The benefits of strength training on musculoskeletal system health: practical applications for interdisciplinary care

Global health organizations have provided recommendations regarding exercise for the general population. Strength training has been included in several position statements due to its multi-systemic benefits. In this narrative review, we examine the available literature, first explaining how specific mechanical loading is converted into positive cellular responses. Secondly, benefits related to specific musculoskeletal tissues are discussed, with practical applications and training programmes clearly outlined for both common musculoskeletal disorders and primary prevention strategies

Role of Temperature on Sliding Response of Aluminum on Steel of a Hot Extrusion

In the present investigation, a series of sliding and tensile tests were conducted to simulate interactions at the bearing surface. A spherical tipped aluminum pin was slid against a polished steel ring. Results showed that the friction coefficient at all test temperatures of sliding exhibited a near similar pattern of peak followed by a gradual drop and stabilization. The steady state friction coefficient was 0.2 for temperatures up to 423 K, and greater than 1.0 for temperatures above 423 K. The transfer layer evolution was dependent on friction force. The ultimate tensile strength decreased at temperatures higher than 423 K

Design of an aluminium-based vehicle platform for front impact safety

The current paper examines the design of an aluminium-intensive small car platform for desirable front impact safety performance. A space frame-type architecture comprised of extruded aluminium members with welded joints is considered for inherent structural rigidity, and low investment in terms of tooling. A finite element model of the vehicle is employed for crash analysis using the explicit code LS-DYNA. Confidence in analysis is established at the component level by benchmarking finite element models of welded joints against experimental data, and axial crushing of aluminium tubes against published numerical results and theoretical prediction. A numerical design of experiments is conducted for arriving at a frontend design that will yield desirable safety performance during impact against a rigid barrier at 30 mph (FMVSS 208 condition). For comparable new car assessment program performance at a higher speed of 35 mph, a lumped parameter idealization is used to identify the principal design changes that may be necessary. The current approach of component level testing combined with finite element and lumped parameter-based simulations can be regarded as an effective and time-saving procedure in the crash safety design of new vehicles

The national politics of educational advocacy in the context of global governance: international funding and support for civil society engagement in Cambodia

This paper examines the Civil Society Education Fund’s (CSEF) impact on the non-governmental organisation education partnership (NEP) in Cambodia. With financial backing from the World Bank and the Fast Track Initiative, the CSEF is an initiative that is managed internationally by the Global Campaign for Education. Its goal is to help national networks of non-governmental organizations participate in education decision-making and to serve as a watchdog for progress related to internationally agreed upon goals. Through the CSEF, the deployment of various strategies, and other external factors, the NEP was able to able to achieve recognition, legitimacy and influence at the national level. However, the NEP has had to balance working with the state and working for the state. This case study highlights strategies used by civil society actors to engage state actors, the efficacy of international support, and the conflicts inherent in both