Total Degree Formula for the Generic Offset to a Parametric Surface

We provide a resultant-based formula for the total degree w.r.t. the spatial variables of the generic offset to a parametric surface. The parametrization of the surface is not assumed to be proper.Comment: Preprint of an article to be published at the International Journal of Algebra and Computation, World Scientific Publishing, DOI:10.1142/S021819671100680

Perancangan Interior Fine Dining Restaurant melalui Pendekatan Healthy Lifestyle

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Reviews of the genera Schaefferia Absolon, 1900, Deuteraphorura Absolon, 1901, Plutomurus Yosii, 1956 and the Anurida Laboulbène, 1865 species group without eyes, with the description of four new species of cave springtails (Collembola) from Krubera-Voronya cave, Arabika Massif, Abkhazia

Krubera-Voronya cave and other deep systems in Arabika Massif are being explored during many speleological expeditions. A recent Ibero-Russian exploration expedition (summer of 2010) took place in this cave with the aim of providing a study of the biocenosis of the deepest known cave in the world. Four new species of Collembola were found at different depths: Schaefferia profundissima n. sp., Anurida stereoodorata n. sp., Deuteraphorura kruberaensis n. sp., and Plutomurus ortobalaganensis n. sp., the last one at -1980 m deep. The identification and description of the new species have required the careful study of all congeneric species, implying a revision of each genus. As a result of this work tables and keys to all significant characters for each species are presented

Gravitational lensing by a regular black hole

In this paper, we study a regular Bardeen black hole as a gravitational lens. We find the strong deflection limit for the deflection angle, from which we obtain the positions and magnifications of the relativistic images. As an example, we apply the results to the particular case of the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures. v2: Improved version, new references adde

Strong Gravitational Lensing by Sgr A*

In recent years, there has been increasing recognition of the potential of the galactic center as a probe of general relativity in the strong field. There is almost certainly a black hole at Sgr A* in the galactic center, and this would allow us the opportunity to probe dynamics near the exterior of the black hole. In the last decade, there has been research into extreme gravitational lensing in the galactic center. Unlike in most applications of gravitational lensing, where the bending angle is of the order of several arc seconds, very large bending angles are possible for light that closely approaches a black hole. Photons may even loop multiple times around a black hole before reaching the observer. There have been many proposals to use light's close approach to the black hole as a probe of the black hole metric. Of particular interest is the property of light lensed by the S stars orbiting in the galactic center. This paper will review some of the attempts made to study extreme lensing as well as extend the analysis of lensing by S stars. In particular, we are interested in the effect of a Reissner-Nordstrom like 1/r^2 term in the metric and how this would affect the properties of relativistic images.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures. Submitted as invited review article for the GR19 issue of CQ

Variaciones supra-anuales de la ictiofauna de lagunas bonaerenses

La bibliografía y la tradición oral sostienen que los ambientes lagunares sufren un deterioro progresivo con escasa información histórica fehaciente. La disponibilidad de datos históricos puntuales no permiten evaluar si las observaciones se refieren a tendencias o a fenómenos cíclicos. La presente contribución pretende aprovechar información de aproximadamente 40 años e investigar su utilidad para este propósito. Se utilizaron muestreos realizados con una red de tiro a costa (normalizada) obtenidos en el período 1986 –87 en la laguna de Lobos, y 1986 – 1993 en la laguna de Monte para calibrar los datos históricos. Para ello se obtuvo la relación longitud estándar – peso para cada una de las especies capturadas. Con esta información se estimó el el peso medio por muestreo para Lobos y se calculó el peso medio anual. Según la descripción bibliográfica de la dieta y la evaluada por los autores para las lagunas Monte y Lobos se clasificaron a las especies capturadas como correspondientes a diferentes tipos habitacionales. Se compararon las representaciones relativas de estas agrupaciones utilizando el peso mensual con aquellas obtenidas a partir del peso medio anual. Comprobada la similitud de ambos procedimientos se aplicó este análisis a diversas lagunas y periodos de los cuales sólo se contaba con los datos de captura en número obtenidos con el mismo arte de pesca. Se concluye que la estructura de la comunidad de peces refleja aspectos de la historia del sistema pero no confirman la existencia de una tendencia general

Three dimensional tracking of exploratory behavior of barnacle cyprids using stereoscopy

Surface exploration is a key step in the colonization of surfaces by sessile marine biofoulers. As many biofouling organisms can delay settlement until a suitable surface is encountered, colonization can comprise surface exploration and intermittent swimming. As such, the process is best followed in three dimensions. Here we present a low-cost transportable stereoscopic system consisting of two consumer camcorders. We apply this novel apparatus to behavioral analysis of barnacle larvae (? 800 lm length) during surface exploration and extract and analyze the three-dimensional patterns of movement. The resolution of the system and the accuracy of position determination are characterized. As a first practical result, three-dimensional swimming trajectories of the cypris larva of the barnacle Semibalanus balanoides are recorded in the vicinity of a glass surface and close to PEG2000-OH and C11NMe3 +Cl- terminated self-assembled monolayers. Although less frequently used in biofouling experiments due to its short reproductive season, the selected model species [Marechal and Hellio (2011), Int Biodeterior Biodegrad, 65(1):92-101] has been used following a number of recent investigations on the settlement behavior on chemically different surfaces [Aldred et al. (2011), ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 3(6):2085-2091]. Experiments were scheduled to match the availability of cyprids off the north east coast of England so that natural material could be used. In order to demonstrate the biological applicability of the system, analysis of parameters such as swimming direction, swimming velocity and swimming angle are performed.DFG/Ro 2524/2-2DFG/Ro 2497/7-2ONR/N00014-08-1-1116ONR/N00014-12-1-0498EC/FP7/2007-2013/23799