Plasma Fibrinogen Level’s: A Comparative Study Between Newly Diagnosed Diabetics and Healthy Individuals

The study examines the plasma fibrinogen levels in patients with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) compared to healthy individuals at Aarupadai Veedu Medical College in Puducherry. Plasma fibrinogen, an essential protein involved in the process of blood clotting, also functions as a biomarker for cardiovascular and inflammatory illnesses. Employing a comparative cross-sectional approach, we assessed the levels of fibrinogen in a group of 57 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a group of 57 healthy individuals who were in non-diabetic. The findings indicate a substantial increase in fibrinogen levels among individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at 384.66 mg/dL, in contrast to the control group at 287.24 mg/dL, with a p-value of less than 0.0001. The age distribution discrepancies were found to be statistically significant (p=0.007), indicating that age may be a confounding factor. The gender distribution was balanced, suggesting the absence of any gender-related prejudice. The results of our study emphasise the increased levels of fibrinogen in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and emphasise the necessity for additional investigation into its clinical significance and potential as a target for therapy

Prognostic Value of Red Cell Distribution Width in Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background: Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a haematological parameter that indicates the range of sizes of red blood cells. It is now widely acknowledged as a prognostic indicator for ischaemic stroke. Aim and Objective: To Study theprognostic value of red cell distribution width (RDW) in outcome of acute ischemic stroke. Materials and Method: The cross-sectional study was undertaken at Aarupadi Veedu Medical College in Puducherry. It included 61 patients, aged 18-80 years, who were diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke within 48 hours. Clinical assessment of patient by NIHSS Score and measuring the outcome by modified Rankin scale. The study took place in both the Outpatient and Inpatient in Department of General Medicine. Results: The study indicates a notable proportion of male more than female ,older participants (64.0% aged 56 years and above), There is a significant occurrence of hypertension (62.3%) and diabetes mellitus (63.9%) a substantial frequency of individuals who do not smoke (63.9%), and a majority of participants who do not use alcohol (77.0%). Levels of RDW exhibited significant positive relationships with stroke severity. Conclusion: The study highlights the potential of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) as a helpful predictive indicator in outcome of ischemic stroke. Increased RDW levels were observed to have a substantial correlate with more severe stroke and disability, as indicated by strong associations with NIHSS and mRS scores. The study emphasizes the usefulness of RDW in assessing the severity of ischaemic stroke and emphasizes the need for additional research to improve its clinical use

Correlation of HbA1c with urinary ACR, serum creatinine and eGFR in type-2 diabetes mellitus at Puducherry, South India

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major emerging clinical health problem in this world. Anemia is a common problem in diabetes. Type 2 DM comprises about 90% of diabetic population of any country.Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out among 125 type 2 diabetic mellitus patients’ area at Department of Medicine Aarupadai Veedu Medical college (AVMC) and hospital, Puducherry during the period from May 2018 to October 2018.The objectives of the study were to evaluate the association of HbA1c with urinary ACR, eGFR and serum creatinine in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20.0 software.Results: The randomly selected study group comprised 100 type 2 DM patients and 25 control peoples of 35-70 years of age. Type 2 DM patients were evaluated of HbA1c, normotensives or hypertensives. FBS, serum creatinine, urinary albumin and creatinine were estimated. Urinary ACR and eGFR and were calculated. The data result was expressed as mean and standard deviation. A probability value is less than 0.05 and it was considered statistically significant.Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, HbA1c and duration of diabetes were the strongest predictors of micro albuminuria and age was the strongest predictors of a low eGFR. The diabetes was poorly controlled, making the progression to end stage renal failure in concern patients. They measure the prevention of urinary albumin excretion, development of renal abrasion, smoking termination, strict glycaemic control and initiating lipid lowering therapy

Rosuvastatin plus fenofibrate in diabetic dyslipidemia: a hospital record based study

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death throughout world population each and every year. Focus on dyslipidemia management is urgently required in India to halt the rising tide of CVD. The purpose of diabetic dyslipidemia study is a record based one, to find out the effect of Rosuvastatin plus Fenofibrate, in adult Type 2 diabetes with dyslipidemia, with high TGL/HDL ratio in Lipid profiles, in a tertiary care hospital in the Union territory of Puducherry.Methods: There were 101 patients hospital records were analysed in which male were 45 and females were 56. The various biochemical parameters like serum Total Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, TGL, Non-HDL, TCL/HDL Ratio and TGL/HDL ratio reports were collected before and after 12-weeks of Rosuvastatin 10 mg with Fenofibrate 145 mg combination, for the treatment period once daily for their lipid-lowering therapy.Results: The combination therapies of Rosuvastatin plus Fenofibrate were safe and feasible to achieve more TG goal and proved that has predominately decreased the elevated lipid profiles from the medical resources of our record based study. The use of combination medications of rosuvastatin (10mg) plus Fenofibrate (145mg) is often needed to effectively treat the lipid triad, by the potency of rosuvastatin to lower LDL-C and Fenofibrates effectiveness in lowering TG in treating mixed diabetic dyslipidemia.Conclusions: After Rosuvastatin (10mg) plus Fenofibrate (145mg), the lipid profile data proved that the importance of TGL/HDL ratio apart from the TCL/HDL ratio, for good lipid control in diabetic dyslipidemic patients

Primary bronchial carcinoid: A rare differential diagnosis of pulmonary koch in young adult patient

Bronchial carcinoids are uncommon, slow growing, low-grade malignant neoplasms comprising 1-2% of all primary lung cancers. They are thought to arise from neuroendocrine/Kulchitsky's cells of bronchial epithelium. Histological features range from low-grade typical to more aggressive atypical carcinoids. Clinically they may be asymptomatic, present with nonresolving recurrent pneumonitis, hemoptysis, or with paraneoplastic syndromes. Central bronchial carcinoids are more common than the peripheral type and are seen as endobronchial nodule or hilar/perihilar mass closely related to the adjacent bronchus. Chest X-ray may not show the central lesion due to its smaller size as is in our case. Contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CECT) remains a highly sensitive examination which shows an intensely enhancing small rounded endobronchial nodule. We present a case of recurrent pneumonitis and hemoptysis in a young patient who showed features of typical central bronchial carcinoid in CECT and later confirmed with histopathological examination (HPE)

Comparative study of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in hemodialysis and non-dialysis CKD patients and their prognostic value

Background: Hypertension and chronic kidney disease are inextricably intertwined. Most patients with hypertension associated CKD die of heart attack and stroke before renal function. Ambulatory BP monitoring provides automated measurements of BP during a 24hrs period while patients engaged in their usual activities including sleep. Recommended normal value include an average daytime BP &lt;135/85mmHg/night time BP &lt;120/70mmHg and 24 hr BP &lt;130/89mmHg. In patients with chronic kidney disease the control of hypertension slows the progression of end stage renal disease. This study was undertaken to define the prognostic role of ABPM in dialysis dependent and non-dialysis CKD patients so that better treatment strategies could be initiated to prevent adverse outcomes.Methods: This prospective cross sectional study was conducted at Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and hospital, Puducherry in both dialysis dependent and non-dialysis CKD patients admitted in both ICU and medical wards. APBM was performed by using the properly validated ambulatory blood pressure monitor. The monitor records BP on the non-dominant arm every 20 minutes while awake and hourly while sleep for a total duration 24hrs in both hemodialysis dependent and non-hemodialysis patients. In  hemodialysis dependent patients ABPM was recorded on the second day of hemodialysis.Results: The mean maximum systolic blood pressure in dialysis dependent and non-dialysis CKD patients recorded was 146.23 and 166.12 mmHg respectively. The mean minimum systolic blood pressure in dialysis dependent and non-dialysis CKD patients recorded was 122.11 and 122.45 mmHg respectively. The mean maximum diastolic blood pressure in dialysis dependent and non-dialysis CKD patients recorded was 100.24 and 110.65mmHg respectively. The mean minimum diastolic blood pressure in dialysis dependent and non-dialysis CKD patients recorded was 78.65 and 80.67 mmHg respectively. In our study the prevalence of non-dipping in dialysis and non-dialysis CKD patients were 28% and 16% respectively.Conclusions: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of hypertension. Tight BP control is needed to limit the progression of renal disease and lessen cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. To achieve this goal ABPM should be widely adopted in patients with CKD.</jats:p

Correlation of HbA1c with urinary ACR, serum creatinine and eGFR in type-2 diabetes mellitus at Puducherry, South India

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major emerging clinical health problem in this world. Anemia is a common problem in diabetes. Type 2 DM comprises about 90% of diabetic population of any country.Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out among 125 type 2 diabetic mellitus patients’ area at Department of Medicine Aarupadai Veedu Medical college (AVMC) and hospital, Puducherry during the period from May 2018 to October 2018.The objectives of the study were to evaluate the association of HbA1c with urinary ACR, eGFR and serum creatinine in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20.0 software.Results: The randomly selected study group comprised 100 type 2 DM patients and 25 control peoples of 35-70 years of age. Type 2 DM patients were evaluated of HbA1c, normotensives or hypertensives. FBS, serum creatinine, urinary albumin and creatinine were estimated. Urinary ACR and eGFR and were calculated. The data result was expressed as mean and standard deviation. A probability value is less than 0.05 and it was considered statistically significant.Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, HbA1c and duration of diabetes were the strongest predictors of micro albuminuria and age was the strongest predictors of a low eGFR. The diabetes was poorly controlled, making the progression to end stage renal failure in concern patients. They measure the prevention of urinary albumin excretion, development of renal abrasion, smoking termination, strict glycaemic control and initiating lipid lowering therapy.</jats:p