Extraocular Muscle Imbalance and Outcomes of Scleral Buckling Surgery for Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

Objective: The objective was to study the muscle imbalance, restrictive motility in unlike gazes and the outcomes of the scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Study design: Prospective follow-up study Settings and duration: The study was conducted at Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital Rawalpindi from Aug 2015 to Jan 2016. Methodology: The patients were checked prior to surgery and two follow up visits were done afterwards. Thorough history was taken along with full orthoptic assessment and ocular motility in all four main gazes including elevation, depression, adduction and abduction. Vision, type and position of explants, site of detachment, and risk factors of detachment were also observed. Results: A total of 48 eyes of 46 patients were taken. Mean age of the study participants was 37.16±20.37 years. Horizontal, vertical and combined deviations were observed in study population. Exo deviation was most common deviation among patients. Most reported risk factors of retinal detachment included trauma, pseudophakia, aphakia and myopia. Motility limitations of all four gazes was observed and it was found out that after buckling the squint and restriction is been increased up till two months. Conclusion: Ocular restriction among the patients was observed over a period of 2 months and it depicted that encircling with sclera buckling elicited an increase in restrictive ocular motility from pre-operative to 1 week and 2 months after surgery

Identifying Products in Online Cybercrime Marketplaces: A Dataset for Fine-grained Domain Adaptation

One weakness of machine-learned NLP models is that they typically perform poorly on out-of-domain data. In this work, we study the task of identifying products being bought and sold in online cybercrime forums, which exhibits particularly challenging cross-domain effects. We formulate a task that represents a hybrid of slot-filling information extraction and named entity recognition and annotate data from four different forums. Each of these forums constitutes its own "fine-grained domain" in that the forums cover different market sectors with different properties, even though all forums are in the broad domain of cybercrime. We characterize these domain differences in the context of a learning-based system: supervised models see decreased accuracy when applied to new forums, and standard techniques for semi-supervised learning and domain adaptation have limited effectiveness on this data, which suggests the need to improve these techniques. We release a dataset of 1,938 annotated posts from across the four forums.Comment: To appear at EMNLP 201

Pengaruh Diklat Berbasis Lesson Study Terhadap Peningkatan Kompetensi Sosial Dan Kompetensi Kepribadian Guru Sains Serta Efeknya Terhadap Sikap Ilmiah Siswa

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh diklat berbasis lesson study terhadap peningkatan kompetensi sosial dan kompetensi kepribadian guru sains serta efeknya terhadap sikap ilmiah siswa. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah one group pre-test post-test design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ada dua yakni guru sains yang berjumlah 11 orang dan siswa kelas X yang berjumlah 240 orang. Seluruh data baik kompetensi sosial dan kompetensi kepribadian guru maupun sikap ilmiah siswa dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Data kompetensi sosial dan kompetensi kepribadian guru dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon, sedangkan data sikap ilmiah siswa dianalisis dengan uji-t. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) kualitas pelaksanaan lesson study pada guru sains SMA Negeri 4 Singaraja menunjukkan kualifikasi sangat baik; 2) pelaksanaan diklat berbasis lesson study berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kompetensi sosial guru sains SMA Negeri 4 Singaraja; 3) pelaksanaan diklat berbasis lesson study berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kompetensi kepribadian guru sains SMA Negeri 4 Singaraja; 4) pelaksanaan diklat berbasis lesson study berdampak terhadap sikap ilmiah siswa SMA Negeri 4 Singaraja. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa diklat berbasis lesson study berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kompetensi sosial dan kompetensi kepribadian guru sains serta efeknya terhadap sikap ilmiah siswa. Kata Kunci : lesson study, kompetensi sosial, kompetensi kepribadian, sikap ilmiah This study was aimed to determine the effect of training based lesson study to the improvement of social competence and personal competence of science teachers as well as their effects on students\u27 scientific attitude. The design of this study is one group pre-test post-test design. There are two kind of population, namely 11 science teachers and 240 students of class X. Both data, social competence and personal competence of science teachers, and scientific attitude of students were collected using questionnaires. The data of social competence and personal competence of science teachers were analyzed using Wilcoxon test; while the data of students\u27 scientific attitude were analysed using t-test. The result of the research shows: 1) the quality of Lesson study on science teachers of SMAN 4 Singaraja demonstrates excellent qualifications; 2) the implementation of training based lesson study affects the improvement of social competence of science teachers of SMAN 4 Singaraja; 3) the implementation of training based lesson study affects the improvement of personal competence of science teachers of SMAN 4 Singaraja; 4) the implementation of training based lesson study affects the students\u27 scientific attitude of SMAN 4 Singaraja. Based on those results, it can be concluded that training based lesson study significantly affect the inprovement in social competence and personal competence of science teachers as well as their effects on students\u27 scientific attitude.keyword : lesson study, social competence, personal competence, scientific attitud

Pengaruh Media Cd Interaktif Berbantuan Lks Terhadap Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar IPA Kelas V Di SD 1,2,5 Banyuasri-singaraja

The aim of the study was to analyze: (1) differences in motivation between the students learning based on interactive CD media and those studying based on conventional model, (2) differences in learning achievement between the students learning based on interactive CD media and those studying based on conventional model, (3) differences in motivation and learning achievement between the students learning based on interactive CD media and those studying based on conventional model. It was a quasi experiment type of study utilizing a post-test control group design. All students of class V at SD.1,2,5 Banyuasri, Singaraja were involved as the subjects of the study. The class was determined by using random sampling technique. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and MANOVA. The results of the study indicated that: (1) motivation of the students learning based on worksheet assisted CD interactive media was found higher than motivation of those learning based conventional model (F=536.698,p<0.05), (2) the learning achievement of the students learning based on worksheet assisted CD interactive media was found higher than that of those learning based conventional model, (F=507.685,p<0.05), and (3) there was a clearly significant difference of motivation and learning achievement between the students learning Natural Science based on worksheet assisted CD interactive media and those learning based conventional model (F=6.577.p<0.05). Key-words: Interactive CD, Motivation, Learning Achievement, Natural Science, and Elementary School

Epidemiological Characteristics of Poliomyelitis During the 21st Century (2000-2013)

Poliovirus is the pathogenic agent of paralytic poliomyelitis that belongs to the picornaviridae family. Poliomyelitis has an extended history dating over to the Egyptian eighteenth dynasty. It was recognized as distinct disease in the late nineteenth century when the world was ravaged by large number of outbreaks and epidemics in many countries. Paralytic Polio, the rarest but the most severe form of the disease, is characterized by acute flaccid paralysis of any or rarely both of the limbs. Increasing epidemics during the late 19th and 20th centuries lead to the initiation of a worldwide global effort for polio eradication in 1988, super headed by WHO and various other organizations. The launch of Global Polio Eradication Initiative together with the introduction of two polio vaccines resulted in 99% reduction of wild poliovirus cases worldwide while the total number of polio-endemic countries dropped from 24 countries in the year 2000 to only three countries in 2012; Afghanistan, Nigeria and Pakistan. This review will focus on the general biology of poliovirus, some historic and geographic epidemiological aspects of poliomyelitis eradication during the year 2000-2012 and also on the major failing factors associated with the efficiency of the vaccines to eradicate polio in Pakistan

Factors Contributing to Examination Malpractices at Secondary School Level in Kohat Division, Pakistan

The purpose of this research work was to identify the factors that contribute to examination malpractices at secondary school level. The target population of the study was all the heads, teachers and students at secondary school level in Kohat Division (Pakistan). The study was delimited to the 80 male secondary schools. The sample for this study was made up of 840 respondents which were selected through simple random sampling technique. A self-developed semi-structured questionnaire was used as research instrument for data collection. Descriptive statistics i.e., simple percentage, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics i.e., ANOVA were applied for the statistical analysis of data. The findings of the study explored that there are various factors that contribute to examination malpractices i.e., corruption; poor implementation of examinations rules; students and parental threats; no fear of punishment; inadequate preparation for examination; poor invigilation; collusion; disloyalty of examination bodies; fear of failure; poor morale and economic depression of supervisory staff etc. Furthermore, the findings of the study revealed that bringing of unauthorized materials to examination hall; sending of prepared answers to students by teachers and parents; impersonation; questions and papers leakage; cheating; and scripts changing are the various forms of examination malpractices. Based on findings, it was recommended that examination rules should be implemented effectively and those who were found guilty should be given severe exemplary punishment according to the examination's rules

Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Fisika Dengan Setting Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran fisika dengan setting model pembelajaran inkuiri yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis siswa. Pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran mengacu pada model pengembangan 4-D yang terdiri dari define, design, develop, dan dissemination. Tahap pengembangan hanya dilakukan sampai tahap develop. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan lembar validasi, lembar observasi, angket, dan tes. Metode analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif terhadap validitas dan kepraktisan perangkat pembelajaran. Efektivitas perangkat pembelajaran dilakukan dengan one group pretest posttest design. Efektivitas perangkat pembelajaran dianalisis dengan uji t pihak kanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan (1) perangkat pembelajaran dinyatakan sangat valid dengan skor rata-rata 3,80, (2) perangkat pembelajaran dinyayakan sangat praktis dengan skor rata-rata 3,71, (3) perangkat pembelajaran dinyatakan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan thitung sebesar 17,45 (thitung > ttabel), dengan gain score sebesar 0,61 dan (4) perangkat pembelajaran dinyatakan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan thitung sebesar 16,75 (thitung > ttabel), dengan gain score sebesar 0,35. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran fisika dengan setting model pembelajara inkuiri telah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kemampuan berpikir kritis.Kata Kunci : Inkuiri, Pemecahan Masalah, Berpikir Kritis This research aims to produce a physics learning device by a valid, practical, and effective setting of inquiry learning model to improve the students Problem Solving ability and Critical Thinking ability. Development of the learning device refers to the 4-D model of development as define, design, develop, and dissemination. Step of development is only done to the develop stage. Data was collected using validation sheets, observation sheets, questionnaires, and tests. The method of data analysis has been done using quantitative descriptive analysis of the validity and practicality of learning tools. Effectiveness of the learning is done by one group pretest posttest design. The effectiveness of the learning device was analyzed by t test right parties. The results were obtained (1) expressed very valid learning device with an average score of 3,80, (2) expressed very practical learning device with an average score of 3,71, (3) was declared effective learning device to improve problem solving ability, got tcount = 17,45 (tcount > ttable), gain score 0,61 and (4) was declared effective learning device to improve critical thinking ability, got tcount = 16,75 (tcount > ttable), gain score 0,35. Based on the results of this research concluded that the physics learning device by models of inquiry learning setting have a valid criteria, practical, and effective way to improve the ability of problem solving and critical thinking skills