Induced mutagenesis in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L.) with special reference to the frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations

A relative study of frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations induced by mutagens in M2 generation was made with chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L). Variety ‘CO-4’. The treatments include different doses/concentrations of Gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mM). From the study, the overall frequencies and spectrum of five types of induced chlorophyll mutants Viridis (0.55), Xantha (0.46), Chlorina (0.45), Albina (0.43) and Tigrina (0.35) were observed. The frequency of chlorophyll mutation was increased with increasing concentrations up to a level, beyond it declined in both the mutagens. And the chlorophyll frequency was found in the order of viridis > xantha >chlorina> Albina >tigrina. The chemical mutagen, EMS was found to be more effective in inducing chlorophyll mutations than gamma rays in Chick pea

Induced mutagenesis in Cicer arietinum by the application of EMS and Gamma rays with special reference to the cytological studies

The present study was conducted to analyze the chemical and physical mutagenesis on Cicer arietinum with special reference to cytological studies. In this regard, CO – 4 variety of chick pea was subjected to different concentration of gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and EMS (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50mM) for inducing mutation. The M1 plants exposed to mutagen produces a clear cut difference from the untreated control. The root mitotic studies reveal a wide range of chromosomal aberrations such as stickiness, laggards, bridges and some other precocious movement. The percentage of abnormal cell increased with dosage in both mutagens; and 50mM EMS showed more chromosomal aberrations when compared to gamma rays

Gloriosa superba L: A critical Review of Recent Advances

Gloriosa superba is a flowering plant belongs to Colchicaceae. It refers to full of glory', and the superba refers ‘superb’ referring to the outstanding red and yellow flowers. G. superba is a highly toxic plant, due to the presence of an alkaloid, ‘Colchicine’. Adequate ingestion of this alkaloid could cause fatalities to humans and animals. Despite its toxicity, G. superba considered as a medicinal plant because of its medicinal constituents and properties such as colchicine, gloriosine, pungent, bitter, acrid, heating, anthelmintic, laxative, alexiteric, and abortifacient. G. superba utilized for the treatment of snakebite, scorpion stings, parasitic skin disease, urological pains, colic, chronic ulcers, piles, gonorrhoea, gout, infertility, wounds, arthritis, cholera, kidney problems, itching, leprosy, cancer, sexually transmitted disease, and countless other diseases. This plant listed under the threatened category due to its indiscreet reaping from the wild as medicinal industries widely use it for its colchicine content. Field study and secondary sources were used to abridge the information on the recent advancement study of G. superba. In the present review, the information regarding the occurrence, botanical description, propagation, medicinal application pharmacological, ethnomedicinal, biological, and toxicological studies of G. superba and its recent advancement has been summarized. The detailed study of G. superba with current trends helps the researcher to focus on the future development needed for its conservation

Perturbation and numerical study of double-diffusive dissipative reactive convective flow in an open vertical duct containing a non-darcy porous medium with robin boundary conditions

A mathematical model for thermosolutal convection flow in an open two-dimensional vertical channel containing a porous medium saturated with reactive Newtonian fluid is developed and studied. Robin boundary conditions are prescribed, and a first-order homogenous chemical reaction is considered. The Darcy–Forchheimer model is used to simulate both the first- and second-order porous mediums’ drag effects. For the general non-Darcy-case, a numerical solution is presented using the Runge–Kutta quadrature and a shooting method. The influences of thermal (0≤λ1≤15) and solute Grashof numbers (0≤λ2≤20) , Biot numbers (1≤Bi1≤10,Bi2=10) , Brinkman number (0≤Br≤0.5) , first-order chemical reaction parameter (2≤α≤8) , porous medium parameter (2≤σ≤8) and Forchheimer (inertial drag) parameter (0≤I≤12) on the evolutions of velocity, temperature and concentration (species) distributions are visualized graphically. Nusselt number and skin friction at the walls are also computed for specific values of selected parameters. The study is relevant to the analysis of geothermal energy systems with chemical reaction

Effect of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on yield and yield attributes of Cicer arietinum in M1 generation

A study was conducted to compare the effect of mutagens on yield and yield attributes of chickpea in M1 generation. In this regard, ‘CO-4’ variety of chickpea was subjected to different concentrations of gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and EMS (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50mM) for inducing mutation. The effect of gamma rays and EMS with different doses/concentrations on yield and yield attributes were observed in M1 generation. From the result, it was observed that the mean value of all the quantitative traits of M1 generation showed a reduction upon enhancing the doses of mutagen. Mean performance in terms of these traits showed good qualities in comparison with the treated plant. The lethal doses were found in 40kR of gamma rays and 30mM of EMS and were carefully analyzed for further generations

Induced mutagenesis in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L.) with special reference to the frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations

A relative study of frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations induced by mutagens in M2 generation was made with chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L). Variety ‘CO-4’. The treatments include different doses/concentrations of Gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mM). From the study, the overall frequencies and spectrum of five types of induced chlorophyll mutants Viridis (0.55), Xantha (0.46), Chlorina (0.45), Albina (0.43) and Tigrina (0.35) were observed. The frequency of chlorophyll mutation was increased with increasing concentrations up to a level, beyond it declined in both the mutagens. And the chlorophyll frequency was found in the order of viridis > xantha >chlorina> Albina >tigrina. The chemical mutagen, EMS was found to be more effective in inducing chlorophyll mutations than gamma rays in Chick pea

Physical and Chemical Induced Mutagenesis Study for Identifying Lethality Dose in Chick Pea (<i>Cicer</i> a<i>rietinum</i> L.) Var. Co - 4

The present study was conducted in order to determine the effect of gamma rays and EMS on seed germination, Seedling height and root length in chick pea to identify the lethal dose (LD50). In this regard, the healthy seeds of chick pea was subjected to different doses/concentrations of gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and EMS (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50mM) for inducing mutation. The effect of gamma rays and EMS was determined by measuring the seed germination, seedling height and root length under the conditions of the M1 generation. The results shows that, the seed germination, seedling height and root length were significantly decreased with increasing doses/concentrations. The LD50 values were observed based on the growth reduction of seedlings after treatments with mutagen. The effective doses/concentrations which caused 50% growth reduction were observed in 40kR in gamma rays and 30mM in EMS.</jats:p