Uluslararası İşletmelerde Üretim Stratejileri

Uluslararası işletmeler birden fazla ülkede çeşitli sektörlerde faaliyet gösterirler. Uluslararası işletmelerin ülke dışında üretim yapmalarının bir çok nedeni vardır. Firmalar uluslararası alanlarda başarılı olmak için çeşitli üretim stratejisi uygularlar. Yabancı ülkelerde başarılı olmak isteyen işletmeler gidecekleri ülkeleri çok iyi analiz etmeli ve buna göre yatırım ve üretim stratejilerini seçip uygulamalıdırlar

Sense of coherence and quality of life in older in-hospital patients without cognitive impairment- a 12 month follow-up study

BACKGROUND: The relation between sense of coherence (SOC) and quality of life (QoL) among older persons has been found in some, but not all, studies and mostly in studies with cross-sectional design. We wanted to study if SOC was associated with domains of QoL at hospitalization and one year later among persons 65 years and above without cognitive impairment. METHOD: At hospitalization (T1) and 12 month follow-up (T2) QoL and cognitive status were assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF and the Mini-Mental State Examination. At baseline, the 13-item version of the SOC scale was used to assess coping, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms. Level of functioning was rated using Lawton and Brody’s scales for physical self-maintenance and instrumental activities of daily living (personal and instrumental ADL). RESULTS: In total, 165 (80 men) persons with a mean age of 77.7 (SD 6.9) years were included. The proportion of people rating their overall QoL as high had decreased from T1 to T2. The mean score on QoL- physical domain had increased, while the mean score of QoL-environmental domain had decreased. In adjusted regression analyses at T1, a high level of SOC was positively associated with QoL in three of four domains, i.e. physical, psychological and environmental, but level of SOC assessed at T1 was not associated with any domain of QoL at T2. Personal ADL was associated with some domains of QOL at T1 and T2. CONCLUSION: The SOC level was associated with older adult’s QoL during hospitalization but not their QoL one year after the hospital stay

Health-related quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease

PubMed ID: 18090192BACKGROUND AND RESEARCH OBJECTIVES: In recent years, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been increasingly used as an indicator of health outcome. The aims of the study were to compare the HRQoL of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to patients without CAD and also to determine the HRQoL of patients with CAD and the factors affecting their quality of life. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients with CAD who attend the outpatients' clinic in the Cardiology Department at Trakya University's Medicine Faculty Hospital agreed to be interviewed. One hundred patients with CAD and 100 people serving as patients without CAD were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients with CAD and patients without CAD were matched by age, sex, marital status, and income. Health-related quality of life was measured with the generic HRQoL instrument. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: CAD patients' HRQoL scores differed significantly from patients without CAD. Compared to patients without CAD, the HRQoL of patients with CAD was lower in the dimensions of mobility (P < .001), hearing (P = .022), breathing (P < .001), elimination (P = .035), usual activities (P < .001), mental function (P = .004), discomfort and symptoms (P = .018), vitality (P = .006), sexual activity (P < .001), and total score (P < .001). Patients with CAD had lower HRQoL scores than patients without CAD. In patients with CAD, age and sex independently affected the HRQoL. Older patients and women had worse HRQoL. Coronary artery disease negatively affects HRQoL. It is thought that interventions to increase patients' quality of life may improve their HRQoL. © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc

Liver disorders

Liver disease, including conditions such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, can result from damage or inflammation of liver cells and may be manifested by symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, ascites, and jaundice. The development of cirrhosis can lead to life-threatening complications. The treatment approach for liver disease depends on the underlying cause and includes a combination of lifestyle changes and medications, with nurses playing an active role in the management process. © 2023 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved

Pain experiences of patients with advanced cancer: A qualitative descriptive study

PMID = 2955117

Liver disorders

Liver disease, including conditions such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, can result from damage or inflammation of liver cells and may be manifested by symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, ascites, and jaundice. The development of cirrhosis can lead to life-threatening complications. The treatment approach for liver disease depends on the underlying cause and includes a combination of lifestyle changes and medications, with nurses playing an active role in the management process. © 2023 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved