C# Application to Deal with Neutrosophic g(alpha)-Closed Sets In Neutrosophic Topology

In this paper, we have developed a C# Application for finding the values of the complement, union, intersection and the inclusion of any two neutrosophic sets in the neutrosophic field by using .NET Framework, Microsoft Visual Studio and C# Programming Language. In addition to this, the system can find neutrosophic topology, neutrosophic alpha-closed sets and neutrosophic g(alpha)-closed sets in each resultant screens. Also, this computer-based application produces the complement values of each neutrosophic closed sets

Application of nanotechnology in antimicrobial finishing of biomedical textiles

In recent years, the antimicrobial nanofinishing of biomedical textiles has become a very active, high-growth research field, assuming great importance among all available material surface modifications in the textile industry. This review offers the opportunity to update and critically discuss the latest advances and applications in this field. The survey suggests an emerging new paradigm in the production and distribution of nanoparticles for biomedical textile applications based on non-toxic renewable biopolymers such as chitosan, alginate and starch. Moreover, a relationship among metal and metal oxide nanoparticle (NP) size, its concentration on the fabric, and the antimicrobial activity exists, allowing the optimization of antimicrobial functionality.Andrea Zille (C2011-UMINHO-2C2T-01) acknowledges funding from Programa Compromisso para a Ciencia 2008, Portugal

Investigation of Interfacial Charge Transfer in Solution Processed Cs2SnI6 Thin Films

Cesium tin halide based perovskite Cs2SnI6 has been subjected to in-depth investigations owing to its potentiality toward the realization of environment benign Pb free and stable solar cells. In spite of the fact that Cs2SnI6 has been successfully utilized as an efficient hole transport material owing to its p-type semiconducting nature, however, the nature of the majority carrier is still under debate. Therefore, intrinsic properties of Cs2SnI6 have been investigated in detail to explore its potentiality as light absorber along with facile electron and hole transport. A high absorption coefficient (5 × 104 cm–1) at 700 nm indicates the penetration depth of 700 nm light to be 0.2 μm, which is comparable to conventional Pb based solar cells. Preparation of pure and CsI impurity free dense thin films with controllable thicknesses of Cs2SnI6 by the solution processable method has been reported to be difficult owing to its poor solubility. An amicable solution to circumvent such problems of Cs2SnI6 has been provided utilizing spray-coating in combination with spin-coating. The presence of two emission peaks at 710 and 885 nm in the prepared Cs2SnI6 thin films indicated coexistence of quantum dot and bulk parts which were further supported by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations. Time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) and transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) were employed to investigate the excitation carrier lifetime, which revealed fast decay kinetics in the picoseconds (ps) to nanoseconds (ns) time domains. Time-resolved microwave photoconductivity decay (MPCD) measurement provided the mobile charge carrier lifetime exceeding 300 ns, which was also in agreement with the nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (ns-TAS) indicating slow charge decay lasting up to 20 μs. TA assisted interfacial charge transfer investigations utilizing Cs2SnI6 in combination with n-type PCBM and p-type P3HT exhibited both intrinsic electron and hole transport

Bacterial colonization of stethoscope used in the tertiary care teaching hospital: a potential source of nosocomial infection

Background: Hospital acquired infections (HAI) are a major problem in each hospital. HAI remains a significant hazard for hospitalized patients and health care workers are potential sources of these infections. Health care workers can transmit pathogens through their hands and contaminated medical devices such as stethoscopes, Blood pressure cuff etc. Hence we intended to determine the level of bacterial contamination of stethoscopes using in present hospital.Methods: Total of 50 stethoscopes were sampled before and after cleaning with 70% isopropyl alcohol by using sterile swab soaked in sterile saline. Samples were processed as per standard microbiological procedures.Results: Out of 50 stethoscopes, 30 (60%) stethoscopes were showing significant bacterial colonization, 7 (14%) showed insignificant colonization, and in 13 (26%) stethoscopes no growth was observed. The bacteria isolated were Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aurues (MRSA) (14%), Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (12%), Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CNS) (14%), Klebsiella species (20%).Conclusions: Our study concluded that stethoscopes used by health care workers were colonized by both pathogens and non-pathogenic microorganisms. Strict protocol of cleaning the stethoscopes in between the patients will eliminate the colonization and there by spread of infections

Role of long-range coupling on the properties of single polarons in models with dual electron-phonon couplings

We use the Variational Exact Diagonalization to investigate the single polaron properties for four different dual models, combining a short-range off-diagonal (Peierls) plus a longer-range diagonal (Holstein or breathing-mode) coupling. This allows us to investigate the sensitivity of various polaron properties both to the range of the diagonal coupling and to the specific diagonal coupling chosen. We find strong sensitivity to the range for all duals models as the adiabatic limit is approached, however considerable sensitivity is observed for some quantities even for large phonon frequencies. Also, the strong dependence of the results on the specific form of the diagonal coupling is observed everywhere in the parameter space. Taken together, these results suggest that careful consideration must be given to the specific coupling and its proper range when quantitative comparisons with experiments are sought.Comment: 9 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Physical Review

Role of artificial intelligence in drug development

In the last decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionised the field of drug research. Staff abilities (55 percent), data structure (52 percent), and resources were all factors in AI deployment (49 percent ). Nearly 60% of respondents said they expected to hire more people in the next two years to assist AI usage or adoption in drug development. AI in areas like as drug research and development, drug repurposing, boosting pharmaceutical productivity, and clinical trials, among others, minimises human effort and allows for the achievement of objectives in a short amount of time. On the one hand, AI techniques used in drug development bring the drug development process and the use of various models closer to medicinal chemists, while on the other hand, AI methods used in drug development bring the drug development process and the use of various models closer to mathematicians

EXTRACTION OF BUILT-UP AREA USING HIGH RESOLUTION SENTINEL-2A AND GOOGLE SATELLITE IMAGERY

Accurate information about the built-up area in a city or town is essential for urban planners for proper planning of urban infrastructure facilities and other basic amenities. The normalized difference indices available in literature for built-up area extraction are mostly based on moderate resolution images such as Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and enhanced TM (ETM+) and may not be applicable for high resolution images such as Sentinel-2A. In the present study, an attempt has been made to extract the built-up area from Sentinel-2A satellite data of Chennai, India using normalized difference index (NDI) with different band combinations. It was found that the built-up area was clearly distinguishable when the index value ranges between −0.29 and −0.09 in blue and near-infrared (NIR) band combination. Post extraction editing using Google satellite imagery was also attempted to improve the extraction results. The results showed an overall accuracy of 90% and Kappa value of 0.785. Same approach when applied for another area also yields good results with overall accuracy of 92% and Kappa value of 0.83. As the proposed approach is simple to understand, yields accurate results and requires only open source data, the same can be used for extracting the built-up area using Sentinel-2A and Google satellite imagery

Reproductive health and lifestyle factors associated with health-related quality of life among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents in Uganda

Background With increased survival of perinatally HIV - infected adolescents due to antiretroviral therapy (ART), the focus of HIV care has shifted to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as a measure of disease progression, effects of ART co-morbidity and prognosis. We assessed factors associated with better HRQoL in perinatally HIV -infected adolescents in Uganda by determining the associations between sexual and reproductive health (SRH) or lifestyle experiences on HRQoL. Methods In a cross-sectional study, data on SRH, lifestyle experiences, socio demographic factors, communication with parents on sexuality and satisfaction of SRH services in ART clinics were collected from 614 HIV perinatally infected adolescents aged 10–19 using an interviewer-administered survey questionnaire. HRQoL data were collected using the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey instrument (MOS-HIV). Factors associated with better HRQoL were analysed using multiple logistic regression. Results The mean age was 16.2 ± 2.1 years, 362 (58.8 %) were females and 210 (34.2 %) were sexually active. Adolescents on ART were twice likely to present with better physical health (AOR = 2.07, 95 % CI: 1.24–3.46) and four times more likely to present with better mental health (AOR = 3.9, 95 % CI: 2.22–6.92) than those who were not on ART. There were no statistically significant associations between SRH (ever had sex, ever been pregnant, condom use, contraceptive use) or life style factors and physical health or mental health. Those with secondary or tertiary education were more likely to present with a better mental health (AOR = 5.3, 95 % CI: 1.86–15.41) compared those who had attained primary or no education. Participants who desired to have a child in future more likely (AOR 1.7, 95 % CI: 1.05–3.00) to present with a better mental health. Lack of communication with guardians on sexuality (AOR = 0.6, 95 % CI: 0.40–0.89), or dissatisfaction with SRH services (AOR 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.18–0.62) were associated with poorer mental health. Conclusion Among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents in Uganda, being on ART was associated with better physical and mental health while lack of communication with guardians on sexuality or dissatisfaction with SRH services was associated with poor mental health. Adolescents with pregnancy intentions were more likely to have a better mental health

Formulation and evaluation of herbal face cream with green tea extract

Face cream is a semi-solid preparation for improving skin colour. The purposes of the present research work was to formulate and evaluate herbal face cream with green tea extract, turmeric, aloe vera gel as a skin toner. Herbal creams offer several advantages over synthetic creams. The majority of existing creams which has prepared from drugs of synthetic origin and gives extras fairness to face, but it has several side effects such as itching or several allergic reactions. Herbal creams do not have any of these side effects, without side effects it gives the nourishment to skin. Method carried out to prepare herbal cream was vanishing cream formulation. Firstly, oil phase was prepared, Secondly aqueous phase was prepared. Then aqueous phase was added into the oil phase at 700 c with continuous stirring. Now, once the transfer was completed it was allowed to come at room temperature all the while being stirred. Perfume was added at last just before the finished product was transferred to suitable container. The above prepared herbal cream was evaluated with parameters such as pH, homogeneity by visual and by touch, appearance (colour), rub out (spread ability, wetness), washability, consistency and emolliency. The study suggests that the composition of extract and the base of the cream F1 are more stable and safe

Techno-economic, energy, and exergy analyses of invasive weed gasification for hydrogen enriched producer gas production

This research work deals with the examination of the techno-economic, exergy, and energy analyses of biomass gasification of the invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus (PHP) using Steam - Carbon dioxide (CO2) as a gasifying agent with the support of simulation modeling for sustainable energy conversion process. The aim of this work is to simulate the gasification process through consideration of the impacts of various operating factors on gasification. This study attains the gradual increase in hydrogen (H2) concentration from 51% to 63% along with the rise in carbon monoxide (CO) from 14.5% to 19% using Aspen Plus simulation. CO2 falls concurrently from 24% to 13.5%. The findings demonstrate significant advancements over earlier studies in terms of both gas composition and overall system performance. A computational model has been developed for the estimation of energy performance indicators such as total energy input, and energy consumed per mass of biomass gasified, which are used in the determination of the system's energy efficiency. The exergy analysis of the system is performed to assess the system's total losses in terms of efficiency gathered from the system's exergy ratios. The economic analysis evaluates the system's economies of scale by gas production at ₹.15/kg and long-term sustainability. The proposed system has been found with the potential to produce a high yield of alternative energy from PHP with increased economic efficiency and lower environmental impact