A linear programming-based approach for optimizing drip irrigation systems and crop productivity

Sustainable agriculture requires the integration of advanced technologies to enhance productivity and resource efficiency. This study aimed to optimize an automated drip irrigation system. Using linear programming, optimal values for key crop attributes were determined based on different irrigation systems and water quality treatments. Attributes such as plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, number of fruits and yield in respective of irrigation system, water quality and days after transplanting. The results revealed that all the independent attributes affected the plant height, number of leaves, number of fruits, number of branches and yield. The optimum values of plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, number of fruits and optimum yield were higher for the wireless-based drip irrigation system (IS2) with treated fruit processing wastewater (WQ2) than for the wire-based irrigation system. Based on the substantially increased net return in the wireless irrigation system model, it is the better-suited model under the given conditions. Hence, the combination of treated fruit processing wastewater with a wireless-based system is recommended

Resynthesized Brassica juncea lines with novel organellar genome constitution obtained through protoplast fusion

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In vitro study of some plant extracts against Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria brassicicola

Madhya Pradesh is an important rapeseed-mustard producing state of India contributing nearly of the total production in the country. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of some botanicals viz., Neem, Eucalyptus, Datura, Pudina, Tulsi, Lantana under crude and Forms @ against 10% Alternaria brassicae under in vitro condition by poisoned food technique. Neem and Eucalyptus were also evaluated in the oil forms.  Nearly all the tested botanicals found effective against these fungi. Among the crude extract 10 per cent the minimum growth was recorded in Neem followed by Eucalyptus, Tulsi, Lantana, Datura and Pudina. Neem was significantly superior over Tulsi, Lantana, Datura and Pudina but at par with Eucalyptus. Under boil forms the minimum radial growth was also recorded in Neem. The oil extract (Neem and Eucalyptus) were found less effective as compared to crude and boil extracts

A Prospective Observational Study of Spectrum of Tropical Infections in Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mumbai, Maharashtra

Background and aims: Pregnancy is associated with several hormonal and mechanical changes in the body. The tropical infections that most commonly affect pregnant females are malaria, dengue, leptospirosis and typhoid. These tropical infections cause many medical complications in pregnancy by causing anemia, thrombocytopenia, bleeding and inflammatory reactions. Therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate the clinical presentation, complications and outcome of tropical infections in pregnancy. Material and methods: The present study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, Maharashtra over a period of 1½ year (January 2018 to June 2019) after getting approval from Institutional Ethics Committee. In this study, 250 pregnant patients admitted in medicine ward, obstetrics and gynecology ward, and ICU with symptoms and signs of tropical infections and age more than 18 years, who gave written informed consent, were included. Results: The most common age group amongst the study population was 20 to 24 years (41.6%), followed by 25 to 29 years (40%) and 30 to 35 years (18.4%). Most of the study population had gestational age of 1 to 12 weeks (61.6%), followed by 13 to 28 weeks (31.6%) and more than 28 weeks (6.8%). Most of the study population had parity 2 (46.8%), followed by parity 1 (43.2%), parity 3 (6.8%) and parity 4 (3.2%). The most common clinical features amongst the study population was fever (62%), followed by headache (32.8%), nausea (30.8%), pain in abdomen (26.4%) and petechiae (26%). The most common infections amongst the study population were malaria (11.2%), dengue (8%), leptospirosis (6%) and enteric fever (5.2%). The most common medical complications were bleeding due to thrombocytopenia (TCP) (6.8%), followed by serositis (5.2%), ARDS (4.4%), meningitis (2.8%), subconjunctival hemorrhage (2.8%) and encephalitis (1.4%). Complicated infections were seen in 30% of the study population. Conclusion: All pregnant women must be evaluated at primary care centers properly in their antenatal visits for their parity status and any associated risk factors and diseases. By doing this, we can reduce many tropical infections, complications and maternal mortality in early stage of pregnancy

A Prospective Observational Study of Spectrum of Tropical Infections in Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mumbai, Maharashtra

Background and aims: Pregnancy is associated with several hormonal and mechanical changes in the body. The tropical infections that most commonly affect pregnant females are malaria, dengue, leptospirosis and typhoid. These tropical infections cause many medical complications in pregnancy by causing anemia, thrombocytopenia, bleeding and inflammatory reactions. Therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate the clinical presentation, complications and outcome of tropical infections in pregnancy. Material and methods: The present study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, Maharashtra over a period of 1½ year (January 2018 to June 2019) after getting approval from Institutional Ethics Committee. In this study, 250 pregnant patients admitted in medicine ward, obstetrics and gynecology ward, and ICU with symptoms and signs of tropical infections and age more than 18 years, who gave written informed consent, were included. Results: The most common age group amongst the study population was 20 to 24 years (41.6%), followed by 25 to 29 years (40%) and 30 to 35 years (18.4%). Most of the study population had gestational age of 1 to 12 weeks (61.6%), followed by 13 to 28 weeks (31.6%) and more than 28 weeks (6.8%). Most of the study population had parity 2 (46.8%), followed by parity 1 (43.2%), parity 3 (6.8%) and parity 4 (3.2%). The most common clinical features amongst the study population was fever (62%), followed by headache (32.8%), nausea (30.8%), pain in abdomen (26.4%) and petechiae (26%). The most common infections amongst the study population were malaria (11.2%), dengue (8%), leptospirosis (6%) and enteric fever (5.2%). The most common medical complications were bleeding due to thrombocytopenia (TCP) (6.8%), followed by serositis (5.2%), ARDS (4.4%), meningitis (2.8%), subconjunctival hemorrhage (2.8%) and encephalitis (1.4%). Complicated infections were seen in 30% of the study population. Conclusion: All pregnant women must be evaluated at primary care centers properly in their antenatal visits for their parity status and any associated risk factors and diseases. By doing this, we can reduce many tropical infections, complications and maternal mortality in early stage of pregnancy

In-Vitro Anticancer Assessment of Synthesized 1-(5-Substituted-1H-Indol-3-Yl)-3-(4- Substituted-Furan-3-Yl) Prop-2-En-1-One Derivatives

Objective: To synthesize and characterized new 1-(5-substituted-1H-indol-3-yl)-3-(4- substituted-furan-3-yl) prop-2-en-1-one derivatives and screen their in-vitro anticancer activity. Material and Methods: By reacting 2-amino-5-substituted-benzaldehyde with derivatives of 1-chloropropan-2-one,1-(5-subsituted-1H-indol-3-yl)-3-(4-substituted-furan-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one indole chalcone compounds were synthesized. Based on FT-IR, H1 and C13 NMR, MS spectrum investigations, the newly synthesized compounds were described. Using the MTT assay, all the synthesized compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of human colorectal cells (HCT-116). Results: According to FT-IR, H1 and C13 NMR spectrum data, the indole substituted chalcone compounds (SCS1-7) were successfully synthesized by condensation method. A dose-dependent suppression of cell growth was produced by all synthesized substances. The IC50 values for all synthesized compounds were obtained from range 13.53 to 558.53 μM. Among the synthesized chalcone compounds SCS3 and SCS4 were showed to be the most potent anticancer activity. Conclusion: These findings suggested that chalcone derivatives having indole ring may serve as promising new targets for the development of anticancer drugs

Synthesis, Characterization and Anticancer Evaluation of 1-(5-Substituted-1H-Indol-3-Yl)-3-(P-Substituted-Benzyl) Prop-2-En-1-One Derivatives

Objectives: To synthesize and characterized new 1-(5-substituted-1H-indol-3-yl)-3-(p-substituted-benzyl) prop-2-en-1-one derivatives and screen their in-vitro anticancer activity. Methods: By reacting 2-amino-5-substituted-benzaldehyde with derivatives of 1-chloropropan-2-one,1-(5-substituted-1H-indol-3-yl)-3-(p-substituted-benzyl)prop-2-en-1-one indole chalcone compounds were synthesized. Based on FT-IR, H1 and C13 NMR, MS spectrum investigations, the newly synthesized compounds were described. Using the MTT assay, all the synthesized compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of human colorectal cells (HCT-116). Results: According to FT-IR, H1 and C13 NMR spectrum data, the indole substituted chalcone compounds (SBS1-7) were successfully synthesized by condensation method. A dose-dependent suppression of cell growth was produced by all synthesized substances. The IC50 values for all synthesized compounds were obtained from range 10.70 to 553.94 μM. Among the synthesized chalcone compounds SBS3 and SBS4 were showed to be the most potent anticancer activity. Conclusions: These findings suggested that chalcone derivatives having indole ring may serve as promising new targets for the development of anticancer drugs