Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Bagan Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpidato Oleh Siswa Kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Pancur Batu Tahun Pembelajaran 2013/2014

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan media bagandalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpidato siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 PancurBatu Tahun Pembelajaran 2013/2014 dengan jumlah siswa kelas IX 157 orang.Sampel penelitian sebanyak 62 siswa yang diambil secara acak. Terbagi ke dalam duabagian yaitu 31 siswa yang menggunakan media bagan dan 31 siswa yang tidakmenggunakan media bagan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalahmetode eksperimen, dengan menggunakan media bagan pada kelompok eksperimendan tidak menggunakan media bagan pada kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media bagan cukup efektif dalam meningkatkankemampuan berpidato siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Pancur Batu. Hal ini terlihat dariskor rata-rata kemampuan berpidato siswa yang menggunakan media bagan 70,65dengan kategori baik, sedangkan kemampuan siswa yang tidak menggunakan mediabagan 58,06 dalam kategori kurang. Hal ini berarti terdapat pengaruh penggunaanmedia bagan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpidato siswa. Hasil uji “t” padataraf signifikansi 5%, ternyata perbedaan skor rata-rata di atas adalah signifikan yaitu21,47 > 2,00(0,05). Sehingga hipotesis nihil (Ho) ditolak dan hipotesis alternatife (Ha)diterima

A Study on Residual Compression Behavior of Structural Fiber Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Moderate Temperature Using Digital Image Correlation

Fire ranks high among the potential risks faced by most buildings and structures. A full understanding of temperature effects on fiber reinforced concrete is still lacking. This investigation focuses on the study of the residual compressive strength, stress strain behavior and surface cracking of structural polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete subjected to temperatures up to 300 A degrees C. A total of 48 cubes was cast with different fiber dosages and tested under compression after exposing to different temperatures. Concrete cubes with varying macro (structural) fiber dosages were exposed to different temperatures and tested to observe the stress-strain behavior. Digital image correlation, an advanced non-contacting method was used for measuring the strain. Trends in the relative residual strengths with respect to different fiber dosages indicate an improvement up to 15 % in the ultimate compressive strengths at all exposure temperatures. The stress-strain curves show an improvement in post peak behavior with increasing fiber dosage at all exposure temperatures considered in this study

Nonlinear Finite-Element Analysis of RC Bridge Columns under Torsion with and without Axial Compression

Finite-element (FE) modeling of RC structures under combined loading has received considerable attention in recent years. However, the combination of torsion and axial compression has been rarely studied in spite of its frequent occurrence in bridge columns under earthquake loading. This paper aims at creating a nonlinear FE model to predict the behavior of RC bridge columns under combined torsion and axial compression. A number of circular and square columns were analyzed. The developed FE model was calibrated on local and global behavior through comparison with test data. The overall torque-twist behavior of the members was captured well by the developed FE models. The predicted values of strain in the longitudinal and transverse reinforcement matched closely with the experimental results. An increase in transverse steel ratio was found to increase the torsional capacity and limit the damage of columns under torsion. It was further observed that at a low level of axial compression, the torsional capacity of columns is enhanced. In addition, the FE analysis showed a good agreement on the identification of the damage mechanism and the progression of failure. The shape of the cross section is found to play a major role in the distribution of torsional damage in the columns. Square columns exhibited a more localized damage due to presence of warping, whereas circular columns exhibited damage distributed along their length. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers

Fracture studies on synthetic fiber reinforced cellular concrete using acoustic emission technique

Cellular lightweight concrete (CLC) is increasingly used for low strength non-structural and structural applications. The effects of synthetic fiber reinforcement on the fracture behavior of CLC is investigated. In particular, acoustic emission (AE) technique is employed to study the influence of macro (structural), micro polyolefin synthetic fibers and their combinations on the fracture behavior of CLC beams. Notched fiber reinforced CLC beams were tested to study the crack initiation and propagation characteristics using AE sensors. Different AE parameters are correlated with the crack growth and damage accumulation. An attempt has been made to correlate the crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) with the number of AE hits. The variation of cumulative acoustic energy release of the cracks is studied with respect to applied load and CMOD. Three dimensional source location of cracks is carried out based on the AE events picked by the sensors bonded to the CLC specimens. The analysis of AE results indicates that the crack source location identification from AE is consistent with the actual crack development. Analysis of AE signals reveal that the CLC matrix cracking produces signals with less number of hits that lie in the notched plane in bending. Moreover, the signals from the post peak regime correspond to more number of hits which tend to be scattered around the plane of notch due to the fiber pull out

Penggunaan Metode Kerja Kelompok dalam Pembelajaran IPS untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas II

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPS di kelas II SD Negeri 3 Sungai Kunyit dengan menggunakan metode kerja kelompo. mendeskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan metode kerja kelompok. Memberikan informasi yang akurat mengenai peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan metode kerja kelompok pada pembelajaran IPS di kelas II SD Negeri 3 Sungai Kunyit.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus, dengan tahapan masing-masing siklus yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 3 Sungai Kunyit.Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas II yang berjumlah 28 orang siswa.Data yang diperoleh dari hasil nilai belajar siswa.Perencanaan pembelajaran IPS di kelas II SD Negeri 3 Sungai Kunyit telah dilaksanakan dengan kategori baik. Hal ini dilihat pada lembar IPKG I siklus I dengan rata-rata 2,89 dan IPKG siklus II 3,31. Peningkatan IPKG siklus I dan IPKG siklus II adalah sebesar 0,42 Kata Kunci: metode kerja kelompok dan hasil belajar Abstrac: the purpose of this research is to improve the learning outcomes of students in learning in class II IPS SD Negeri 3 Streams of Saffron by using methods of work kelompo. describe the improvements in students \u27 learning results using the methods of work of the group. Provide accurate information regarding the improvement of student learning outcomes by using the methods of group work on IPS in learning elementary grade II Country 3 Rivers turmeric. The research is the research action class that consists of two cycles, with each cycle of the phases of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. This research is carried out in SD Negeri 3 Streams of Saffron. The subject of research is the grade II which amounted to 28 students. Data obtained from the results of students \u27 learning value. Planning learning IPS in class II SD Negeri 3 River Turmeric have been implemented with categories either. It is seen on the sheets cycle I I with IPKG average 2,89 and IPKG cycle II 3.31. An Increase InIPKG cycle I and cycle II is IPKG amounted to 0.4

Optimization Based Improved Softened Membrane Model for Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Members under Combined Shear and Torsion

Reinforced concrete (RC) elements are often subjected to combined actions including torsion under seismic events. Understanding the behavior of RC members under combined actions including torsion is essential for safe design. Behavioral predictions of RC columns under combined loading can be improved by including the bi-directional stress effects. The objective of this work is to propose improved combined actions softened membrane model (CA-SMM) for predicting the behavior of RC elements under combined torsion (T) and shear loading (V). In this approach, the rectangular cross-section is modeled as an assembly of four cracked shear panels. The applied external loads are distributed among these four shear panels. This assumption helps in reducing the complex stress state from combined loading to four different simple stress states on these panels. Additional equilibrium and compatibility conditions are imposed, and the system of non-linear equations are solved by using an optimization technique called gradient descent method. The developed improved model (CA-SMM) is validated with the experimental data available in the literature. After that, an interaction between the shear and torsion is developed to understand the behavior under various combinations of torsion and shear. A parametric study is carried out for understanding the effect of various sectional parameters such as longitudinal reinforcement ratio, transverse reinforcement ratio, and concrete strength. The predictions of the improved model had a close correlation with the test results

Pengaruh Pembelajaran Praktikum Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dan Hasil Belajar Kimia Siswa

: The objective of this research is to know the effect of guided inquiry lab-work to improve students critical thinking skill and chemistry learning outcomes of XI-science class of SMAN 8 Mataram at 2014/2015 academic year. This research is a quasi-experiment with non-equivalent control group design. The research population is students of XI science class SMAN 8 Mataram and the sample was taken by purposive sampling technique. The class was determined by homogeneity test and discussions result with chemistry teacher of XI-science class of SMAN 8 Mataram. The XI-science 1 class was determined as an experimental class which was given an inquiry lab-work and XI-science 2 class as a control class which was given a conventional method (speech and discussion). Based on data analysis it is concluded that the average posttest result for experiment class were 81,14 with 79,31% of classical completeness and 64 with 25% for the control class. The research data were analyzed using Anacova test which was obtained Fcount = 34.97, while the Ftable at significant level of 5% with db = 1 : 55 is 4.02 so that Fcount > Ftable It can be concluded that the implementation of guided inquiry lab-work is able to improve student's critical thinking skill and learning outcomes

SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCED PRECAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAMS

Precast industries constantly look for better alternative solutions to reduce the secondary reinforcement to speed up the production process. Addition of fibers in concrete helps in reducing the use of secondary reinforcement. Presence of fiber reinforcement has proven to enhance the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the concrete under flexure and shear. Shear behavior of concrete members mainly depends on the compressive strength of concrete, shear span to depth ratio (a/d), amount of stirrups, aggregate interlock and dowel action of longitudinal reinforcement. The present study focuses on the shear behavior of steel fiber reinforced PSC beams with different volume fractions i.e., 0.50% and 1.00%. Fiber reinforced prestressed concrete (FRPC) beams were cast using long line method and tested with a shear span to depth ratio of 2.4 to simulate shear dominant behavior. Strain gauges were attached to the strands at loading point and at the center of shear span (a/2) to measure strain variation at different stages such as prestressing, de-tensioning and testing. During experimentation, load-deflection and strand strain was recorded. Test results indicate that the addition of steel fibers improved the shear resistance and ductility of the prestressed concrete beams

Seroprevalence and risk factors for influenza a viruses in pigs in Peninsular Malaysia

Following a series of H5N1 cases in chickens and birds in a few states in Malaysia, there was much interest in the influenza A viruses subtypes that circulate among the local pig populations. Pigs may act as a mixing vessel for avian and mammal influenza viruses, resulting in new reassorted viruses. This study investigated the presence of antibodies against influenza H1N1 and H3N2 viruses in pigs from Peninsular Malaysia using Herdcheck Swine Influenza H1N1 and H3N2 Antibody Test Kits. At the same time, the presence of influenza virus was examined from the nasal swabs of seropositive pigs by virus isolation and real time RT-PCR. The list of pig farms was obtained from the headquarters of the Department of Veterinary Services, Malaysia, and pig herds were selected randomly from six of 11 states in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 727 serum and nasal swab samples were collected from 4- to 6-month-old pigs between May and August 2005. By ELISA, the seroprevalences of swine influenza H1N1 and H3N2 among pigs were 12.2% and 12.1% respectively. Seropositivity for either of the virus subtypes was detected in less than half of the 41 sampled farms (41.4%). Combination of both subtypes was detected in 4% of all pigs and in 22% of sampled farms. However, no virus or viral nucleic acid was detected from nasal samples. This study identified that the seropositivity of pigs to H1N1 and H3N2 based on ELISA was significantly associated with factors such as size of farm, importation or purchase of pigs, proximity of farm to other pig farms and the presence of mammalian pets within the farm