Identifikasi Kesulitan Siswa dalam Memahami Konsep Operasi Hitung Pecahan di SMP Negeri 1 Sawang (Integrasi dengan Dasar-dasar Pendidikan Mipa)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan yang dialami siswa dalam memahami konsep operasi hitung pecahan di SMP 1 Sawang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas VII1 SMP Negeri 1 Sawang semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2013/2014. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah nilai tes dan wawancara. Tes essay untuk menganalisis jawaban siswa tentang kesulitan yang dihadapi. Wawancara digunakan untuk mengetahui penyebab kesulitan yang dialami siswa. Analisis data dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus persentase. Siswa yang mengalami kesulitan dilandasi dengan mendapat skor < 65% dari skor maksimum soal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak siswa yang mengalami kesulitan dalam dalam memahami konsep porasi hitung pecahan, yaitu dari 13 orang siswa yang diteliti memilki kesulitan menggunakan konsep 19,61% dan kesulitan menggunakan prinsip 20,85%. Pada umumnya siswa mengalami kesulitan menggunakan prinsip karena kurangnya pemahaman konsep dasar. Kesulitan yang paling banyak dialami oleh siswa adalah menyamakan dua penyebut yang berbeda serta menyelesaikannya, dan menyelesaikan soal dalam bentuk gambar

PriEsT: an interactive decision support tool to estimate priorities from pairwise comparison judgments

Pairwise comparison (PC) is a well-established method to assist decision makers (DMs) in estimating their preferences. This paper considers the rationale, design, and evaluation of an open-source priority estimation tool, PriEsT, which has been developed to offer new features related to the PC method. PriEsT is able to assist DMs in interactively identifying and revising their judgments based on different consistency measures and graphical aids. When inconsistency cannot be improved due to practical limitations, PriEsT offers a wide range of Pareto-optimal solutions based on multiobjective optimization, unlike other tools that offer only a single solution. DMs have the flexibility to select any of these nondominated solutions according to their requirements. The features of PriEsT have been demonstrated and evaluated through its application to a real-world case study: the selection of the most appropriate telecom infrastructure for rural areas. This case study using PriEsT has highlighted the presence of intransitive judgments in the acquired data, and the correction of these judgments has led to a different ranking of the available alternatives

PRACB: A Novel Channel Bonding Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can utilize the unlicensed industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band to communicate the sensed data. The ISM band has been already saturated due to overlaid deployment of WSNs. To solve this problem, WSNs have been powered up by cognitive radio (CR) capability. By using CR technique, WSNs can utilize the spectrum holes opportunistically. Channel bonding (CB) is a technique through which multiple contiguous channels can be combined to form a single wide band channel. By using channel bonding (CB) technique, CR based WSN nodes attempt to find and combine contiguous channels to avail larger bandwidth. In this paper, we show that probability of finding contiguous channels decreases with the increase in number of channels. Moreover, we propose two algorithms of primary radio (PR) activity based channel bonding schemes and compare with sample width algorithm (SWA). The simulation results show that our algorithm significantly avoids PR-CR harmful interference and CB in cognitive radio sensor networks (CRSNs) provides greater bandwidth to CR nodes

Technologies for Oil Extraction: A Review

This paper is designed for people who have little or no technical background or earlier knowledge of oil extraction processing. It provides a vital introduction to both traditional and improved methods for the extraction of vegetable oil from oilseeds. Comparisons are made between different improved technologies aim to show under what circumstances they may be technically appropriate or inappropriate. The improved method include; Mechanical Extraction (oil expeller, motorized screw press) and solvent extraction (chemical extraction). Also problems associated with each method and the needs for more research for the improvement of the methods are analyzed. It has been shown that for any developing country to effectively adopt modern methods in the production of edible vegetable oils, improvement on the existing traditional methods, environmental factors need to be studied. This can be achieved through more research in the recommended area of need .Also oil expression technology in order to create an interest and awareness of the technology, which may help improving the rural development as wealth and self-employment

Tracking pupil mobility over the pre-school and primary school period: evidence from EPPE 3-11

This report describes the ‘tracking’ of the EPPE 3-11 sample and then goes on to examine the possible influence of mobility on EPPE 3-11 children’s cognitive progress and social/behavioural development over both the pre-school and primary school period. In the present research ‘mobility’ is defined as having changed pre-school or school centre at least once. The aims of the research are: • To determine possible means of reducing attrition in a longitudinal sample - tracking • To identify any likely predictors of mobility, that is, whether mobile individuals share any defining characteristics; • To investigate the effects of mobility when predicting children’s cognitive and social/behavioural outcomes, controlling for other background factors; • To investigate the effects of children’s mobility in terms of the academic effectiveness of the schools attended and to which children moved

Influences on children’s attainment and progress in Key Stage 2: cognitive outcomes in Year 6

These reports forms part of a set of two reports that examine key influences on children’s Maths, English and social behavioural outcomes (self-regulation, pro-social behaviour, hyperactivity and anti-social behaviour) in Year 6 and on their progress across Key Stage 2. The sister report describes the results of analyses on children’s social/behavioural outcomes (ref: DCSF-RR049). The report is from the effective pre-school and primary education 3 to 11 project (EPPE 3 to 11) which is longitudinal study using multi-level modelling investigating the effects of home background, pre-school and primary education on pupils’ attainment and social / behavioural development. Around 3,000 children were recruited from 141 pre-school settings in 6 English LEAs at the age of 3+ between 1996 and 1999. The study followed these children through pre-school and into more than 900 primary schools in 100 local authorities

Towards A Testbed for Automotive Cybersecurity

Modern automotive platforms are cyber-physical in nature and increasingly connected. Cybersecurity testing of such platforms is expensive and carries safety concerns, making it challenging to perform tests for vulnerabilities and refine test methodologies. We propose a testbed, built over a Controller Area Network (CAN) simulator, and validate it against a real-world demonstration of a weakness in a test vehicle using aftermarket On Board Diagnostic (OBD) scanners (dongles)

NS-2 based simulation framework for cognitive radio sensor networks

In this paper, we propose a simulation model for cognitive radio sensor networks (CRSNs) which is an attempt to combine the useful properties of wireless sensor networks and cognitive radio networks. The existing simulation models for cognitive radios cannot be extended for this purpose as they do not consider the strict energy constraint in wireless sensor networks. Our proposed model considers the limited energy available for wireless sensor nodes that constrain the spectrum sensing process—an unavoidable operation in cognitive radios. Our model has been thoroughly tested by performing experiments in different scenarios of CRSNs. The results generated by the model have been found accurate which can be considered for realization of CRSNs

Researching Environments for Early Learning (REEL) Study

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