Teacher discrimination in occupational expectations and grading

This paper studies the extent of teacher’s discrimination in occupational expectations and analyses whether discrimination in occupational expectations would further perpetuate discrimination in grading on the basis of student’s caste and socio-economic status. The paper adopts an experimental approach and draws on data generated from 122 teachers from 19 schools in Delhi, India. Student’s caste and socio-economic status were randomly assigned to a set of essays written by students such that the assigned characteristics were not related to essay quality. The results show that teachers’ expect students belonging to low caste and low socio-economic status will be less likely to realize their occupational ambitions relative to students belonging to high caste and high socio-economic status. Consistent with this bias in expectations there is also a bias in grading which shows that low expectations of a teacher perpetuates discrimination in grades awarded. Essays assigned low caste and low socio-economic status characteristics are graded 3.64 points lower relative to essays assigned to high caste and high socio-economic status. Given the ultra-competitive nature of schooling in India and the importance of grades in determining access to higher education in India, a 3.64 point disadvantage is substantial. The estimates also show that there is a trade-off between caste and socio-economic status. Belonging to a high socio-economic status lowers the extent of discrimination faced by low caste students

Measurement of (n,γ) reaction cross section of 186W-isotope at neutron energy of 20.02±0.58 MeV

392-396The cross-section of 186W(n,γ)187W reaction has been measured at an average neutron energy of 20.02±0.58 MeV by using activation technique. The 27Al(n,α)24Na and 115In(n,n´)115mIn reactions have been used for absolute neutron flux measurement. Theoretically the reaction cross-sections have been calculated by using the TALYS-1.9 code. The results from the present work and the EXFOR based literature data have been compared with the evaluated data and calculated data from TALYS-1.9 code

Measurements of 181Ta(n,2n)180Ta reaction cross-section at the neutron energy of 14.78 MeV

The cross-section of the 181Ta(n,2n)180Ta reaction has been measured with respect to the 197Au(n,2n)196Au monitor reaction at the incident neutron energy of 14.78± 0.20 MeV, using neutron activation analysis and off-line -ray spectrometric technique. The present measurement has been done at the energy where discrepant measured results are available in the EXFOR data library. The result has been compared with evaluated data libraries JEFF-3.3 and ENDF/B-VII.1. The present result has also been supported by theoretical predictions of nuclear model code TALYS1.8 and TALYS-1.9. The uncertainty and the correlations among the measured cross-section has been studied using co-variance analysis

Measurement of (n,) reaction cross section of W-186-isotope at neutron energy of 20.02±0.58 MeV

The cross-section of 186W(n,)187W reaction has been measured at an average neutron energy of 20.02±0.58 MeV by using activation technique. The 27Al(n,)24Na and 115In(n,n´)115mIn reactions have been used for absolute neutron flux measurement. Theoretically the reaction cross-sections have been calculated by using the TALYS-1.9 code. The results from the present work and the EXFOR based literature data have been compared with the evaluated data and calculated data from TALYS-1.9 code

Measurements of 181Ta(n,2n)180Ta reaction cross-section at the neutron energy of 14.78 MeV

The cross-section of the 181Ta(n,2n)180Ta reaction has been measured with respect to the 197Au(n,2n)196Au monitor reaction at the incident neutron energy of 14.78± 0.20 MeV, using neutron activation analysis and off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique. The present measurement has been done at the energy where discrepant measured results are available in the EXFOR data library. The result has been compared with evaluated data libraries JEFF-3.3 and ENDF/B-VII.1. The present result has also been supported by theoretical predictions of nuclear model code TALYS1.8 and TALYS-1.9. The uncertainty and the correlations among the measured cross-section has been studied using co-variance analysis

Measurement of (n,γ) reaction cross section of 186W-isotope at neutron energy of 20.02±0.58 MeV

The cross-section of 186W(n,γ)187W reaction has been measured at an average neutron energy of 20.02±0.58 MeV by using activation technique. The 27Al(n,α)24Na and 115In(n,n´)115mIn reactions have been used for absolute neutron flux measurement. Theoretically the reaction cross-sections have been calculated by using the TALYS-1.9 code. The results from the present work and the EXFOR based literature data have been compared with the evaluated data and calculated data from TALYS-1.9 code

MRI Manifestation and Early Diagnosis of Bone Infarct: A Rare Complication of Steroid Therapy for Pemphigus

The objective of the study was to analyse the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestation of bone infarction and explore the value of such imaging in early diagnosis. In bone infarction, aseptic osteonecrosis occurs in the metaphysis and diaphysis of long bones. The “Double line” sign in MRI is most characteristic of this lesion and is seen as high signal intensity in the inner zone along with lowsignal-intensity line in the outer zone in a T2 weighted image. In clinically suspected patients, MRI can be used for early diagnosis. Here we describe a case of pemphigus resulting from steroid therapy leading to development of bone infarction in the metadiaphyseal region of the femur and tibia

MRI in congenital duplication of urethra

Congenital urethral duplication is a rare anomaly, with less than 200 cases described in the literature. The investigations that are usually performed are micturating cystourethrography (MCU) and retrograde urethrography (RGU), which can diagnose the presence of duplication but cannot diagnose the precise relationship of the duplicated urethra with other pelvic structures. MRI, because of the excellent tissue contrast that it provides and its multiplanar ability, can demonstrate with precision, the size, shape and position of the two urethras. We describe below a case where MRI was able to show this exquisitely

Highly enantioselective organocatalytic syn- and anti-aldol reactions in aqueous medium

We have synthesized chiral diamines that efficiently catalyze the syn- and anti-aldol reactions in aqueous medium with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities. The product, thus obtained, was further reduced selectively to give syn-configured 1,2,3-triol, an important subunit present in various monosaccharides and natural products such as (+)-boronolide