جين المقارنة ومعاملة السيطرة) في الكبد سجلت معامله البكتريا الحية (t3) أعلى تعبير نسبي للجين IL-10 (728.6) تلتها معاملة البكتريا المقتولة (t4) وبواقع (22.86) وبفارق كبير عن معاملة الملح (t2) (1.16) أما في الطحال فقد سجلت معاملة البكتريا المقتولة t4)) أعلى تعبير نسبي (2112.8) وبفارق كبير عن المعاملتين الثانية والثالثة (155,3.09 على التوالي) .اما في النسيج العضلي فقد كان التعبير النسبي لجين IL-10 في المعاملات الثانية والثالثة والرابعة أقل مما هي عليه في معاملة السيطرة نسبة الي جين المقارنة بيتا اكتين. نستنتج ان اعلى تعبير للجين IL-10 قد ظهر في الكبد عند حدوث الاصابة البكتيرية ولم يكن كذلك في الطحال والنسيج العضلي .&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The study was conducted in the laboratory of fish belonging to the Department of Animal Production at the Technical College of Musayyib for the period from February 23 to March 16/2019 , the experiment included four treatments, namely control treatment (t1) and salt group (t2) and live bacteria group (t3) and killed bacteria group (t4), by 20 A common carp Caprinus Carpio fish per treatment.the aim of the study was to identify the effect of bacterial infection in the gene expression of the gene IL-10 and compare this expression between three tissues, namely liver, spleen and muscle tissue .Regarding the gene expression of the IL-10 gene, the treatment of live bacteria (t3) showed the highest gene expression compared to the rest of the liver, but it But it made little difference with the B-actin gene (23.71). In the spleen, the gene expression of the IL-10 gene was highest in the fourth treatment (t4) (23.29), but it was lower than the comparison gene B-actin (25.76) for the same treatment. In muscular tissue, the gene expression of IL-10 was higher in the control treatment (t1) compared to the rest of the treatments, but Gene expression was the least in the comparison gene β-actin compared to the rest of the treatments. Regarding the relative expression of the IL-10 gene (relative to the comparison gene and control treatment) in the liver, the live bacterial treatment (t3) recorded the highest relative expression of the IL-10 gene (728.6) followed by the treatment of the killed bacteria (t4) (22.86) by a highly difference from Salt (t2) (1.16)&nbsp; . in the spleen, the treatment of the bacteria killed (t4) was the highest relative expression (2112.8) by a highly difference with the second and third treatments (15.5,3.09 respectively). In muscle tissue,&nbsp; the relative expression of the IL-10 gene in second, third and fourth treatments were lowest than in the control treatment relative to the β-actin gene. We conclude that the highest expression of the IL-10 gene appeared in the liver when bacterial infection occurred and was not the case in the spleen and muscle tissue

Norovirus: an overview of virology and preventative measures

Norovirus (NoV) is an enteric non-enveloped virus which is the leading cause of gastroenteritis across all age groups. It is responsible for around 200,000 deaths annually and outbreaks are common in small communities such as educational and care facilities. 40% of all NoV outbreaks occur in long-term and acute-care facilities, forming the majority of outbreaks. Nosocomial settings set ideal environments for ease of transmission, especially due to the presence of immunocompromised groups. It is estimated to cost global economies around £48 billion a year, making it a global issue. NoV is transmitted via the faecal-oral route and infection with it results in asymptomatic cases or gastrointestinal disease. It has high mutational rates and this allows for new variants to emerge and be more resistant. The classification system available divides NoV into 10 genogroups and 49 genotypes based on whole amino acid sequencing of VP1 capsid protein and partial sequencing of RdRp, respectively. The most predominant genotypes which cause gastroenteritis in humans include GI.1 and GII.4, where GII.4 is responsible for more extreme clinical implications such as hospitalisation. In addition, GII.4 has been responsible for 6 pandemic strains, the last of which is the GII.4 Sydney (2012) variant. In recent years, the successful cultivation of HuNoV was reported in stem cell-derived human intestinal enteroids (HIEs), which promises to assist in giving a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms of infection and the development of more personalized control measures. There are no specific control measures against NoV, therefore common practices are used against it such as hand washing. No vaccine is available, but the HIL-214 candidate passed clinical phase 2b and shows promise

A peptide derived from TIMP-3 inhibits multiple angiogenic growth factor receptors and tumour growth and inflammatory arthritis in mice

The binding of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) on the surface of vascular endothelial cells stimulates many steps in the angiogenic pathway. Inhibition of this interaction is proving of value in moderating the neovascularization accompanying age-related macular degeneration and in the treatment of cancer. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP-3) has been shown to be a natural VEGFR-2 specific antagonist—an activity that is independent of its ability to inhibit metalloproteinases. In this investigation we localize this activity to the C-terminal domain of the TIMP-3 molecule and characterize a short peptide, corresponding to part of this domain, that not only inhibits all three VEGF-family receptors, but also fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors. This multiple-receptor inhibition may explain why the peptide was also seen to be a powerful inhibitor of tumour growth and also a partial inhibitor of arthritic joint inflammation in vivo

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Soil of Fellujah City

Inductively coupled Plasma- Atomic Emmision Spectroscopy (ICPE-AES) was applied for the analysis of the soil of Fallujah city. The samples were taken from 50 different locations in the city and at the depths 20, 40 and 60 cm. No Cd ions were detected in the soil. Yet significant contamination was dtected with elements, Pb, Cr, Ni, Co, Zn and Cu. Fe concentration value was found to be less than the international average concentration value. The results showed a diffusion of the contaminating elements into the soil ( at 20, 40 and 60 cm) of the sampling location