Internet of Things in the implementation of a Smart City

Abstract A smart city is an infrastructure to develop, deploy, and promote sustainable development to address the challenges of rapid urbanization. The implementation of a Smart City across the world is due to various applications of Internet of Things. To monitor and manage the devices, IoT have the ability with actionable information from streams of real-time data. A smart city should include innovative features to improve the quality of life of a citizen with high degree of accuracy and integration of various technologies. The things which sense, measure, interpret, connect and analyze are the instruments that reside on the IoT System which enhances the infrastructure of a Smart City. In this review paper, we discuss the need of IoT towards the improved infrastructure in the implementation of a Smart City.</jats:p

Flow Boiling Heat Characteristics of n-pentane in a Mini-channel

AbstractThe experimental study on the flow boiling heat transfer of n-pentane conducted in a mini channel of 1.6mm inner diameter is presented in this paper. The heat transfer coefficient is measured for mass flux in the range from 250 to 750kg m-2 s-1 in steps of 250kg m-2s-1 and the heat flux is varied using an electrical heater arrangement from 1.6 to 3.2W cm-2 (16 to 32kW m-2). The flow pattern is ensured using established flow pattern maps and confirmed to be predominantly annular flow for all test conditions. The heat transfer coefficient is profoundly influenced by both heat flux and mass flux at higher vapour quality. The experimental heat transfer coefficient is seen to vary between 650 and 1900W m-2 K-1. The measured pressure drop varies between 0.12bar and 0.35bar for the tested condition

Optimization-based optimal energy management system for smart home in smart grid

The introduction of advanced technologies has led to an unprecedented rise in automated appliances in the housing sector. Building new administrative structures to satisfy electrical needs has grown more crucial to ensure the safety of residential devices. One of the approaches to achieve this is Demand Side Management (DSM), a key component of both micro-grid and Smart Grid technology. DSM can be accomplished by carefully controlling requirements while upholding the trust of clients. Most of the DS Management which has been covered in the research is aimed at helping households manage their power plan. The innovative HBA+DMO technique inherits Honey Badger Optimization (HBA) and Dwarf Mongoose Optimization (DMO) for executing the DSM program. The groundwork for the proposed framework implemented in this investigation is provided by the Critical-Peak-Price (CPP) and Real-Time-Price (RTP) payment processes. Two operational instances (60 min and 12 min) are being taken into consideration to evaluate client requirements and behavior over the suggested strategy. In accordance with the results from simulations, the suggested strategy arranges the devices in the best possible way, leading to fewer energy expenses while maintaining user comfort (UC). Customers sometimes pay a premium as a result of gadget waiting periods in order to gain the most comfort. As equipment is turned on in response to user comfort, the amount of time spent waiting during an unscheduled situation is close to zero. Tools for lowering energy expenditures and consumption for buildings, communities, or enterprises are frequently provided through energy management software. The three main uses of the energy data that EMS collects are reporting, monitoring, and engagement. The computational time of the proposed approach is (∼213.42). Future testing involving different conditions and control methods for study into HRES microgrid infrastructure may be done on the medium of the experiment bench

Optimal Congestion Management by Load Curtailment in Electricity Market

Abstract A novel bi-level framework is developed for congestion management in electric power market by load curtailment and generator rescheduling. Interruptible load auction schemes are performed to detect the load buses which require corrective measures to relieve congestion. The proposed congestion management problem is solved in two different levels. The objective functions formulated as non-linear equation is solved using swarm intelligence techniques. In first level, the load curtailment problem is solved, while in second level the generator rescheduling problem is solved. Generator rescheduling through swarm based optimization techniques minimizes the curtailment of contracted power in a deregulated market. A comparative study has been carried out on the swarm intelligence techniques such as Cauchy Gaussian infused PSO (CGI-PSO) and Particle Swarm Optimization with Time Varying Acceleration Coefficient (PSO-TVAC) to solve the proposed problem. The formulated methodology is simulated on standard IEEE 30 bus system and verified through Indian utility-69 bus system.</jats:p

Enhancing Recovery from Oral Facial Neoplasia: A Narrative Review of the Role, Design and Rehabilitation Impact of Surgical Obturators

Surgical obturators play a crucial role in the comprehensive rehabilitation of oncologic patients who experience maxillary defects following surgical intervention. This narrative review explores the significance of surgical obturators in facilitating recovery, detailing their design considerations and functional necessities. Surgical obturators serve as immediate post-operative aids, providing essential support for speech articulation, swallowing and mastication while promoting tissue healing. The design process meticulously considers anatomical fit, speech intelligibility, masticatory efficiency, and patient comfort to enhance overall rehabilitation outcomes. Moreover, this review addresses contemporary challenges in obturator design, including microbial buildup and the weight of the prosthesis, proposing novel solutions to enhance usability. The development and application of various types of surgical obturators – conventional, hybrid, and implant-supported – are analyzed, clarifying their diverse roles in the long-term management of patients. By synthesizing current knowledge and advancements in this field, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the critical importance of surgical obturators in the recovery journey of oncologic patients

Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of Valsartan and Sacubitril in pharmaceutical dosage form

The Present work was to develop a simple, fast, accurate, precise, reproducible, Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for simultaneous estimation of Valsartan and Sacubitril in Pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatographic separation trials were done using three columns and four mobile phases in different ratios. Columns used are Thermosil C18 column(100mm×4.6mm)5µm, Xterra C18 column(150mm×4.6mm)5µm and Chromosil C18 column having dimension of (150mm x 4.6 mm)5µm and mobile phase used are water, methanol, acetonitrile, phosphate buffer in different logic ratios based on polarity, with mobile phase consisting of Phosphate buffer (KH2PO4 and K2HPO4) pH 3 ±0.02 pH adjusted with ortho phosphoric acid and Acetonitrile (25:75 %v/v), flow rate was adjusted to 1ml/min and detection wavelength at 254nm. The retention times of Valsartan and Sacubitril was found to be 2.589 and 3.711mins. The proposed method has been validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, robustness and range were within the acceptance limit according to ICH guidelines. Linearity for Valsartan and Sacubitril were found in range of 0.2µg-0.6µg and 0.1µg-0.3µg and correlation coefficient were found to be 0.999 and 0.999 respectively. %RSD for intermediate precision was found to be 0.1 and 0.2, for repeatability was 0.2 and 0.5, % mean recovery for Valsartan and Sacubitril was found to be 99.77% to 100.12% respectively. The method was found to be robust even by change in the mobile phase ±5% and in less flow condition. The developed method can be successfully employed for the routine analysis of Valsartan and Sacubitril in API and Pharmaceutical dosage forms

Design and synthesis of antimicrobial linear tetrapeptides and heterocyclic ring conjugated tetrapeptides- a comprehensive review

Peptides having a number of therapeutic activities, in which, sequence of &nbsp;antimicrobial peptides plays an important role in antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial peptides are potential alternatives for conventional antibiotics. Our objective is to collect important different types of linear anti&nbsp; microbial peptides. We are doing a comprehensive review on linear antimicrobial tetrapeptides