Three-dimensional observation system for pellet ablation traveling in the high-temperature plasmas

In order to investigate the ablation of a solid hydrogen pellet, which is injected into a high-temperature plasma with high speed (~1 km/s) for the plasma refueling, a three-dimensional observation system using a fast camera has been developed. A stereo method has been employed to obtain the three-dimensional information of the pellet ablation. A pair of the stereo images, which have been taken from different locations, has been focused onto a single fast camera by using a bifurcated fiber scope to ensure the simultaneity of both images. The projection matrix, which is used for stereo reconstruction, is calibrated by taking images of a model plane of known coordinates from the actual camera positions. The measuring error of the stereo observation is within 2% in the depth direction

Observation of a Rotating Radiation Belt in LHD

A poloidally rotating radiation belt with helical structure was observed during the high density discharges with detachment by photodiode fan arrays and a fast camera in LHD. The peak of radiation rotates inside the last closed flux surface, and the direction and mode number of the poloidal rotation are electron diamagnetic and one, respectively. During the recombination phase after termination of the plasma heating, the rotation continues, and its rotating radius shrinks with shrinking of the plasma column. The poloidal rotating frequency depends on the heating power, and increases from the orders of several tens of Hz to several hundreds of Hz with shrinking of the rotation radius. The mechanism of the rotation remains uncertain

Monitoring Twenty-Six Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients by BCR-ABL mRNA Level in Bone Marrow: A Single Hospital Experience

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is caused by the BCR-ABL oncogene. The Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) from a reciprocal translocation, t(9;22) (q34;q11) causes a fusion gene, BCR-ABL, that encodes a constitutively active tyrosine kinase. Treatment of CML by imatinib is effective to control the tyrosyl phosphorylation of the protein related to the cell signaling. BCR-ABL mRNA is overexpressed in the minimal residual disease (MRD), known as an early sign of relapse. Between December 2005 and June 2008, we measured BCR-ABL mRNA levels in the bone marrow (BM) from patients by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) in Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital. Eighty-six samples from 26 patients were collected. Among the 26 CML patients, 11 patients (42%) were in the pretreatment group. Seven (64%) of the 11 patients achieved complete molecular response (CMR). In the post-treatment group consisting of the remaining 15 patients, 9 (60%) patients achieved CMR. The patients receiving imatinib at a dose over 300mg per day required 13 (6-77) months [median (range)] to achieve CMR. On the other hand, the patients receiving a dose below 300mg per day required 29.5 (11-84) months [median (range)]. When BCR-ABL mRNA was detected during the treatment course of patients with CMR, careful observation of BCR-ABL mRNA was useful for tracking the clinical course of patients. In conclusion, the BCR-ABL mRNA level was useful for monitoring the clinical course in 26 patients with CML

Twenty barrel in situ pipe gun type solid hydrogen pellet injector for the Large Helical Device

A 20 barrel solid hydrogen pellet injector, which is able to inject 20 cylindrical pellets with a diameter and length of between 3.0 and 3.8 mm at the velocity of 1200 m/s, has been developed for the purpose of direct core fueling in LHD (Large Helical Device). The in situ pipe gun concept with the use of compact cryo-coolers enables stable operation as a fundamental facility in plasma experiments. The combination of the two types of pellet injection timing control modes, i.e., pre-programing mode and real-time control mode, allows the build-up and sustainment of high density plasma around the density limit. The pellet injector has demonstrated stable operation characteristics during the past three years of LHD experiments

Studies on metal-ion complex formation of crown ether derivatives incorporating a photoionizable spirobenzopyran moiety by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Metal-ion complexation of crown ether derivatives incorporating one and two spirobenzopyran units was investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.The crowned spirobenzopyran derivatives exhibited very different metal ion-complexing behavior from their corresponding parent crown ether rings,preferring multivalent to monovalent metal ions owing to the additional ionic interaction with the nitrophenolate anion of the merocyanine moiety.The on-line photochemical reaction for mass spectrometry indicated that the metal ion-complexing ability and ion selectivities of the crowned spirobenzopyrans can be switched photochemically,taking advantage of the difference between the spiropyran and merocyanine isomers

Statistical Analysis of Pressure Fluctuations in Vertical Two-Phase Flow

An experimental study was conducted on pressure fluctuations in vertical two-phase air-water flow. Statistical analysis of measured fluctuations was used to identify flow regimes in two-phase flow. Random ripple fluctuations were observed in bubbly flow. In slug and churn flows, however, violent oscillations were caused by the periodic passage of liquid and gas slugs. These oscillations-were weakened with a further in-crease of gas flowrate, and small ripple fluctuations again appeared in annular flow

甲状軟骨形成術Ⅰ型と声帯内自家脂肪注入術との治療成績の検討

Objective: Type-I thryroplasty, also known as medialization thyroplasty (MT) and autologous fat injection laryngoplasty (FIL) are one of the main surgical treatments for unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). Both procedures have the same concept of completing the glottal closure by medializing the vocal fold, although the surgical approaches are quite different. In order to assess these surgical effects, we examined the treatment outcomes and benefits of the two surgeries. Methods: We collected data from the 135 phonosurgeries that we performed out of 375 patients with UVFP at Osaka Voice Center, Osaka Kaisei Hospital from January 2009 to February 2013. After excluding cases with glottal level differences on phonation, either MT or FIL were performed on 80 cases. The inclusion criteria for the present study were: (1) patients had no history of previous phonosurgery, and (2) functional evaluations were available before/after surgery. Consequently, 43 participants (12 for MT and 31 for FIL) were enrolled in this study. Surgical effects were evaluated by means of the maximum phonation time (MPT), pitch period perturbation quotient (PPQ), amplitude perturbation quotient (APQ), and harmonic to noise ratio (HNR) just before, one month, and 6 months after surgery. Results: Both MT and FIL showed significant improvement in MPT (MT, p = 0.005; FIL, p < 0.001) and PPQ (MT, p = 0.047; FIL, p = 0.041) at 1 month postoperation. We also compared the variation of each variable between the two procedures, but there were no significant differences in these parameters. However, MPT, APQ, and HNR at the post-MT after 6 months worsened compared to those at 1 month posttreatment, whereas MPT showed only a slight decrease from the 1st month to the 6th month in those with FIL. Conclusion: Both MT and FIL were effective for the voice recovery in patients with UVFP. Our findings suggest that surgical results in FIL might be better than those in MT 6 months after surgery, although there were no significant differences between these two procedures 1 month postoperation.博士（医学）・乙第1490号・令和2年12月24日Copyright © 2020 Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Society of Japan Inc. Published by Elsevier B.V